Project Name

Calculation Location Sheet Number

of
Drawing Reference Originator Date
Ref.
Brief Design of column corbels supporting the preacast beams in Park and Ride structure P43
The design is as per ACI 318M-08, Appendix A, Strut and Tie
Input Geometry
Column depth, h
c
= mm
Length of corbel, l
p
= mm
Width of corbel, b = mm
Overall depth of corbel, h = mm
Depth of corbel, d = mm
Column cover, C
c
= mm
Bearing pad = mm
Materials
Grade of concrete, f'
c
= MPa
Grade of steel, f
y
= MPa
Loads (Ultimate)
Factored vertical load, V
u
= kN
Factored horizontal load, N
u
= kN
Distance to load from column face, a = mm
Notes:
1)Depth at the free end of corbel is assumed to be at least h/2
2) = for all struts, ties, nodes & bearing ( 9.3.2.6)
Solution STEP 1: Bearing checks - Node "o"
A.5.2 Maximum allowable compressive stress, f
ce
= 0.85
n
f'
c

n
= 0.8 (one tie)
= 0.85 0.8 40 = MPa
Allowable bearing stress, f
b
= f
ce
= 0.75 27.2 = MPa
Bearing area required, A
b
= V
u
/f
b
= 12201000 / 20.4 = mm
2
Area of bearing plate provided = 400150 = mm
2
> A
b
SAFE
STEP 2: Determination of Truss Geometry

Width of compression strut, w

s
M
m
= 0 [If N
c
is the compressive force at p ]
V
u
(l
1
) + N
u
(d) - N
c
(l
2
) = 0 -------------------------------------------------- (1)
Horizontal load, N
u
= kN
Angle the resultant load makes with vertical is given by
N
u
V
u
l
1
= (h-d) tan
R
+ a
w
+ (h
c
-C
c
) = (400-340)0.06 + 133 + (900-88)
= mm
l
2
= h
c
-C
c
- 0.5w
s
= 900 - 88 - 0.5 w
s
= - 0.5w
s
mm (w
s
in mm)
Substituting l
1
and l
2
in Eqn. (1),
1220(0.9486) + 75(0.34) - Nc (0.812 - 0.5ws) = 0 (w
s
in m)
948.6
812
Node p is located at the intersection of the longitudinal compression strut of the column
and bottom tension tie. The width of the compression strut w
s
which is the governing
factor to locate node p , is determined by moment equilibrium about m.
75
tan
R
= =
75
1220
= 0.06
88
40
420
1220
75
150
900
200
400
340
400
59804
60000
Node m is located at the intersection of the tension reinforcement of the column and the
tie at the tension reinforcement of the bottom fiber of the corbel.
Node n is located at the intersection of the tension bar of the column and the upper
tension tie of the corbel
Node o is located at the intersection of the resultant of the applied reactions (V
u
and N
u
)
and the upper tension tie of the corbel.
400
27.2
0.75
20.4
133
Job Number
Rev.
1 4
Checker Date
HP Sep-14
Calculations Output
Corbel as per ACI 318M-08(WIP - HP).xlsx | 23-09-2014 13:18
Project Name
Calculation Location Sheet Number
of
Drawing Reference Originator Date
Ref.
- N
c
( - 0.5w
s
) --------------------------------- (2)
Maximum compressive stress at the nodal zone p (anchors on tie)
f
cu
= 0.85
n
f'
c

n
= 0.8 (one tie)
= 0.85 0.8 40 = MPa
A
n
= area of the nodal zone = b w
s
= w
s
(w
s
in mm)
Maximum allowable force on strut:
N
c
= f
cu
A
n
= 0.7527.2400/1000 w
s
kN (w
s
in mm)
(w
s
in mm)
(w
s
in m and N
c
in kN)
Substituting in Eqn. (2),
N
c
2
-
N
c
+ = 0
Solving,
N
c
= kN a=
w
s
= N
c
b=
= m = mm c=
l
2
= - 0.5w
s
mm (w
s
in mm)
= mm
With w
s
determined, the node p has been located and the entire truss geometry has been fixed.
V
u
= kN
n o N
u
= kN

1
= tan
-1
( 340/238.69)
= deg > 25
O
OK
=
m
2
= tan
-1
( 340/709.91)
p
= deg > 25
O
OK
Legend
N
c
= kN = Tie
= Strut
m' p'
STEP 3: Solving the truss for forces in the components of the truss
C
po
= V
u
/ sin
1
= kN (Compression)
T
no
= C
po
cos
1
+ N
u
= kN (Tension)
C
np
= T
no
/ cos
2
= kN (Compression)
T
nm
= C
np
sin
2
= kN (Tension)
T
mp
= C
np
cos
2
- C
po
cos 1 = kN (Tension)
C
pp'
= C
np
sin
2
+ C
po
sin 1 kN (Compression)
N
c
Error =
Error less than 1%
75
1667
0.053%
1491
932
1033
446
75
54.93
25.59
709.91 238.69
1666
1220
A.2.5: The angle between the axes of
any strut and any tie entering a single
node shall not be taken as less than 25
O
812
709.9
948.6
3
4
0
6.13E-05
-0.812
1182.792
1666
0.7527.2400/1000
=
N
c
0.7527.2400
0.000123
0.204 204.2
6.13E-05 0.812 1182.792
w
s
= 0.000123
N
c
27.2
400
=
N
c
1182.792 0.812
Calculations Output
Job Number
Rev.
2 4
Checker Date
HP Sep-14

2
Corbel as per ACI 318M-08(WIP - HP).xlsx | 23-09-2014 13:18
Project Name
Calculation Location Sheet Number
of
Drawing Reference Originator Date
Ref.
Analysis Results V
u
=
Note: all forces and in kN
n o N
u
=
m
p
Legend
N
c
= = Tie
= Strut
m' p'
STEP 4: Reinforcement Requirements
Reinforcement diameter preferences
Dia. of top tension tie = mm Dia. of bottom tension tie = mm
For top tension tie, n-o
number of bars =
Provide 10-T20 bars as top tie
For bottom tension tie, m-p
number of bars =
Provide 4-T12 bars as bottom tie
STEP 5: Design of Nodal zone.
Width available = 2 (400-340) = mm > mm
OK
STEP 6: Checks for struts
Surface reinforcement is provided which allows the use of
s
=
The stresses in diagonals n-p and o-p are limited to the minimum of:
A.3.2 f
ce
= (0.85
s
f'
c
) = 0.75 0.85 0.75 40 = MPa
A.5.2 and f
ce
= 0.75 0.85
n
f'
c

n
= 0.6 (two ties)
= 0.75 0.85 0.6 40 = MPa
For Struts, f
ce
= MPa
A.3.1 F
ns
= f
ce
A
cs
Width of strut required for strut n-p = 10331000 / (15.3400)
= mm < w
s
/sin
2
= mm
OK
Provide 10-T20 bars as
top tie
Provide 4-T12 bars as
bottom tie
f
y
0.75420
Required A
s
=
T
mp
=
751000
0.75
12
9.419
=
9321000
0.75420
= 2959
2.104
= 238 mm
2
4
4
6
T
no
f
y
Required A
s
=
75
1666
932
mm
2
20
1220
Calculations Output
Date
HP Sep-14
Job Number
Checker
Rev.
3 4
The width of nodal zone w
s
of the nodal zone p has been chosen in step 2 to satisfy the stress
limit on this zone.
To anchor the tie n-o, the horizontal loop is used. To satisfy the nodal zone stress limit, the
tie reinforcement, the tie reinforcement must engage an effective depth of concrete at least:
1
0
3
3
75
1
4
9
1
f
cu
b
T
no
=
932 1000
8160
= 114.2 mm
The struts will be checked by computing the strut widths and checking whether they will fit in
the space available.
120 114.2
19.13
15.3
15.3
168.8 472.7
Corbel as per ACI 318M-08(WIP - HP).xlsx | 23-09-2014 13:18
Project Name
Calculation Location Sheet Number
of
Drawing Reference Originator Date
Ref.
A.5.2 and f
ce
= 0.75 0.85
n
f'
c

n
= 0.8 (one tie)
= 0.75 0.85 0.8 40 = MPa
f
ce
= MPa
Width of strut required for strut o-p = 14911000 / (19.12400)
= mm < w
s
/sin
1
= mm
OK
STEP 7: Surface reinforcement
A.3.3.1
i
sin
i

Assuming only horizontal reinforcement, in the form of links of mm dia bars

For strup n-p
Angle between the strut axis and reinforcing bars, =
2
= deg.
Required reinforcement ratio,
required
= 0.003/ sin 25.59 =
Distributing the bars in 2/3 d, A
s,req
= 0.0069400 2/3 340 = mm
2
Number of 12mm dia bars = Nos.
Provide 3-T12 Links @ 76mm c/c
For strup o-p
Angle between the strut axis and reinforcing bars, =
1
= deg.
Required reinforcement ratio,
required
= 0.003/ sin 54.93 =
Distributing the bars in 2/3 d, A
s,req
= 0.0037400 2/3 400 =
Number of 12mm dia bars = Nos.
Provide 2-T Links @ 113mm c/c
By comparison, strut n-p is critical.
Provide 3-T12 Links @ 76mm c/c
Provide 3-T12 Links @
76mm c/c
0.69%
12
625.6
5.532
54.93
0.37%
394.7
3.49
20.4
19.12
Job Number
Rev.
4 4
Checker Date
HP Sep-14
195 249.5
Calculations Output
0.003
25.59
Corbel as per ACI 318M-08(WIP - HP).xlsx | 23-09-2014 13:18