i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT




Alhamdulillah, a lot of praise and syukur to Allah. I wish to express my sincere
gratitude and appreciation to Puan Nazatul Shima binti Saad as my supervisor for the valuable
guidance and good advice. She inspired us greatly to work in this project. Her willingness to
motivate us to contributed tremendously to our project.

I wish to express my cordial gratitude to the all people who have played a crucial role in
the research for this project, without their active cooperation the preparation of this project could
not have been completed within the specified limit.

The next person I would like to acknowledge is my fellow friends who supported me
throughput this project utmost cooperation and patience.

Finally, an honorable mention goes to my family and friends for their understanding and
support on me in completing this project. Without helps of the particular that mentioned above, I
would face many difficulties while doing this project.









ii



APPROVAL AND DECLARATION SHEET


This project report entitled Automatic Light System using Arsduino was prepared and
submitted


By


Tg Muhammad Nazmi bin Tg Mohd Amran
112020630

has been found satisfactory in terms of scope, quality and presentation as partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the
Diploma Engineering (Computer Engineering)
in Universiti Malaysia Perlis
(UniMAP).


Checked and Approved by

______________________
(PUAN NAZATUL SYIMA BINTI SAAD)
Project Supervisor
School of Computer and Communication Engineering
Universiti Malaysia Perlis


September 2014
iii




SISTEM LAMPU AUTOMATIK MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO

ABSTRAK




Projek ini akan membentangkan reka bentuk, pembinaan, pembangunan, kawalan dan
penilaian sistem lampu automatik. Sistem lampu automatik tujuannya digunakan dari sekitar,
dikesan oleh sensor gerakan untuk menyimpan tujuan tenaga. LDR yang merasakan cahaya dari
sekitar dan hasilnya akan ditunjukkan pada LED. Fungsi PIR Sensor Gerakan untuk mengesan
gerakan dari sekitar . Sistem lampu automatik mengandungi gabungan sensor dengan integrasi
pengaturcaraan terkawal yang bermakna dalam kes ini menggunakan Arduino (ATmega 328)
sebagai pengawal utama. Projek ini juga memberi prestasi yang dijangkakan sistem cahaya
automatik, pembinaan perkakasan dan pembangunan perisian untuk mengumpul data prestasi.
Akhirnya, prestasi sistem ini akan dinilai dengan membandingkan data prestasi kepada teori.













iv


AUTOMATIC LIGHT SYTEM USING ARDUINO


ABSTRACT




This project will present the design, construction, development, control and evaluation of
an automatic light system. A automatic light system is a motion applied from surrounding,
sensed by motion sensor for saving energy purpose. The LDR sensed the light from surrounding
and the result will be shown on the LED. PIR Motion Sensor functions to sense the motion from
surrounding. This automatic light system contains combination of sensor with integration of
embedded controlled programming which means in this case using Arduino (ATmega 328) as
the main controller. This project also presents the expected performance of the automatic light
system, construction of hardware and software development to gather the performance data.
Finally, this system performance will be evaluated by comparing performance data to the
theoretical.














v




SUPERVISORS DECLARATION

I hereby declare that I have checked this project and in my opinion, this project is
adequate in terms of scope and quality Diploma Engineering (Computer Engineering) in
University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP).










Signature:
Name of Supervisor: PUAN NAZATUL SYIMA BINTI SAAD














vi




TABLE OF CONTENTS


ACKNOWLEDGMENT i
APPROVAL AND DECLARATION SHEET ii
ABSTRAK iii
ABSTRACT iv
SUPERVISORS DECLARATION v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Project Background
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Scope of Study
1.5 Summary by Chapter

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 3
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Arduino
2.3 Arduino C Language
2.4 Software used
2.4.1 Arduino IDE Software
2.5 Hardware Components
2.5.1 Arduino ATmega328
2.5.2 PIR Motion Sensor
2.5.3 LED
vii



CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 10
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Project Flow
3.2.1 Overall Project Flow
3.3 Project Planning
3.3.1 Project Planning using Software Management
3.3.2 Project Planning using Hardware Management
3.3.2.1 ATmega328
3.4 Block Diagram
3.4.1 Description of Block Diagram
3.4.1.1 Motion Sensor
3.4.1.2 Light Dependent Sensor (LDR)
3.4.1.3 Arduino
3.4.1.4 LED

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 21
4.1 Introduction
4.2 System Overview
4.3 Sensor
4.4 Discussion

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 25
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation for Improvement

REFERENCES 26


APPENDICES 27

viii




LIST OF TABLES


Table
2.1 Specification of Arduino Uno board 12
3.1 Balancing Power Consumption 16
4.1 Analysis Table 23






















ix




LIST OF FIGURES


FIGURES NO
2.1 Example of Arduino C Commands 5
2.2 Arduino IDE Software 6
2.3 Example Arduino Software in C language Help in Calculation of Multiply 7
2.4 Arduino Uno Development Board 8
2.5 PIR Motion Sensor 9
2.6 LED 9
3.1 Project Flow 11
3.2 Overall Project Flowchart 12
3.3 ATmega 328 15
3.4 Block Diagram of Project 17
3.5 The PIR (Passive Infra-Red) 18
3.4 The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) 18
3.7 The Arduino Board 19
3.8 The LED 20
4.1 Schematic Circuit of The Project 22
4.2 PIR Motion Sensor not detecting any motion 23
4.3 The Passive Infra-Red (PIR) Sensor 24