N3

no alternative, no option but to

is not as as B
express similarity
looks like

1.it seems that/it appears that

2.express hearsay or behaviour

1.it seems that

2.guess a possible outcome
express hearsay
although, despite
seems like,feels like

oncerningabout
(used when discussing opposing ideas,
an argument/debate)

rom through
*used to describe a range of time or
space with a vague beginning and
vague ending, unlike ,
which is used to describe a range of
time or space with a definite beginning
and definite ending
even if

whileduringindicates a period of
time within which an action occurs)
actions occuring at the same time
just and the result is
soon
hard/difficult to
shouldmy opinion)
it ought to be

1. y the means/method of
2. depending on/based on
3. due to/because of
4. according to
/
1. otrobably not
2. I will definitely not
3. hether or not to
is definitely not possible
give

1.o only/do nothing but (negative

meaning implied; criticism)
2.just finished/ended
3.shows a continual/continuing
negative change in
can I

1. hange sentence/phrase into a

noun
2. resents information that was
heard

shows an especially strong conviction

of the speaker
dare (to do something)
to expresscome to mind
if only, then
(not) even (stronger meaning than )
after all
as expected, after all

because, as expected (used for positive

things)

1. even if
2. no matter what/how
even though/in spite of

not at all

1. to come to
2. to continue ing, to have become

1. decide to
2. to make a rule/habit of
even if /even if one were to

1. about to start
2. be now ing (be in the middle of
doing )
3. just finished have been ing
4. after is done, the results of are

rather, fairly, relatively, comparatively

onsidering , (unexpected)

1. so much that it's like

2. there is nothing as as
3. the more , then
4. about , around (approximation)
it must mean
there's no way
(formal) must not

1. to do in advance, do as
preparation for something else
2. to leave as is, in the state
did without doing
did without doing
without ing
male speech)
(old speech)
did not
whether or not

1. it doesn't matter if is done

2. doesn't matter if (isn't done),
don't mind if (isn't done)

1. used to introduce topic )

2. used to quote sentence (

1. is called
2. all/every/this (very)

used to report information (often

heard)
the more
to say nothing of/far from/much less

although (was planned/expected),

(unexpected)
there is a fear/chance
because of
however (limits or restricts )
V a casual form of

although is true, (contrast)

it isn't the case thatit is not that

in additionfurthermore
andand thenthusand now
besidesmoreover
or
here are hardly any is very
rare
of course, expected result
() conclusion
here's no way
must not

although you may think , that is not

the case.
finish

1. in the hopes that/in order for

2. please do/don't
3. as was written/said in

in response to (topic) in regards

toin contrast to
assume, regard assuppose
just after (has been done)

(often a reason/cause) is very

strongly emphasized

in the way/as described by/the same

as
from the standpoint of

consideringan unexpected or
surprising result given
isheems
even if were the case
ust finished/completed
(suddenly) begin
ry to/make sure to
(seem to) ant (to)
only after did (I)
only (can) (puts strong emphasis)
to decide that

in line with
thisthereforeconcerning

1.even though
2.regardless of /without relation to
be about to/try to
situation remains unchanged
at the time of
tends to become/happen/occur
howeverno matter how much
butin spite of that (unexpectedness)
even so
() ()
1.in response/reply to
2.in line with/hat fits with
due to
overspan(ning)
against, contrary to

1.based in/on
2.under the guidance/direction of
(usually a person)

1.over the course of /during the time

2.hrough (as a means)

after occurs, will (soon) occur, as

soon as , then
it depends on
epending on , may change

considering the situation, condition ,

(solution, suggestion)

is necessary/good (offering
advice/suggestion)

(shows common/obvious knowledge)

of course/it's known that

shows that it's obvious that is not

true.
is easy to do
consideringthinking about
along within line with

here is a chance of ( is a
bad/negative outcome)

here is a fear/chance of
(happening)
an't do
therefore, in conclusion

at the time/place/state
(the place/location does not need to
be a physical location)

for example
( is a single representative example
from a list of items)
(
from the standpoint ofaccording
toas far as is concerned
almost
almost

1.soto the extent

2.a non-exact
amountaround/about
3.at least
as changes, changes (together)

as changes, changes (in response

to )
when changes, changes with it.
if you think about/consider

over the course of (continuous

action), hroughout
too much, excessive
tootoo muchoverwhelming

1.at the same time (occurs

together)
2.both and (share a common trait)
3. and (do something together)
4.as changes, changes as well

disregardingwithout relation to
( is usually a category or
classification)
excludestop/endwithout
hard to do (almost impossible to)

looks is usually an emotion or

feeling)

on one hand on the

other although , at the same
time,

not sure if it's (used when describing

uncertainty about a situation)
in addition to (not only ), as well

not (even a little)

(expression emphasizes the condition)

from A to Zanything and

everythingback to front

ince happened/is going to

happen, ; is used as
chance/opportunity to do (to do A
has already been decided)
in the middle of

1.do onlydo nothing but

2.just finished/ended/occured
3.shows a continual negative change

is not necessaryit's ok if is not

done.

peaking ofby the way

(used when the speaker remembers
something or uses the previous
statement to engage a new, related
topic)
Noun + +
Noun + + +
Verb: Casual, past () + +
Verb: Dictionary Form + +
Verb: -form + + +
Verb: -form + + +
Noun + + +
-adjective + +