1320

GLOSSAEY.
MtiNOPTBRAi,. (Gr.) A species of temple of a round form, which had neither walls not
cella, but only -a cupola sustained by columns. See Temple.
MoNOTRiGLYPH. (Gr.) A term applied to an intereolumniation in which only one tri-
glyph and two metopse are introduced.
Monstrance. A transparent pyx for processions of the Church, or when the Host is
exhibited ;
a casket for the exhibition of the Sacrament.
MoNTANT. The intermediate style in a piece of framing, which is tenoned into the rails.
It is alsi called a muntin.
Monument. (Lnt. Moneo.) An edifice of importance in the history of art, and which
was raised to perpetuate ttie memory of some eminent person, or to serve as a tlurable
token of some extraordinary event. See Mausoleum. The pyramids may also come
II ider this class, although they were tombs. The word monument is too generally ap-
plied to mere tombs.
Mdorstune. A species of grjnite found in Cornwall and some other parts of England,
and very serviceable in the coarser parts of a building. Its colours are chiefly black and
white, and it is very coarse. In some parts of Ireland immense beds of it are found.
Moubsque Architecture. The style of building peculiar to the Moors and Arabs. It is
aLo called Saracenic.
The AV.)rd Moresque is also applied to a ki.id of painting in that style used by the
Moors. It consists in many grotesque pieces and compartments, promiscuously, to ap-
pearance, put together, but without any perfect figure of man or animal. The stylo is
sometimes called Arabesque.
Mortar. The material used to bind stone, bricks, &c., together
; it is cempounded of
burnt limestone and sand. Hydraulic mortar is made of hydraulic lime and sand.
Mortick, or Mortise. (Fr. Mortoise, probably from the Latin Mordeo, to bite.) In car-
pentry and joinery, a recessed cutting wi'hiu the surface of a piece of timber, to receive
a projecting piece called a ienmi left on tiie end of another piece of timber, in order to
fix the two together at a given angle. The sides of the mortice are generally four
planes at right angles to eaeh other and to the surf ice, whence the excavation is made.
Mortice Lock. A lock made so as to fit into a mortice cut in the lock rail of a door to
receive it. It is thus shut out from sight.
Mosaic. (It. Mosaico.) A mode of representing objects by the inlaying of small cubes
of glass, stone, marble, sliells, wood, &c. It was a species of work much in repute
among the ancients, as may be gathered from the numerous remains of it. It is sup-
posed to have originated in the east, and to have been brouglitfrom Phccnicia to Greece,
and thence carried to Home. The term Mo.saic work is distinguished from marqtiefri/
and farqitetry by being only applied properly to w'orks of stone, metal, or glass. The
art continues to be practiseil in Italy at the present day with groat succes-.
Mosque. (Turk. Moschet.) A Moliaminedan temple or place of worship. The earliest
Arabian mosques were decorated with ranges of a vast number of columns, often be-
longing originally to other buildings. Those of the Turks, on the other hand, are more
distinguished for the size and elevation of their principal cupolas. Each mosque is
provided with a minaret, and commonly with a fountain of water, with numerous
basins for ablutions.
Mould. A term used to signify a pattern or contour by which any work is to be wrought.
The gla-ier's moulds are of two sorts, one of which is used for CJisting the lead into long
rods or cames, fit for drawing through the vice in which the grooves are formed. This
they sometimes call the ingot nioidd. The other is for moulding the small pieces of
lead, a line thick and two lines broad, which are fastened to the iron bars of casements.
The mason's mould, also called caliber, is a piece of hard wood or iron, hollowed on
the edge, answering to the contours of the mouldings or cornices to be formed. The
ends or heading joints being formed as in a cornice by means of the mould, the inter-
mediate parts are wrought down by straight edges, or circular templets, as the work is
straight or circular on the plan. When the intended surface is required to be very
exact, a reverse mould is used, in order to prove the work, by applying the mould in a
transverse direction of the arrises.
Mould. The prepared form on which plumbers cast their sheets of lead
;
it is simply
called a table. They have others for casting pipes without soldering.
Mould Stone. One of the stones of a moulded jamb.
Mouldings. The ornamental contours or forms applied to the edges of the projecting or
receding members of an order. Grecian mouldings are formed by some conic section, as
a portion of an ellipse or hyperbola. The Roman mouldings are formed by arcs of
circles, the same moulding having the same curvature throughout. The mouldings
used in Pointed architecture are chiefly formed by portions of circles.
MuLLioN, MuNNioN, Or MoNiAL. In Pointed architecture, the vertical post or bar which
divides a window into two or more lights.
MuLTiToiL. An arch with such numerous foliations that it is thought unnecessary
par-
ticularly to specify the number.