B.

Sc Electrical Engineering Final year Project Synopsis

Title
Control Strategy of Three-phase, Four-wire UPQC for
Power Quality Improvement
SUBMITTED BY:
Iftikhar Manzoor
Manzoor Hussain
Babar Hussain
Qaisar Raza

10-EL-13
10-EL-50
10-EL-40
10-EL-86

REGISTRATION NO:
2010-UET-IEFR/fd-ELECT-12
2010-UET-IEFR/fd-ELECT-48
2010-UET-IEFR/fd-ELECT-38
2010-UET-IEFR/fd-ELECT-83

CELL #
+92-320-4558505
+92-341-2070672
+92-344-5177876
+92-312-9596979

SUPERVISOR:

Sir Touseef Abid

Email:
Iftikharr.manzoor@outlook.com
Manzoorelahi50@yahoo.com
Menter86@live.com
Qaisar.mast@yahoo.com
NFC INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND FERTILIZER RESEARCH

Title:
Control Strategy of Three-phase, Four-wire UPQC for Power Quality
Improvement
Abstract:
This project deals with conceptual study of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) during voltage
sag and swell on the power distribution network and researches profoundly on the coordinated control
of UPQC (Unified Power Quality Conditioner). By analyzing the radical reasons of coupling effect
between UPQC series unit and shunt unit, a simple and practical coordinated control strategy for
UPQC series unit and shunt unit is proposed. Therefore, the complex degree of the whole UPQC
control system is simplified greatly.
The coordinated control between UPQC series unit and shunt unit is implemented by the proposed
strategy. Finally, the unified power quality multi-function control of UPQC is achieved. Based on
injected voltage phase angle with respect to the utility or PCC voltage phase angle, thus the UPQC
can work in zero active power consumption mode, active power absorption mode and active power
delivering mode. The series active power filter (APF) part of UPQC works in active power delivering
mode and absorption mode during voltage sag and swell condition, respectively. The shunt APF part
of UPQC during these conditions helps series APF by maintaining dc link voltage at constant level.
This project introduces a new concept of optimal utilization of a UPQC. The series inverter of UPQC
is controlled to perform simultaneous
1) Voltage sag/swell compensation and
2) Load reactive power sharing with the shunt inverter.
The active power control approach is used to compensate voltage sag/swell and is integrated with
theory of power angle control (PAC) of UPQC to coordinate the load reactive power between the two
inverters. The MATLAB / SIMULINK results are provided in order to verify the analysis. The author
presents results with balanced, unbalanced and nonlinear loads at load bus .

Introduction:
In recent years, Power engineers are increasingly concerned over the quality of the electrical power. In
modern industries, load equipment uses electronic controllers which are sensitive to poor voltage
quality and will shut down if the supply voltage is depressed and may mal-operate in other ways if
harmonic Distortion of the supply voltage is excessive. Most of this modern load equipment uses
electronic switching devices which can contribute to poor network voltage quality. The competition in
electrical energy supply has created greater commercial awareness of the issues of power quality
while equipment is readily available to measure the quality of the voltage waveform and so quantify
the problem.
Along with advance technology, the organization of the worldwide economy has evolved towards
globalization and the profit margins of many activities tend to decrease. The increased sensitivity of
the vast majority of processes like (industrial, services and even residential) to PQ problems turn the
availability of electric power with quality a crucial factor for competitiveness in every sector. The
continuous process industry and the information technology services are most critical area. Due to
disturbance, a huge amount of financial losses may happen, with the consequent loss of productivity
and competitiveness. Many efforts have been taken by utilities to fulfill consumer requirement, some
consumers require a higher level of power quality than the level provided by modern electric
networks. This implies that some measures must be taken so that higher levels of Power Quality can
be obtained.

The FACTS devices and Custom power devices are introduced to electrical system to improve the
power quality of the electrical power. DVR, DSTATCOM, ACTIVE FILTERs, UPQC etc are some of
the devices used to improve the power quality of the voltage and current. With the help of these
devices we are capable to reduce the problems related to power quality.
Although all devices can improve the power quality but in this the focus is on UPQC.UPQC is a
power electronic device consisting of both DVR and D-STATCOM, former is connected in series and
latter is connected in parallel to protect the sensitive load from all disturbances.
THE MAIN POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS IN THREE-PHASE, FOUR-WIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS ARE

poor voltage regulation,

high reactive power demand,

harmonics current Burden,

load unbalancing,

excessive neutral current, voltage harmonics,

Voltage sags and swells.

Effects of Power Quality Problems.

The quality degradation leads to
low power factor,
low Efficiency,
overheating of transformers and so on.
Moreover, in case of the Distribution system, the overall load on the system is hardly balanced,
causing Excessive neutral currents in a three- phase, four-wire distribution system. Overheating of the
neutral conductor occurs because of the fundamental and high-frequency contents in the neutral
current.

Solution to Problem
The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is one of the best solutions to compensate both
current- and voltage-related problems simultaneously. As the UPQC is a combination of series and
shunt active power filters (APFs), two APFs have different functions. The series APF filter
suppresses and isolates voltage-based distortions, whereas the shunt APF cancels current-based
distortions. At the same time, the shunt APF compensates for the reactive current of the load and
improves power factor. Furthermore, the proposed strategy treats the UPQC as a two input- twooutput system directly, rather than two single-input single- output systems as in some other methods.
Thus, this will provide a more effective coordination of the two control variables. Harmonics
Compensation in the Supply Voltage and Load Current with Power Factor Correction at the Supply
Side can be done.

Circuit Diagram

INTENDED RESULTS AND APPLICATIONS

Improve poor voltage regulation.

Provide high reactive power demand.
Decrease Harmonics current burden.
Load unbalancing.
Decrease excessive neutral current.
Remove Voltage harmonics.
Remove Voltage sags and swells.
Improve power factor, efficiency, decrease overheating of transformers

The performance of the UPQC is satisfactory in various power quality improvements, such as
load balancing, neutral source current mitigation, power- factor correction, voltage harmonics
mitigation, and current harmonic mitigation. Supply currents and load voltage harmonic
levels are maintained below IEEE-519 standards under all conditions. The computational
delay is reduced by indirectly controlling the three-phase supply currents/voltages. Moreover,
the load and APF neutral currents are not sensed; hence, the number of current sensors is
reduced.

Time Schedule:
Phase

Sr.
No.
1

Task
Study

Expected Duration
(weeks)
5

Phase
1
Phase
2

Simulation

Fabrication and Presentation

12