International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management Education

Website: www.ijeee.in (ISSN: 2348-4748, Volume 1, Issue 8, August 2014)

55

Method for reducing network traffic over low
bandwidth network file system

Mohammed Issaq Vangipuram Sravan Kiran
M.Tech Scholar M.Tech(CSE), Assistant Professor
Dept of CSE Dept of CSE
TITS, JNTUH, AP, India TITS, JNTUH, AP, India
issaqashu786@gmail.com shravankiran12@gmail.com

Abstract: The main aim of this project is PACK supported a
completely unique TRE technique, that permits the consumer to
use recently received chunks to spot antecedently received chunk
chains, that successively is used as reliable predictors to future
transmitted chunks. Cloud computing offers its customers a
cheap and convenient pay-as-you-go service model, noted
conjointly as usage-based evaluation. Cloud customers1 pay just
for the particular use of computing resources, storage, and
information measure, consistent with their ever-changing desires,
utilizing the clouds ascendable and elastic process capabilities.
above all, knowledge transfer prices (i.e., bandwidth) is a crucial
issue once attempting to reduce prices. The cloud customers,
applying a considered use of the clouds resources, area unit
motivated to use varied traffic reduction techniques, above all
traffic redundancy elimination (TRE), for reducing information
measure prices.

Key Words: TRE, PACK, Cloud, TCP, TPA

1. INTRODUCTION

In this paper, we tend to gift PACK (Predictive ACKs), a
completely unique end-to-end traffic redundancy elimination
(TRE) system, designed for cloud computing customers.
Cloud-based TRE has to apply a considered use of cloud
resources so the information measure value reduction
combined with the extra value of TRE computation and
storage would be optimized. PACKs main advantage is its
capability of offloading the cloud-server TRE effort to finish
purchasers, so minimizing the process prices induced by the
TRE algorithmic program. not like previous solutions, PACK
doesn't need the server to endlessly maintain clients standing.
This makes PACK terribly appropriate for pervasive
computation environments that mix consumer quality and
server migration to keep up cloud snap. PACK is predicated
on a completely unique TRE technique, that permits the
consumer to use recently received chunks to spot antecedently
received chunk chains, that successively is used as reliable
predictors to future transmitted chunks. we tend to gift a
completely practical PACK implementation, clear to any or all
TCP-based applications and network devices. Finally, we tend
to analyze PACK advantages for cloud users, victimization
traffic traces from varied sources.

Traffic redundancy stems from common end-users activities,
like repeatedly accessing, downloading, uploading (i.e.,
backup), distributing, and modifying identical or similar info
things (documents, data, Web, and video). TRE is employed to
eliminate the transmission of redundant content and, therefore,
to considerably cut back the network value. In commonest
TRE solutions, each the sender and therefore the receiver
examine and compare signatures of knowledge chunks, parsed
consistent with the information content, before their
transmission. Once redundant chunks area unit detected, the
sender replaces the transmission of every redundant chunk
with its sturdy signature. Business TRE solutions area unit
fashionable at enterprise networks, and involve the preparation
of 2 or a lot of proprietary-protocol, state synchronous middle-
boxes at each the computer network entry points of knowledge
centers and branch offices, eliminating repetitive traffic
between them. We tend to gift a completely unique receiver-
based end-to-end TRE answer that depends on the ability of
predictions to eliminate redundant traffic between the cloud
and its end-users.

2. PROPOSED SYSTEM

In this paper, we tend to gift a completely unique receiver-
based end-to-end TRE answer that depends on the ability of
predictions to eliminate redundant traffic between the cloud
and its end-users. during this answer, every receiver observes
the incoming stream and tries to match its chunks with a
antecedently received chunk chain or a bit chain of an area
file. victimization the long-run chunks data info unbroken
domestically, the receiver sends to the server predictions that
embrace chunks signatures and easy-to-verify hints of the
senders future knowledge. On the receiver aspect, we tend to
propose a replacement computationally light-weight
unitization (fingerprinting) theme termed PACK unitization.
PACK unitization may be a new various for Rabin procedure
historically employed by RE applications.

Cloud computing offers its customers a cheap and convenient
pay-as-you-go service model, noted conjointly as usage-based
evaluation. Cloud customers1 pay just for the particular use of
computing resources, storage, and information measure,
consistent with their ever-changing desires, utilizing the
clouds ascendable and elastic process capabilities. above all,
knowledge transfer prices (i.e., bandwidth) is a crucial issue
once attempting to reduce prices. The cloud customers,
applying a considered use of the clouds resources, area unit
motivated to use varied traffic reduction techniques, above all


International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management Education
Website: www.ijeee.in (ISSN: 2348-4748, Volume 1, Issue 8, August 2014)

56

traffic redundancy elimination (TRE), for reducing
information measure prices. The main aim of this project is
PACK supported a completely unique TRE technique, that
permits the consumer to use recently received chunks to spot
antecedently received chunk chains, that successively is used
as reliable predictors to future transmitted chunks.

Advantages of Planned System:

Our approach will reach processing speeds over3 Gb/s, a
minimum of 2 hundredth quicker than Rabin procedure.
The receiver-based TRE answer addresses quality issues
common to quasi-mobile desktop/ laptops process
environments.
One of them is cloud snap thanks to that the servers area
unit dynamically settled round the federate cloud, so
inflicting purchasers to act with multiple ever-changing
servers.
We enforced, tested, and performed realistic experiments
with PACK inside a cloud surroundings. Our
experiments demonstrate a cloud value reduction
achieved at an inexpensive consumer effort whereas
gaining further information measure savings at the
consumer aspect.
Our implementation utilizes the TCP choices field,
supporting all TCP-based applications like net, video
streaming, P2P, e-mail, etc.
We demonstrate that our answer achieves half-hour
redundancy elimination while not considerably poignant
the process effort of the sender, leading to a 2 hundredth
reduction of the general value to the cloud client.

3. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Cloud Computing is that the long unreal vision of computing
as a utility, wherever users will remotely store their
knowledge into the cloud thus on get pleasure from the on-
demand top quality applications and services from a shared
pool of configurable computing resources. By knowledge
outsourcing, users is mitigated from the burden of native
knowledge storage and maintenance. However, the actual fact
that users now not have physical possession of the probably
massive size of outsourced knowledge makes the information
integrity protection in Cloud Computing a awfully difficult
and doubtless formidable task, particularly for users with
unnatural computing resources and capabilities. Thus,
facultative public auditability for cloud knowledge storage
security is of vital importance so users will resort to associate
degree external audit party to ascertain the integrity of
outsourced knowledge once required. To firmly introduce an
efficient Third Party Auditor (TPA), the subsequent 2
elementary necessities got to be met:

1. TPA ought to be ready to expeditiously audit the cloud
knowledge storage while not hard to please the native
copy of knowledge, and introduce no further on-line
burden to the cloud user.
2. The Third Party Auditing method ought to herald no new
vulnerabilities towards user knowledge privacy. During
this paper we tend to area unit extending the previous
system by victimization automatic blocker for privacy
protective public auditing for knowledge storage security
in cloud computing. We tend to utilize the general public
key primarily based homomorphic critic and
unambiguously integrate it with random mask technique
and automatic blocker. To attain a privacy-preserving
public auditing system for cloud knowledge storage
security whereas keeping all on top of necessities in
mind. Intensive security and performance analysis shows
the planned schemes area unit demonstrably secure and
extremely economical.


Fig.1. Functional Requirements

4. NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

To modify privacy-preserving public auditing for cloud
knowledge storage beneath the same model, our protocol style
ought to come through the subsequent security and
performance guarantee:

1. Public auditability: to permit TPA to verify the
correctness of the cloud knowledge on demand while not
retrieving a duplicate of the entire knowledge or
introducing further on-line burden to the cloud users.
2. Storage correctness: to confirm that there exists no
cheating cloud server which will pass the audit from
TPA while not so storing users knowledge intact.
3. Privacy-preserving: to confirm that there exists no
method for TPA to derive users knowledge content from
the data collected throughout the
4. auditing method.
5. Batch auditing: to modify TPA with secure and
economical auditing capability to address multiple
auditing delegations from probably sizable amount of
various users at the same time.
6. Lightweight: to permit TPA to perform auditing with
minimum communication and computation overhead.


International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management Education
Website: www.ijeee.in (ISSN: 2348-4748, Volume 1, Issue 8, August 2014)

57


Fig.2. Non Functional Requirements

5. IMPLEMENTATION

5.1. Receiver Chunk Store: PACK uses a replacement
chains theme. that chunks area unit connected to alternative
chunks consistent with their last received order. The PACK
receiver maintains a bit store, that may be a massive size
cache of chunks and their associated data. Chunks data
includes the chunks signature and a (single) pointer to the
ordered chunk within the last received stream containing this
chunk. Caching and compartmentalisation techniques area unit
used to expeditiously maintain and retrieve the keep chunks,
their signatures, and therefore the chains fashioned by
traversing the chunk pointers. When the new knowledge area
unit received and parsed to chunks, the receiver computes
every chunks signature victimization SHA-1. At now, the
chunk and its signature area unit another to the chunk store.
Additionally, the data of the antecedently received chunk
within the same stream is updated to purpose to this chunk.
The unsynchronised nature of PACK permits the receiver to
map every existing move into the native classification system
to a sequence of chunks, saving within the chunk store solely
the data related to the chunks.

5.2. Receiver Algorithm: Upon the arrival of recent
knowledge, the receiver computes the various signature for
every chunk and appears for a match in its native chunk store.
If the chunks signature is found, the receiver determines
whether or not it's a vicinity of a at one time received chain,
victimization the chunks data. If affirmative, the receiver
sends a prediction to the sender for many next expected chain
chunks. Upon a victorious prediction, the sender responds
with a PRED-ACK confirmation message. Once the PRED-
ACK message is received and processed, the receiver copies
the corresponding knowledge from the chunk store to its TCP
input buffers, inserting it consistent with the corresponding
sequence numbers. At now, the receiver sends a traditional
TCP ACK with succeeding expected TCP sequence variety.
just in case the prediction is fake, or one or a lot of foreseen
chunks area unit already sent, the sender continues with
traditional operation, e.g., causing the data, while not causing
a PRED-ACK message.
5.3. Sender Algorithm: When a sender receives a PRED
message from the receiver, it tries to match the received
predictions to its buffered (yet to be sent) knowledge. for
every prediction, the sender determines the corresponding
TCP sequence vary and verifies the hint. Upon a touch match,
the sender calculates the a lot of computationally intensive
SHA-1 signature for the expected knowledge vary and
compares the result to the signature received within the PRED
message. Note that just in case the hint doesn't match, a
computationally expansive operation is saved. If the 2 SHA-1
signatures match, the sender will safely assume that the
receivers prediction is correct. during this case, it replaces the
corresponding outgoing buffered knowledge with a PRED-
ACK message.

5.4. Wire Protocol: The existing firewalls and minimizes
overheads; we tend to use the TCP choices field to hold the
PACK wire protocol. it's clear that PACK may also be
enforced on top of the management protocol TCP protocol
communications protocol} level whereas victimization similar
message sorts and control fields. The PACK wire protocol
operates beneath the idea that the information is redundant.
First, either side modify the PACK possibility throughout the
initial TCP acknowledgment by adding a PACK allowable to
the TCP choices field. Then, the sender sends the (redundant)
knowledge in one or a lot of TCP segments, and therefore the
receiver identifies that a presently received chunk is the image
of a bit in its chunk store. The receiver, in turn, triggers a TCP
ACK message and includes the prediction within the packets
choices field. Last, the sender sends a confirmation message
(PRED-ACK) exchange the particular knowledge.

6. INPUT DESIGN

The input style is that the link between the data system and
therefore the user. It includes the developing specification and
procedures for knowledge preparation individuals} steps area
unit necessary to place group action knowledge in to a usable
type for process is achieved by inspecting the pc to scan
knowledge from a written or written document or it will occur
by having people keying the information directly into the
system. the planning of input focuses on dominant the number
of input needed, dominant the errors, avoiding delay, avoiding
further steps and keeping the method straightforward. The
input is intended in such the way so it provides security and
simple use with holding the privacy. Input style thought-about
the subsequent things:

What knowledge ought to be as input?
However the information ought to be organized or
coded?
The dialog to guide the operative personnel in providing
input.
Methods for getting ready input validations and steps to
follow once error occur.




International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management Education
Website: www.ijeee.in (ISSN: 2348-4748, Volume 1, Issue 8, August 2014)

58

Objectives

1. Input style is that the method of changing a user-oriented
description of the input into a computer-based system.
This style is very important to avoid errors within the
knowledge input method and show the proper direction
to the management for obtaining correct info from the
processed system.
2. it's achieved by making easy screens for the information
entry to handle massive volume of knowledge. The goal
of planning input is to create knowledge entry easier and
to be free from errors. the information entry screen is
intended in such the way that every one the information
manipulates is performed. It conjointly provides record
viewing facilities.
3. When the information is entered it'll check for its
validity. knowledge is entered with the assistance of
screens. applicable messages area unit provided as once
required so the user
4. Wont be in maize of instant. so the target of input style
is to form associate degree input layout that's
straightforward to follow

7. OUTPUT DESIGN

A quality output is one that meets the necessities of the top
user and presents the data clearly. In any system results of
process area unit communicated to the users and to alternative
system through outputs. In output style it's determined
however the data is to be displaced for immediate would like
and conjointly the text output. it's the foremost necessary and
direct supply info to the user. economical and intelligent
output style improves the systems relationship to assist user
decision-making.

1. planning pc output ought to proceed in associate degree
organized, well thought out manner; the proper output
should be developed whereas guaranteeing that every
output component is intended so individuals can realize
the system will use simply and effectively. once analysis
style pc output, they must establish the particular output
that's required to satisfy the necessities.
2. Select strategies for presenting info.
3. Create document, report, or alternative formats that
contain info made by the system.

The output variety of associate degree data system ought to
accomplish one or a lot of of the subsequent objectives.

Convey info regarding past activities, current standing or
projections of the
Future.
Signal necessary events, opportunities, problems, or
warnings.
Trigger associate degree action.
Confirm associate degree action.

8. CONCLUSION

Cloud computing is anticipated to trigger high demand for
TRE solutions because the quantity of knowledge changed
between the cloud and its users is anticipated to dramatically
increase. The cloud atmosphere redefines the TRE system
necessities, creating proprietary middle-box solutions
inadequate. Consequently, there's a rising would like for a
TRE resolution that reduces the clouds operational value
whereas accounting for application latencies, user quality, and
cloud physical property.

REFERENCES

[1]. E. Zohar, I. Cidon, and O. Mokryn, The power of prediction: Cloud
bandwidth and cost reduction, in Proc. SIGCOMM, 2011, pp. 8697.
[2]. M. Armbrust, A. Fox, R. Griffith, A. D. Joseph,R.Katz, A. Konwinski,
G. Lee, D. Patterson, A. Rabkin, I. Stoica, and M. Zaharia, A view of
cloud computing, Commun. ACM, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 5058, 2010.
[3]. U. Manber, Finding similar files in a large file system, in Proc.
USENIX Winter Tech. Conf., 1994, pp. 110.
[4]. N. T. Spring and D. Wetherall, A protocol-independent technique for
eliminating redundant network traffic, in Proc. SIGCOMM, 2000, vol.
30, pp. 8795.
[5]. A. Muthitacharoen, B. Chen, and D. Mazires, A low-bandwidth
network file system, in Proc. SOSP, 2001, pp. 174187.
[6]. E. Lev-Ran, I. Cidon, and I. Z. Ben-Shaul, Method and apparatus for
reducing network traffic over low bandwidth links, US Patent
7636767, Nov. 2009.
[7]. S.Mccanne andM. Demmer, Content-based segmentation scheme for
data compression in storage and transmission including hierarchical
segment representation, US Patent 6828925, Dec. 2004.
[8]. R. Williams, Method for partitioning a block of data into subblocks
and for storing and communicating such subblocks, US Patent
5990810, Nov. 1999.
[9]. Juniper Networks, Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Application acceleration,
1996 [Online]. Available: http://www.juniper.net/us/en/products-
services/application-acceleration/
[10]. Blue Coat Systems, Sunnyvale, CA, USA, MACH5, 1996 [Online].
Available: http://www.bluecoat.com/products/mach5

About the authors:

Mohammed Issaq pursuing hisM.Tech in
Turbo Machinery Institute of Technology &
sciences,JNTU Hyd. He was completed his
B. Tech at HI point college of engineering,
Moinabad,RRunder JNTUH in the year
2011. He is now M.Tech scholar inTurbo
Machinery Institute of Technology &
Sciences ,JNTU Hyderabad.

VangipuramSravanKiranh as obtained his
M. Tech. at Ramappa engineering college,
Warangal, JNTU HYD. He is anAssistant
Professor in Turbo Machinery Institute of
Technology & Sciences,JNTU
Hyderabad.His area of research isneural
networks and Data Mining. He published
couple of papers in image mining.