1262

GLOSSARY
for the public and heads of the establishment may be over them on the first.
Both of these are, of course, to be regulated iu size by the extent of trade in the place
The general character should be that of simplicity
;
decoration is unsuited, and should
be very sparingly employed. The species of composition most suitable seems to be
pointed out in arcades and arched openings. The site should be as near as maybe to the
river or port, so that the merchandise may be landed and housed with as little labour
as possible. The Custom house at Dublin, designed by James Gandon, is a good
work.
The following is a general view of the apartments and offices of the London Custom
House. The long room, which is the principal public room for the entries, &c., is
185 feet long and 66 feet wide. This, as well as the rooms next enumerated, are on
the first or principal floor, viz. a pay office for duties, treasury, bench officers' or com-
missioners' rooms, secretary's room, rooms for the inspector-general, surveyor of ship-
ping, registrar of shippit3g, surveyor of acts of navigation, strong rooms, comptrollers,
outward and inward, surveyor of works ; Trinity light office, bond office, board room,
chairm;in's room, committee-room and plantation clerk's office. On the ground floor
. are the following offices: for minute clerks, clerk of papers, petitions, messengers,
landing surveyors, wood farm office, tide waiters, tide surveyors, inspectors of river,
. gaugers, landing waiters, coast waiters, coast office
"
long
"
room, coast bond office, coffi'S
office, housekeeper, searchers, merchants' and brokers' room, comptrolling searchers,
appointers of the weighers, and office for the plantation department. JJesides these
apartments there are warehouses for the merchandise.
The above long list will give a notion of what would be wanted on a smaller scale;
but on such matters the special instructions on each ease must be the guide to the
architect in making his design. Many of the above offices would, of course, be un-
necessary in a small port, neither would the dimensions be so large as the examples
quoted. The staircases, corridors, and halls must be spacious in all cases, the building
being one for the service of the public.
Cut. In inland navigation, the same as canal, arm, or branch.
Cttt Brackets. Those moulded on the edge.
Cut Eoof. One that is truncated. That is, one that appears as if the part above the
collar beams was cut away; a good example is that over the chapel at Greenwich
Hospital.
Cut Splay. The term for the oblique cutting of the corners of bricks in walling ; as to
: reveals of doors, and other openings.
Cut Standards. The upright side pieces, or cheeks, supporting the ends of the shelves
placed above a dresser table, or to a bookcase. The front edge is usually cut into a
curved outline.
Cut Stone, Hewn stone, or that which is brought into shape by the mallet and
chisel.
Cut Stbinq Stairs. Stairs which have the outer string cut to the profile of the steps.
The nosings are mitred and returned; and the riser is mitred to the stiing. "Close
string stairs
"
are where the steps and risers are housed into the strings. See String
EOARD,
Cutters. The finest marl or malm bricks, chiefly used for arches of openings, quoins,
&.C., and which from their evenness of texture allow of being cut.
Cutting Plane. A plane dividing or cutting a solid into two parts in any direction.
Cyclograph. (Gr. KvkXo^ and rpa(l>co.) In practical geometry, an instrument for describ-
ing the arc of a circle to any chord and versed sine, but chiefly used in flat segments,
or those whose curvatures approach to straiglit lines.
Cycloid. (Gr. KvkKohStis.)
A figure desi-ribed by rolling a circle upon a plane along
a straight edge, until the point on the circle which touches the straight edge
return
again to it after a revolution. The point traces the curve called the cycloid or
trochoid.
Cyclopean Masonry. Works constructed of large rude stones arranged without mortar
are called by this name
;
also Megalithic, and Pelasgic. It is considered there
were
four distinct periods, illustrating the changes from the rude constructions to
more
refined masonry. 1. Vast missliapen masses piled one upon another without order,
the interstices filled up with pebbles and small stones. 2. Pol/gonal hewn blocks cut
to fit each other
;
some interstices filled in with pebbles. 3. Courses of stone trape-
zoidal in appearance, but broken, as two courses equal in height to one
adjoining
;
joints not always vertical, and the stones of irregular size. 4. Continuous
coursed
trapezoidal arrangement,
the beds continued horizontally throughout, but the
joints
rartly vertical.
Cylinder,
(Gr. KvMv^pov.)
A folid whose base is a circle, and whose curved
surface
is
everywhere at an equal distance from the axis or line supposed to pass through
its
middle. Its formation may be conceived to be generated by the revolution of a
rettangu-