Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
|
, where | is the thermal expansion coefficient; and are the
density and viscosity of air, respectively.
Note: The natural convection heat transfer for sphere is to be estimated by the following
Yuge correlation,
Nu
D
= 2 + 0.43 Ra
D
1/4
Give your brief answer here:
T
film
= (270+1300)/2 = 785K.
Ra = Gr Pr = 11423277 688 . 0 1030
3
2 . 0
6
10 015 . 2 Pr ) 270 1300 (
3
2
2
= ~ D
g
|
Nu
D
= 2 + 0.43 Ra
D
1/4
= 26.99
Q / A = h * AT = Nu (k/D) *AT = 26.99* (0.057/0.2)*(1300-270) = 7926 (W/m
2
).
Graders comments: Yan Wei-Cheng; email: yanwc@nus.edu.sg. Phone: 6516-1536,
Office: WS2-06-15.
Items Common mistakes
Question 1
Mathematical calculation mistakes and wrong equations are seen for some answers by
students.
Question 2
1. Mistakes due to wrong calculations of surface area and volume of sphere as well as
other calculation errors.
2. References to wrong Figures, such as Figure 18.3 (suitable for relative resistance ~ 0,
or T=Ts on the surface). In addition, if using Figure F9, details of extrapolation for
estimation should be provided, otherwise the stipulated values cannot be obtained for
this case.
3. Some students answer question b or provide wrong answers.
4. Some students used Eq. 18-9 to determine the time even though Bi is greater than
0.1.
5. Some students used the diameter as x1 by mistake. Actually, x1 represents the
radius.
Question 3 1. Some students are confused by the rate of heat transfer with heat flux
2. Some students took resistance of heat conduction into consideration as well although
the analysis was inaccurate.
3. Used thermal conductivity of iron to calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient
h. Actually, in the Yuge equation, thermal conductivity of air should be used.
4. Didnt calculate the film temperature.
5. Used film temperature as the surface temperature.
6. Didn't know how to calculate Ra.
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Total
Average 9.83 8.34 7.29 25.4
Standard Deviation 0.57 1.50 2.57 4.01