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Double Router Forwarding
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We have FREE software that will automatically detect if you are in a double router setup. Go
here to learn more.
If you have not read our What is Port Forwarding page, now would be a good time to do so. It
presents fundamental port forwarding concepts and will mae understanding this guide easier.
!y aim is to eep this guide as simple as possible, while still providing you with the
information you need to now.
As you can imagine, port forwarding through two routers is a bit more comple" than port
forwarding through one router. #elow is a diagram of a double routed networ.
Important Things to Notice:
#oth $Router %&$ and $Router %'$ have TWO IP addresses( an Internal IP address
and an Eternal IP address.
)here are TWO !ANs *+ocal ,rea -etwors..
)here are TWO WANs *Wide ,rea -etwors.. If there is a +,- then there is an
accompanying W,-.
-ow that we have identified these things we can go on to learn how they affect us.
Networ" Address Translation
For the sae of readability, from now on I will refer to #Router $%# and #Router $&# as
#R%# and #R&# respectively.
Every router does NAT *-etwor ,ddress )ranslation., and has both an internal IP address
and an e"ternal IP address. )he e"ternal IP address is the one that connects that router to the
W,- *Wide ,rea -etwor.. /sually the W,- is the Internet. )he internal IP address
connects the router to the internal networ. 0ur networ here is a bit more comple" than the
basic networ.
R&1s e"ternal IP address connects R& to the Internet, 2ust lie any other networ. R& also has
an internal IP address which provides -,) to the internal +,-& networ below it. )he only
thing connected to +,-& is the router R'. R' connects to +,-& with an e"ternal IP address.
-otice that R'1s e"ternal IP address does not connect to the internet, but to another private
networ. ,nother way to say that is, R'1s W,- IP address is e"ternal to R' but internal to R&.
R' then provides -,) to the +,-' networ below it. R' provides -,) through its internal
IP address. )he computers then connect to +,-' and receive data from R'.
+et1s assign IP addresses to everything, and see how it would loo.
-otice that the IP addresses that e"ist on +,-& differ from the IP addresses on +,-'. )he IP
addresses that are on +,-& are &3'.&45.&.& and &3'.&45.&.6. )he IP addresses that are on
+,-' are &7.7.7.& and &7.7.7.&6. 8ere is another diagram to help show the networ
divisions9
'on(igure )ort Forwards
0ay enough idle chatter. +et1s tal about how to forward ports through this networ.
*tep %
We want to forward ports from the W,- of R& to a computer connected to +,-'. )o do this
we need to forward the ports in R& to R'1s e"ternal IP address. In this e"ample we would log
into R& and forward ports to &3'.&45.&.6.
Note: In order to connect to R&1s web interface one will probably have to plug a computer
directly into R& and establish a connection on +,-&.
*tep &
)he ne"t step is to forward ports from R' to the proper networ device whether it be a
computer, :#0:, or P;<. *)he Proper networ device is the device on which you run the
program for which you are forwarding ports.. In our e"ample we would log into R', and then
forward ports to &7.7.7.&6.
If you are having trouble forwarding ports or 2ust don1t want to deal with the hassle of doing it
manually, chec out )F'on(ig( a software tool that automatically forwards your ports.
*tatic I) Addresses
=ou have now set up port forwards in your double router networ and everything is woring
without a hitch. )hat1s great, but if you have not configured static IP addresses for the networ
devices for which you have forwarded ports then your port forwarding settings are 2ust
waiting to brea. When your port forward settings stop woring, the most liely cause is that
the networ device for with you have forwarded ports has obtained a different internal IP
address than the internal IP address that it had when you originally configured your port
forward settings. )he result is that your ports are no longer forwarded to the correct IP
address.
+ow do I stop m, port (orward settings (rom brea"ing-
*tatic I) addresses allow you to assign an IP address to a networ device and ensure that its
IP address does not change.
)he networ devices for which ports are being forwarded need to have a static IP address. If a
device does not have a static IP address, then it has a dynamic IP address. >ynamic IP
addresses can?will change. ,s stated earlier, if the IP address of a networ device for which
ports you1ve forwarded ports changes, the ports will not be forwarded to the correct place. ;o
it is important to setup a static IP address on the networ devices for which you intend to
forward ports.
)he same applies to R' in our e"ample. R'1s e"ternal IP address should really be static. )his
is not too big of a problem if R' is the only networ device connected to +,-&. If R' is the
only device on +,-&, it is unliely that its IP address will change. If you have other devices
on +,-&, you really need to setup a static IP address on R'. =ou would mae configurations
for a static IP address in the W,- section of R'.
For more information on how to set up static IP addresses clic here. We even offer Free
*o(tware to aide in setting up static IP addresses called )F *etup *tatic I) Address.
---,,, -(IN IN./ ,,,---
INT0RN(L IP address1 "#$"%&020
R/3T0R+ IP (ddress1 "#$"%&0"
04T0RN(L IP address1 #4$2034$"4
---,,, /T50R IN./ ,,,---
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*56P1
Primar8 WIN+1
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IP!4 (ddress 1 "#$"%&020
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6onne'tion-spe'i<' *N+ +>@A 1
IP!% (ddress 1 $00"101#d3&1%abd1302:14#d13B2:1E'd
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*eBa>lt Gate=a8 1 11
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