GLOSSARY.

1269
Donjon. (Fr.) Tlio massive ti;\ver within ancient castles to which the garrison niif>-ht
ritreat in case of necessity. It was ceiiirally placed, and frequently raised on an arti-
ficial elevation.
Book. (Scotch.) The same as Wooden Brick.
Door. (Sax. Do ', Gr. 0ipo.) The gate or entrance of a house or other building, or of an
apartment in a house. It must be proportioned to the situation and use for which it is
intended. Thus, for an ordinary dwelling-house,
a door should not be less than seven to
eight feet high, and three to four feet broad
;
but to churches and public buildings the
entrance doors should be much wnder, to allow of
a
multitude passing out. So in stately
mansions, the doors must be from six to twelve feet in width, and of proportionate
height.
Door Frame or Case. The -wooden-frame enclosing a door.
Door Plane. The plane between the door proper, and the larger opening within which
it may be placed. It is often richly ornamented.
Door Stop. The slip of wood against which a door shuts in its frame. See Rebate.
Door-way. The framework of an opening for a door, the shape of which is determined by
the style of architecture of the building. The Greek doorway was always square-headed,
and generally less in width at top than at bottom. The Roman and the Romanesque
doorwaj's are sometimes r. und-arched
;
the Mediieval ones are pointed in shape.
Doiiic Order. The first of the orders used in Grecian architecture, and the second as
used in Roman and Italian architecture. Its capital is composed of straight lines and
mouldings. In the frieze is used the triglyph, with mutules in the cornice and corre-
sponding to them.
Dormant Tree or Summer. The lintel of a dour, window beam, &c. A beam tenoned
into a girder to support the ends of joists on both sides of it. Sumiucr, in some loca-
lities, is the common term for a girder. See Brkssummer.
Dormer. A -window placed on the inclined plane of the roof of a house, the frame being
placed vertically on the rafters.
Dormitory. (Lat. Dormio, I sleep.) A large sleeping-room, capable of containing many
beds. A range of cells for sleeping in.
DoRON. The Greek for a palm. See Brick.
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DossEL. See Reredos.
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Double Cone MouLDiNa. A moulding used in the
arches of the Norman period. {Fig. 1400.)
Double Curvature. The curvature of a curve,
whereof no part can be brought into a plane,
such as the cylindro-cylindric curve, &c.
Double Floor. One constructed of binding and
Fig. 1400.
bridging joists.
Double-hung
Sashes. A -windo-w opening with two sashes, one for lifting up, the
other for dra-wing down, fitted into the sash frame of a window opening.
Double Vaults. Two vaults of brick or stone carritd up separately with a cavity between
them.
Doubles. A sized slate used in roofing.
Doubling. A term used in Scotland to denote eaves' boards.
DouciNB. The French term for the cym i recta.
DovE-HOUSE, or Do-VE-coT. A building for keeping tame pigeons, the only essential dif-
ference between which and a common poultry house is that the entrance for the birds
must be placed at a considerable height from the ground, because of the flight of pigeons
being so much higher than other birds.
DovE-TAiL. A joint, so called from its being formed spreading like a pigeon's tail, used by
carpenters andjoiners in connecting two pieces of wood, by letting one into the other.
It is the
strongest method of joining masses, because the tenon or piece of -wood
widens as it extends, so that it canuot be drawn out, because the tongue is larger
than the cavity through which it would have to be drawn. The F"rench call this
method queue cThironde, or swallow's tail.
DovB-TAiL
Moulding. An ornament formed of running bands, as Example "i,
fig.
188.
It is
sometimes called a i!n'ai7!//r/rci:.
Do-WBL. A pin of wood or iron used at the edges of boards in laying floors to avoid the
appearance of the nails on the surface. Floors thus laid are ca led dowelled floors.
The drums of columns were steadied by the insertion of dowels of wood, cube in
shape,
as found in the remains of Greek and F^gyptian architecture. Slate dowels
are now often used in preference to iron, on account of the latter material tending to
split the stone with rust.
Drap..
(Verb.) A term applied to anything bearing down or rubliing on another. Thus,
a door is said to drag when its hinges become so loosened that the lower edge rubs upon
the floi.r.