Microwave Passive Components:

1. Wave guide Tee Junctions

Prof. D. Kannadassan,
School of Electronics Engineering
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Law of Three port network..!
Its impossible to construct a three port network with Matched,
Reciprocal and Lossless.
To begin:
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3
circulator
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Called : Power dividers
Unmatched: Tee Junctions
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Tee Junctions
Wave guide Tee Junctions are Three port Networks, used to split the
power to an another waveguide based systems from the main wave guide.
They also useful as power combiner
Configuration:
With the main waveguide - a similar piece of waveguide is connected
(fastened) as series or shunt.
The added secondary arm may be called Side arm or Auxiliary arm
The main arm may be called Collinear arm or Primary am
Depends on the parallel field to the side arm, which will be split into, the
name for Tee junction is given as E-Plane and H-Plane Tee Junctions
E-Plane Tee
H-Plane Tee
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E-Plane Tee
The side arm is fastened as parallel to the plane of electric field.

When the Port 3 (at the side arm) as input port, the E field is forced to bend
at the junction. This results equal amplitude and opposite polarity of field
(potential) at the output ports (port 1 and 2). So there is no return power at
port 3, or it is matched.
By the same way, if the input is given to the collinear arms (port 1 and 2),
with opposite polarity, the field will be added at the port 3, so called
Symmetric arm. If same polarity (same phase) field is given to the
collinear ports, the fields will be cancelled (or the results will be the
difference)
Transmission line equivalent circuit
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Deriving [S] for E-Plane Tee
Initially we will consider the S matrix for E plane (three port network)
If the network is Reciprocal; and the port 1 and 2 are opposite polarity
with respect to port 3; Port 3 is matched (S
33
=0)
Now, to get lossless property:
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Since:

and:





Finally,


Since
Not Matched in all ports
Reciprocal
Lossless
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Understanding from [S]
To understand the [S] of the E-Plane Tee, we shall define the input and
output signals (incident and reflected signals) at all ports as [a] and [b]
respectively
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Case-1: if the input at port-3:
Then


This shows, the Tee will act as a 3dB power split

Case-2: if the port 1 and 2 are given with same input,






Case-3: if the port-1 is input, and no input at other ports,
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Problems
1. A 25mW power source is connected to collinear port-1, if other ports are
matched properly, calculate the power output at each port.

2. In a E-Plane Tee Junction, compute the power delivered to the loads 40
and 60 which are connected to the port-1 and port-2 of the collinear arm
respectively when the input power available at the matched port-3 is
10mW (Take first order reflections alone)
Refer R. E. Collin and D. M.
Pozar for more problems
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