OBTAINING A SHIP

OBTAINING A SHIP

S
S
POSITION
POSITION
Kolegij: ENGLESKI JEZIK II
Kolegij: ENGLESKI JEZIK II
Profesor: Bisera
Profesor: Bisera
Plan
Plan

i
i

Student
Student
: Denis
: Denis
Rin
Rin

i
i

Basic
Basic

Terms
Terms

ships positon

sextant angle land mark

point of intersection accurate fixing

navigator running fix line of position

true course hyperbolic navigation

variation phase comparison

deviation exact/accurate

bearing and distance peep vane

radar observation gyro error

azimuth circle estimated position

bearing circle track leg
Running fix
Running fix
When a ship is proceeding in sight of a coastline
navigator need to know her exact position. To obtain
position navigator need to observe all landmarks,
lighthouses,

bouys

etc. on the chart and take compass
bearing of suitable objects . After that he will transfer
them on the chart and the point of intersection of the
bearings will give the navigator the exact position, called
a fix.
Since all courses and bearings laid down on the chart
are true, bearings taken with the compass must be
corrected before being laid down on the chart,by

the
application of variation and deviation.
Modern navigation aids
Modern navigation aids

Modern navigation aids are :

RADAR

ARPA
Radar is an object-detection system
which uses

radio waves

to determine
the range, altitude, direction, or
speed of objects. It is vital part of
navigation in darkness or in fog,
enabling the navigator to see the
land and providing him with an
accurate bearing and distance of
landmarks which are marked on his
chart.
ARPA(
ARPA(
Automatic
Automatic

radar
radar
plotting
plotting

aid
aid
)
)

A

marine radar
with

automatic radar
plotting aid (ARPA)
capability can
create

tracks using
radar

contact. The system
can calculate the tracked
object's course, speed
and

closest point of

approach

(CPA), thereby
knowing if there is a danger
of collision with the other
ship or landmass.
Navigator
Navigator
M
M
ust
ust

not use buoys as marks to fix his ship
position unless there is no alternative (as
buoys can be dragged from their moorings)

whenever his ship is going underway,
navigator must lay down on his chart the plan
of the voyage

plot called a track (which he
will follow during the voyage)

lay down all the courses and analyse all
dangerous zones which are on the way (try to
avoid them if possible ).
References
References

Boris Pritchard: Maritime

English

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_rada

r_plotting_aid

http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar