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Presentation
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Voltage Transformation

Three-Phase Circuits

Delta Connections

Wye Connections

Delta-to-Wye Connections

Wye-to-Wye
Connections

Wye-to-Delta Connections

Delta-to-Delta Connections

Open Delta
Connections

Delta Connection with High Leg to
Ground

Three-Phase Transformer Polarity





Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
The low-voltage winding of
a standard distribution
transformer connected to a
single-phase circuit is
normally made with two
equal coils. These sections
are arranged so that they
may be connected in series
or parallel.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Transformer polarity
may be subtractive or
additive.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
The polarity of a
transformer may be
determined using a
known transformer
or with AC voltage.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
A delta connection has
the wires from the ends
of each coil connected
end-to-end to form a
closed loop.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Studying the current in
a delta-connected
system at both 0 and
90 illustrates the
current flow in a delta-
connected system.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
A wye connection has
one end of each coil
connected together
and the other end of
each coil left open for
external connections.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Studying the current in
a wye-connected
system at both 0 and
90 illustrates the
current flow in a wye-
connected system.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
A 3-phase delta-to-
wye connection is
often used for
distribution where a
four-wire secondary
distribution circuit is
required.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Three single-phase
transformers may
be connected in a
wye-to-wye
connection to form
a 3-phase
transformer.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
A wye-to-delta
connection permits
single-phase and 3-
phase loads to be
drawn simultaneously
from the delta-
connected secondary
at the same voltage.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
In a wye-to-delta
connection of three single-
phase transformers, one
unit may be disconnected
from the circuit and
service maintained with
the secondary operating
in open delta connection
at 57.7% of normal bank
capacity.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
In a delta-to-delta
connection, the
voltage of each
transformer is equal to
the 3-phase line
voltage and the
current in each of the
transformers is only
57.7% of the line
current.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Grounding one of the
midpoints of the
windings provides 240
V/120 V, single-phase,
3-wire service for
lighting applications.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
An open delta
connection makes
3-phase power
available anywhere
along the
distribution line with
the use of only two
transformers rather
than the usual
three.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
A delta
connection with a
high leg to ground
provides 240 V,
3-phase power to
equipment and
120 V power for
lighting and
receptacles.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
The phase
sequence on the
secondary of a
three-phase
transformer is the
same as the
phase sequence
on the primary.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Transformers are
classified into
connection groups
according to their
phase shift.
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections
Chapter 4
Transformer Connections

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