6.32 We are looking at the probability that more than 175 passengers will show up.

This can be
solved as a binomial distribution problem. Consider success that a passenger shows up, so p=0.95.
We then want more than 175 successes out of 180 trials.

n 180
180!
180 179 178 177 176!

=
=
= 42.297 10 6
176! x 4!
r 176 176! x 4!
n 180
180!
180 179 178 177!

=
=
= 955,860
177! x 3!
r 177 176! x 3!
n 180
180!
180 179 178!

=
=
= 16110
178! x 2!
r 178 178! x 2!
n 180
180!
180 179!

=
=
= 180
179! x1!
r 179 179! x1!
n 180
180!

=
=1
r 180 180! x 0!
P (176) = 42.297 10 6 x 0.95176 (1 0.95) 4 = 0.03174
P (177) = 955860x 0.95177 (1 0.95)3 = 0.01363
P (178) = 16110x 0.95178 (1 0.95) 2 = 0.004363
P (179) = 180 x 0.95179 (1 0.95)1 = 0.0009263
P (180) = 1x 0.95180 (1 0.95)0 = 0.00009778
P(r>175) = P(176)+ P(177)+ P(178)+ P(179)+ P(180) =
0.03174+0.01363+0.004363+0.0009263+0.00009778 = 0.0508
6.36 This is a Poisson distribution. The expected number of crashes, , is (1/3)5=1.666. Then,
P (0) = e 1.666 1.666 0 / 0! = 0.189
6.40 Poisson distribution. The average value of customers in that 1 hour is 20 = .
(a) P (25) = e 20 20 25 / 25! = 0.0446
(b)P(20 to 25) = P(20)+ P(21)+ P(22)+ P(23)+ P(24)+ P(25)=0.0888+0.0846+0.0769+0.0669+.0557 =
0.417558
10
(c)P(10 or less) = i =0 P ( i ) = 0.010812
(d) P(x>10) = 1 P(x10) = 1 0.010812 = 0.989
6.44
The area from 110 to 110.5 is 0.25. From Table 6.3, z =
0.67

0.67 =

110.5 110

, = 0.75

Probability of error greater than 1 Volts:

111 110
z=
= 1.33
0.75
From the normal distribution curve(Table 6.3) for

z = 1.33 P(z) = 0.4082

for error greater than 111 or less than 109 (1101)
we will have:
P ( z ) = 2 (0.5 0.4082) = 0.1836 18.36%

6.48
a)

From Table 6.3 for area0.4; z = 1.28

x 10000
1.28 =
500
x = 9,360 hrs

= 200

40%

10%

1000

b)

z1 =

7000 10000
= 6 area = 0.5( fromTable6.3)
500

z2 =

10000 10000
= 0 area = 0
500

0.5 + 0 = 0.5
50% or1000bulbswill fail

6.49 Normal distribution problem.

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7.85

f(x)

(a) The probability of the weight being less than 7.9 is

the area
under the curve to the left of x = 7.9. For this value of x,
z = ( x ) / = (7.9 8.05 ) / .05 = 3.0 . From the nomral
distribution table, for z = 3.0, the area under the curve
(from the
mean to the value of interest) is 0.4987. The area to the left of x = 7.9 is thus 0.5 0.4987 = 0.0013.
So 0.13% of the cans will be rejected.
(b) For this case, z = ( x ) / = (7.9 8.00 ) / .05 = 2.0 . For this value of z, the area under the
normal distribution curve from the mean to x=7.9 is 0.4772. So the area to the left of 7.9 is 0.5
0.4772 = 0.0228. 2.28% of the cans will be rejected.
(c) for this case, z = ( x ) / = (7.9 8.05 ) / .03 = 5 The table does not give a value for z this high
but for 4.9, it is given as 0.5. So the area to the left of 7.9 is 0.5 0.5 = 0. For this z value the number
of rejected cans is negligible. (actually 3x10-5%.
7.9

7.95

8.05

8.1

8.15

8.2

8.25

6.50 (a) A 2 tolerance means that values greater than z = 2 or less than z =-2. For z = 2.0, the
value from the normal distribution table is 0.4772 . The right hand tail area (for z>2) is 0.5 0.4772 =
0.0228 The left hand tail has the same area. The probability of rejection is then 2x0.0228 = 0.0456 or
4.56%.
(b) This part is best solved using the binomial distribution. For 2 rejections, we define success as a
rejection. Then for 2 rejections, r = 2, n=20 and p = 0.056. The probability of 2 rejected parts is then
0.1705. Similarly, for r = 4 and r = 10 we get 0.0099 and 4.5x10-9 respectively.