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250x 0,74x10
-
1
6
I
CC
=
I
R
=
6,86
2 2 2 2
I
C
+
2,28 + = 7,22 A < 10 A OK !
R =
R
( N
1
/ N
2
)
2
=
1433,8
( 17
/ 0,22
)
2
= 240m
I
CC
= 7,22x
3
U
nom
S > VA = 70.870VA
3
3
17x10
17 kV / 220 V ; 75 kVA
R = 240m ; 1 sec ; V = 220 V
GUIDE FOR PREVENTION AND MINIMIZING OF THE DAMAGE FROM STATOR WINDING GROUNDS ON
TURBOGENERATORS
Study Committee A1, WG A1.09
Page 17 of 19
5.3.2 In case of a too low phase-to-ground insulation winding capacitance, resistor value obtained by
impedance criteria could provide be lower current than required for tripping.
pacitance, resistor value obtained by
impedance criteria could provide be lower current than required for tripping.
In this case, the resistor value must be increased. In this case, the resistor value must be increased.
Example: Conventional thermal power plant. Example: Conventional thermal power plant.
Generator: Unom = 17 kV, Generator: Unom = 17 kV,
50 Hz, 50 Hz,
C (Phase-to-ground insulation winding capacitance )= 56,7nF C (Phase-to-ground insulation winding capacitance )= 56,7nF
- Impedance criteria: - Impedance criteria:
1
3 C
- Current criteria - Current criteria
Resistive current component will be: Resistive current component will be:
More current is needed for stator ground protection tripping. More current is needed for stator ground protection tripping.
Resistor must be decreased, for example: R = 1.900 Resistor must be decreased, for example: R = 1.900
Short circuit current will be: Short circuit current will be:
Grounding transformer design Grounding transformer design:
It is recommended a grounding transformer of:
Ratio: 20 kV / 220 V
Power:
Will be standard, for example:
Secondary resistor design:
Looking for an standard resistor, it will be:
;
R
R =
1
3x 250x 56,7x10
-9
18.713
250x 56,7x10
-9
I
C
=
3
U
nom
=
1
C
3
17x10
3
V
1
= 0,17 A
I
CC
=
I
R
2
I
C
2
+
=
5,17
2
+ 0,17
2
= 5,172 A < 10 A OK !
R =
R
( N
1
/ N
2
)
2
=
1.900
( 20
/ 0,22
)
2
= 229m
3 1.900
I
R
=
U
nom
3 R
=
17x10
3
V
= 5,17 A ( 5,10 ) A OK!
I
CC
= 5,172x VA = 50.822VA
3
U
nom
S >
3
17x10
3
3 18.713
17x10
3
V
= 0,52 A Too low
20 kV / 220 V ; 60 kVA
U
nom
I
R
= =
3 R'
R = 200m ; 1 sec ; V = 220 V
GUIDE FOR PREVENTION AND MINIMIZING OF THE DAMAGE FROM STATOR WINDING GROUNDS ON
TURBOGENERATORS
Study Committee A1, WG A1.09
Page 18 of 19
According to the change of resistor impedance, from 229m to 200m, it is necessary to
check current criteria:
Resistor primary corresponds to:
Short circuit current will be:
250x 56,7x10
-9
I
C
=
3
U
nom
=
1
C
3
17x10
3
V
1
= 0,17 A
3 1.653
I
R
=
U
nom
3 R
=
17x10
3
V
= 5,94 A
R = ( N
1
/ N
2
)
2
R
= ( 20 / 0,22 )
2
x 200m = 1.653
I
CC
=
I
R
=
5,94
2 2 2 2
I
C
+
0,17 + < 10 A OK ! = 5,942A
GUIDE FOR PREVENTION AND MINIMIZING OF THE DAMAGE FROM STATOR WINDING GROUNDS ON
TURBOGENERATORS
Study Committee A1, WG A1.09
Page 19 of 19
6 REFERENCES
IEEE C37.101-1993 Guide for Generator Ground Protection
IEEE C62.92.2-1989. Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems.
Part II- Grounding of Synchronous Generator Systems.
IEEE C62.92.3. Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems.
Part III- Generator Auxiliary Systems.
IEEE C62.92-1989 - "Neutral grounding in electrical utility systems"
WG.B5.04 "Modern Techniques for Protecting and Monitoring of Generating Plants"
EPRI EL-5036 Volume 8, in particular pages 8-19 through 8-22 that deal with the same subject.
[Ref-1] This guide includes comments from: Australia, Brasil, Israel, Poland, Spain, Sweden, South
Africa, United Kingdom and United States of America.
[Ref-2]: Lecture Notes of Generator Protection Relay Course BBC-March 1975.
[Ref-3]:CIGRE WG34.05 Guide for the protection of synchronous generators. Chapter IV 3.1.b. 1996.
[Ref-4]: Suppression of Arcing Grounds through Neutral Resistors and Lightning Arrestors W
Petersen. Published on E.T.Z. 39 (1918).
[Ref-5]: Neutral Grounding in High Voltage Transmission Systems by R Willheim and M Waters.
Elsevier Publishing Company. 1956.
"Utilizing third harmonic 100% stator ground fault protection, a cogeneration experience."Rifaat, R.M.
Industry Applications Conference, 2000. Conference Record of the 2000 IEEE. Volume 5, Issue , 2000
Page(s):3254 - 3259 vol.5