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SOLUTION OF
TRIANGLES


Name

........................................................................................


Solution Of Triangles

CHAPTER 10 : SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES

10.1 SINE RULE
C
a
b
c
B
A


1. Find the length of AB in each of the following triangles.
Example:
35
60
C
8cm
B
A



60
45
C
7cm
B
A

35
40
C
7.5cm
B
A





110 28
C
10cm
B
A

105
32
C
7.5cm
B
A







100
50
C
6.8cm
B
A



sin sin sin
a b c
A B C


8
sin35 sin 60
8sin35

sin 60
5.298
AB
AB
cm

(a)
(b) (c)
(d) (e)
[8.573cm]
[20.016cm]
[7.955cm] [10.418cm]
[9.121cm]
Solution Of Triangles

2. Find the angle A for each of the following triangles.
Example:

7cm
36
C
8cm
B
A







(a)
10cm
85
C
8cm
B
A


(b)
12.4cm
76
C
10.2cm
B
A





(c)
8.2cm
52
C
6.5cm
B
A

(d)

16cm
110
C
9cm
B
A






(e)
16cm
125
C
12cm
B
A

(f)
10cm
48
C
8cm
B
A






(g)
7cm
40
C
5cm
B
A

8 7
sin sin36
8sin36
sin
7
0.6718
42.20
A
A
A

[52.84]
[83.78] [52.95]
[37.91] [31.92]
[78.86] [62.11]
Solution Of Triangles

Obtuse Angle

Find the angle P for each of the following triangles, given that P is an obtuse angle)

Example
30
13cm
7cm
P
R
Q



13 7
sin sin30
13sin30
sin
7
0.9286
117.79
P
P
P

(a)
32
14cm
10cm
P
R
Q


(b)
27
17cm
8cm
P
R
Q







(c)
26
11cm
6cm
P
R
Q

(d)
32
5.6cm
8.8cm
P
R
Q







(e)
46
10cm
12cm
P
R
Q

[132.11]
[126.52] [105.26]
[120.32] [123.62]
Solution Of Triangles

10.2 Cosine Rule
b
c
a
B
C
A


4. Find the length of BC for each of the following triangles:
Example:
80
5cm 6cm
B
C
A

2 2 2
5 6 2(5)(6) cos80
50.581
7.112
BC
BC cm

(a)
44
7cm
8cm
B
C
A

(b)
60
9cm
8cm
B
C
A




(c)
100
7cm
9cm
B
C
A

(d)
120
6cm
7cm
B
C
A




(e)
125
6cm
5cm
B
C
A

2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 cos
2 cos
2 cos
a b c bc A
b a c ac B
c a b ab C




[8.544cm]
[5.695cm]
[12.324cm]
[11.269cm] [9.768cm]
Solution Of Triangles

5. Find the angle B for each of the following triangles:
Example

6cm
5cm
7cm
B
C
A



2 2 2
6 5 7 2(5)(7) cos
36 25 49 70cos
70cos 38
cos 0.5429
57.12
B
B
B
B
B

(a)
5.2cm
6cm
5cm
B
C
A

(b)
5.6cm
6.4cm
8.2cm
B
C
A







(c)
8.6cm
5.8cm
10.2cm
B
C
A

(d)
5cm
9.6cm
10.3cm
B
C
A








(e)
5cm
11cm
10.5cm
B
C
A

[57.42] [42.94]
[26.77] [28.83]
[72.03]
Solution Of Triangles

10.3 Area of triangles
b
c
a
B
C
A

6. Find the area of the following triangles:
Example:
5.2cm
6.8cm
52
B
C
A




(a)
7.4cm 6cm
105
B
C
A

(b)
6.2cm
5.8cm
48
B
C
A

(c)
10cm
12.2cm
110
B
C
A

(d)
11cm
12.5cm
45
B
C
A



(e)
9.4cm
7.2cm 104 P
R
Q

(f)
7.5cm
6.8cm
65
P
R
Q




(g)
10.5cm
12cm
125
P
R
Q

1
sin
2
1
sin
2
1
sin
2
Area ab C
bc A
ac B

2
1
5.2 6.8sin52
2
13.932
Area
cm

[13.362cm
2
]
[21.444cm
2
]
[57.321cm
2
]
[48.614cm
2
] [32.835cm
2
]
[23.111cm
2
]
[51.607cm
2
]
Solution Of Triangles

10.4 Problem Solving involving Sine Rule and Cosine Rule

Example:
9cm
7cm 88
42
R
Q
S
P





(a)
65
4.2cm
5.2cm
7.2cm
S
R
P
Q


(b)
65
8cm
9cm
7cm
D
C
A
B

(c)
30
8cm
10cm
D
A
C
B


Find (i) the length of PR
(ii) angle PSR
Find (i) angle PRQ
(ii) the length of RS
Find (i) angle ACD
(ii) the length of AB
Find (i) angle BCA
(ii) the length of CD
2 2 2
) 9 7 2(9)(7) cos88
125.603
11.207
11.207 10
)
sin sin 42
11.207sin 42
sin
10
48.58
a PR
PR cm
b
PSR
PSR
PSR

[(i) 99.43
(ii) 2.620cm]
[(i) 61.33
(ii)12.91cm]
[(i) 141.31
(ii)12.49cm]
Solution Of Triangles


(d)
40
11cm
6cm
8cm
D
C
B
A





(e)
52
9.4cm
8cm
R
Q
S
P





(f)
32
P
8cm
Q
6.5cm
9cm
R
S




Given the area of ABD = 12cm
2
, calculate
(i) the length of BD
(ii) angle CBD
Calculate (i) angle PSR
(ii) the length of PS
(iii) the area of PQS
Find (i) angle RQS
(ii) the length of PR
[(i) 6.223cm
(ii)100.58]
[(i) 112.19
(ii)2.765cm
(iii)10.24cm
2
]
[ (i)47.20
(ii)9.31cm]
Solution Of Triangles

Past Year Questions:

1. SPM 2003: Paper 2
The following diagram show a tent VABC in the shape of a pyramid with triangle
ABC as the horizontal base. V is the vertex of the tent and the angle between ten
inclined plane VBC and the base is 50.

C
B
A
V


Given that VB = VC = 2.2 m and AB = Ac = 2.6 cm, calculate
(a) the length of BC if the area of the base is 3 m
2
, [2.700m]
(b) the length of AV if the angle between AV and the base is 25, [3.149m]
(c) the area of triangle VAB. [2.829m
2
]


2. SPM 2004: Paper 2
The following diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD such that ABC is acute.

40.5
12.3cm
9.8cm
5.2cm
9.5cm
B
C
D
A


Calculate
(i) ABC, [57.23]
(ii) ADC, [106.07]
(iii) the area, in cm
2
, of quadrilateral ABCD. [80.96cm
2
]


Solution Of Triangles

3. SPM 2005


65
15cm
C
A
20cm
B

(a) Calculate the length, in cm, of AC. [19.27cm]
(b) A quadrilateral ABCD is now formed so that AC is a diagonal,
ACD = 40 and AD = 16 cm. Calculate the two possible values of
ADC. [50.73,129.27]
(c) By using the acute ADC from (b), calculate
(i) the length, in cm of CD, [24.89cm]
(ii) the area, in cm
2
, of the quadrilateral ABCD. [290.1cm
2
]


4. SPM 2006
The following diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD.

40
9cm
5cm
6cm
B
C
D
A

The area of triangle BCD is 13cm
2
and BCD is acute. Calculate
(a) BCD, [60.07]
(b) the length, in cm, of BD, [5.573cm]
(c) ABD, [ 116.55]
(d) the area, in cm
2
, quadrilateral ABCD. [35.43 cm
2
]