Thus the potential energy of the system at an arbi trary instant is V = l{3x)' = 19kx' The work done by the viscous damping force between two arbitrary instants is Hence the coefficients for an equi valent syste"1s model is koq =9k Supplementary Problems 27 1.33 Determine the number of degrees of freedom necessary for the analysis of the system of Fig. '1-37. Ans. Identical slender rods of length L and mass m L L L I-'4 -I- '4 --I---- '2----j Fig. 1-37 1.34 Determine the number of degrees of freedom necessary for the analysis of the system of Fig. 1-38. Fig. 1-38 Ans. 3 mass m l moment of inertia I and show the generalized coordinates
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Print these pages. Solve the problems on separate sheets of paper. Then write your solution NEATLY on these pages. Return these pages at class Friday 9/12 Important: single sided, stapled. and show the generalized coordinates 28 MECHANICAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS [CHAP. I 1.35 Determine the number of degrees of freedom necessary for the analysis of the system of Fi g. 1-39. rmm Fig. 1-39 Ans. 4 1.36 Determine the longitudinal stiffness of a rectangul ar, 30 x 50 mm steel bar ( = 210 x 10" N/ m' ) of length 2.1 m. Ans. 1.5 x 10" N/m 1.37 Determine the torsional stiffness of a 60-cm-long annul ar aluminum shaft (G = 40 x 10' N/m' ) of inner radi us 25 mm and outer radius 35 mm. Ans. 1.16 x 10' N-m/rad 1.38 A 2oo-kg machine is placed at the end of the beam of Fig. 1-40. Determine the sti ff ness of the beam for use in a I-degree-of-freedom model of the system. Ans. 5.00 x 10' N/m I---- 3 m -----I 2m----i ;Q; N E=210 X 10'- m' I = 1.35 x 10" m' Fig. 1-40 and show the generalized coordinates
CHAP.I J MECHANICAL SYSTEM ANALYS IS 29 1.39 Dete rmine the equi valent st iffness of the beam of Fig. 1-41 a t the location where the machine is placed. 1----60 em ----j--35 em---J o E=210X I 9 ~ ---------------1A 1= 6.52 X 1 ~ m' Fig. 141 Ans. 8.85 X 10' N/m 1.40 A helical coi l spring is made from a steel (G = 80 X 10' N/m') bar of radius 6 mm. The spring has a coi l diameter of 6 em and has 46 active turns. What is the stiffness of the spring? Ans. 2.09 X 10' N/m 1.41 What is the static deOecti on of the spring of Proble m 1.40 when it is used in the system of Fig. 1.42? Fig. 142 Ans. 9.39 X 10- 3 m r = ID em 1= I.5kgm' m= IOkg 1.42 Q.;;termine the equivalent stiffness of the system of Fig. 143. Fig. 143 Ans. 17k/ll 30 MECHANICAL SYSTEM ANALYS IS 1.43 Determine the equi valent stiffness of the system of Fi g. 1 -44. AI = I x m 2 E, = E, = 200 x 10'.!'I... N N __ CD (J) I- 60 em -+- 70 em --I Fig. 1-44 Ans. 2.20 X ](t N/ m 1.44 Determine the equivalent torsional stiffness of the system of Fi g. 1-45. 1-60 em--t- 80cm- 1-50cm-j " Fig. 1-45 Ans. 8.66 X 10' N-m/ rad ' I = 5 em '2= 8cm r J =4cm 9 N G, = G, = G, = 40 x 10 ;;;I 1.45 Determine t he equivalent st iffness of the system of Fig. 1 -46. Ans. 1.5 x 10" N/ m 1-------------2 m -------------j E = 210 x 10' *' 1= 3.8 X 10- 5 mo! Fig. 1-46 3 x m [CHAP. 1
CHAP. IJ MECHANICAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS }.46 Determine the equi valent sti ffness of the system of Fig. 1-47. f---40cm I x m Fig. 147 Ans. 7.69 x 10' N/ m 80cm E=21Ox m' r = 4.5 x 10'7 1.47 Determine the equivalent st iffness of the system of Fig. 1-48. )------ 80 em -----.....,1-- 40 em--i Fig. 148 Ans. 6.35 X 10 7 N/ m
m' I = 4.6 X IO- s m" 31 1.48 The torsional viscous damper of Fig. 1-49 consists of a cylinder of radius r that rotates inside a fixed cylinder. The cylinders are concentric with a clearance h. The gap between the cylinders is filled with a fluid of viscosity JJ.. The length of cylinder in contact with the fluid is e. Determine the torsional viscous damping coefficierit for this damper. 1--/---1 Fig. 149 Ans. 2TW'( c=-- , h
32 MECHANICAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS [CHAP. I 1.49 Delermine Ihe kinelic energy of Ihe syslem of Fig. 1-50 al an arbilrary inslant in lerms of i, including Ihe inertia effecls of Ihe springs 2m Fig. 1-50 Ans. 1.50 LeI 11(1) represenl the angular displacement of a thin disk attached at one end of circular shafl , fixed at it s other end. The shaft has a mass moment of inertia I, aboul its longitudinal cenlroidal axis. Using a linear displacement approximation, determine the equivalent moment of inertia of a disk 10 be added to the end of Ihe shafl to approximale the inertia effects of lhe shaft. Ans. 1.51 The >ta lic defleclion for a fixed-free beam of length L , cross-sectional moment of inertia I, and elasli c modulus E with a concentrated load Fat ils free end is . Fz' y(z ) = 6EI( 3L - z) Use Ihis equati on to develop the equivalent mass of Ihe beam if it has a cross-sectional area A and a m:bS density p. An.'. O.236pAL 1.52 The trigonometric function y(Z)=X[I-cosGDJ sati sfies all boundary conditions for a fixed-free beam of length L where x is the deflection at the free ,' nd. Use this function to determine the mass of a particle that can be placed at the end of the beam to approximate it s inerti a effects. The beam has a mass density p and a cross-secti onal area A. An .... O.227pAL 1.53 Use" trigonometric function simil ar to that of Problem 1.20 to determine the mass of a particl e to be rlaced j along the span of a fixed-fixed beam to approximate the beam's inerti a effect s. An.,. )pAL
(Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics 174) A. Chatfield - Fundamentals of High Accuracy Inertial Navigation-American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1997)