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ions.
i) find the radius ratio of K
+
ion to Br
ion
ii) predict the shape of crystal geometry of KBr (5)
iii) draw a diagram indicating the arrangement of K
+
and Br
ions in the
crystal.
b) Write down Born-Haber cycle for the BaO crystal formation. Using it, obtain
an equation useful in calculating lattice energy of BaO crystal. (5)
Q.5 a) Draw Lewis structures of
4
PCl
ions and
6
PCl . Predict the
i) shapes of these ions using VSEPR theory and
ii) hybridization states of phosphorus atom in these two ions. (5)
b) Predict the bond lengths in the following molecule using hybridization
concept and Table 4.4:
CH C CH CH CH C H
2 3
(5)
Q.6 a) Using molecular orbital theory, draw the energy patterns of the following:
i) B
2
ii) O
2
Comments on the difference between the two patterns.
(5)
b) The three resonance structure of the anion formed by the ionization of
potassium cyanate are given in Sec. 4.5 of Unit 4.
i) Justify the charges indicated in each of its structures using the principles
of ionic bonding and formal charges.
ii) Write two possible representations for the following structure using a
coordinate bond in each case: (5)
..
..
..
..
N C : O
Q.7 a) i) The dipole moment of HBr is 2.602 10
-30
C m and its bond length is
141 pm. Calculate its percentage ionic character.
ii) Draw a rough sketch of total molar polarization versus 1/temperature
curve for CO
2
and SnCl
2
. (5)
b) i) Nitrogen dioxide can exist as both monomer and dimer. Based on
magnetic characteristics, how can you differentiate between the two?
ii) For 2, 3Dichlorobutane, draw the structures for the enatiomers and meso
forms. (5)
Q.8 a) Label each of the following as microwave active or microwave inactive:
i) CO
2
(Linear)
ii) SnCl
2
(Angular)
iii) CBr
4
(Tetrahedral) (5)
State the reason in each case.
b) The bond length of
1
H
127
I molecule in 163 pm. Calculate
i) moment of inertia and
ii) rotational constant (5)
Q.9 a) For hydrogen iodide,
1
H
127
I, force constant is 314 N m
-1
. Calculate the
fundamental frequency in cm
-1
unit for
i)
1
H
127
I
ii)
2
H
127
I
Hint: Assume that force constant does not change with isotopic substitution. (5)
b) i) Calculate the number of vibrational degrees of freedom for hydrogen
fluoride and chloroethene.
ii) For a compound, molar extinction coefficient is 215 m
2
mol
-1
at 255 nm.
What concentration of the compound in a solution will cause a 30%
decrease in the intensity of 255 nm radiation? The cell thickness is 0.01 m. (5)
Q.10 a) Calculate in J and MeV units the binding energy per nucleus and binding
energy per nucleon for F
19
9
.
Mass of proton = 1.00728 u
Mass of neutron = 1.00867 u
Actual atomic mass of u 18.99840 F
19
9
1 u = 931.9 Mev nucleus
-1
=1.49310
-10
J nucleus
-1
(5)
b) The half life of a radioactive element is 1620 years. Calculate the radioactive
decay constant. Out of 1 gram sample of the element, how much will remain
after 4860 years? (5)