Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Department of Computer Engineering, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Karve Nagar, Pune, India
2
3
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Karve Nagar, Pune,
India
1
anjalm@gmail.com , 2svtikhe@rediffmail.com, 3sd_bhide@hotmail.com
Abstract- Digital radiography is the latest advancement in dental given task there is some image processing operation improving
imaging. It is more comfortable in terms of technique and diagnostic efficiency.
interpretation. Dynamic appearance of digital radiograph is The true opportunity offered by digital imaging and
supportive for image analysis and enhancements like image computer-aided diagnosis is development of tools that add value
sharpening, coloring, contrast and density adjustments, depending to manage image data for solving diagnostic problems. It is
on the diagnostic task. The objective of the paper is to study use
histogram equalization to enhance the digital radiographs for important that these soft tools should be simple to use by the
classifying assessment of various problems in dental care. dental surgeon and aid in patient’s education and motivation.
Various commercial soft tools are available to support image
Keywords - Digital radiology, dental care, image processing enhancements in accurate dental diagnosis. It is interesting to
techniques, histogram equalization, image filtering. find why digital radiography is more accepted advancement in
dental field over conventional radiography. Understanding of
I. INTRODUCTION anatomy of the teeth and commonly found dental diseases
Traditionally, dental surgeons and clinicians have been using according to dental clinicians and surgeons help to find
x-ray imaging for identifications of varied dental deformities for diagnostic applicability. The paper gives information about exact
diagnosis and its line of treatment. The x-ray method - despite its place of image enhancements in frequency domain pertaining to
health hazards has been a relatively simple and low cost method. image processing. As enhancements are task specific, major
New alternative to x-ray imaging – a digital radiography has challenge for doctors is to get expertise in the software to make
become already available where dental image is obtained directly decision to select proper enhancement for a disease which will
on computer screen. Dynamic appearance of digital radiograph is give better visual effect. The focus is on study of frequency
supportive for image analysis and enhancements like image response of a two dimensional image signal for routine dental
sharpening, coloring, contrast and density adjustments, diseases.
depending on the diagnostic task. This helps in accurate and
faster diagnosis. Digital image enhancement techniques when
applied to digital radiograph in dentistry provide improvement in
the visual quality of diagnostic images in various branches of
dentistry, like conservative dentistry (endodontic), pediatric
dentistry, periodontics, maxillofacial surgery, etc. Several studies
have shown that various digital image enhancements increase
diagnostic accuracy in the detection and monitoring of lesions [1,
2, 3, 4, 5] and estimation of lesion depth and improve detection of
thin file tips in root canal treatment [6]. Improvement can also be
found in analysis of gum diseases, finding deformity of head-
neck-face, enhancing features of trauma to facial bone, finding
progress in cancer of oral region and deciding treatment
involving dental diseases of children. Image enhancements like
digital contrast enhancement and filtering, modify attributes of an Fig. 1: Tooth anatomy
image to make it more suitable for a given task and to a specific
observer. It is undisputed that diagnostic impact depends on the
task at hand, the quality of source data, and the kind of image
processing applied. However, this does not imply that for any
M-1 N-1
F(x,y)= Σ Σ f(u,v) e j2Π(ux/M + vy/N)
u=0 v=0
II. METHOD
MatLab 6.5 software was used to process digital radiographic
images showing common diseases. Various filters like Gaussian
low pass, Gaussian high pass, and histogram equalization
methods were used to study images in frequency domain.
Fig 9: a: Original image showing root canal procedure, b: Image after Histogram equalization, high pass and low pass filter were
histogram equalization in frequency domain applied on images showing caries, bone loss, periapical lesions,
impacted teeth, root canal treatment and images with implants.
[12]. Visual representation of images before and after applying
functions was shown to dental clinicians for their judgment.
III. RESULTS