Synthetic Division of Polynomials

Strategic Intervention Material

Introduction:
Did you already knew the word Synthetic Polynomial?
According to Mr. Mathematics Dictionary, Synthetic Division of Polynomial is a method
wherein we perform a short term polynomial division, with less writing and fewer
calculations. It is mostly taught for division by binomial in the form of x-1. This method
generalizes the division of any ironic polynomial and to any polynomial.
This method allows us to calculate without writing variables, only uses few calculations,
and it significantly take less space on your paper than the Long Term Division.
Guide Card:
In order to divide polynomials using synthetic division, you must be dividing by a linear
expression and the leading coefficient (first number) must be a 1. Thats according to Mr.
Math time. But there are some teachers does not believing this, just like Maam Cacao. She
tells that using synthetic division is not only leading with 1. You can use this equation even
if the leading coefficient is more than 1.
For example, 3x
3
+2x
2
+x+9/x-6 or x
3
+4x
2
+2x-7/x-2.
Here are 5 simple steps to solve Synthetic Division of a Polynomial:
Step 1 :
To set up the problem, first, set the divisor to its opposite sign. Next, make sure the
numerator is written in descending order, remove the terms and if any terms are
missing you must use a zero to fill in the missing term, finally list only the coefficient
in the division problem.
Step 2 :
Once the problem is set up correctly, bring the leading coefficient (first number)
straight down.
Step 3 :
Multiply the number in the division box with the number you brought down and put
the result in the next column.
Step 4 : Add the two numbers together and write the result in the bottom of the row.
Step 5 :
Repeat steps 3 and 4 until you reach the end of the problem. Write the Quotient in A,
B, constant number, and remainder but start off one power less than the original
denominator and go one with each term.


Activity Card:
Solve the given equation.
3x
3
+8x
2
-9x+2 / x-1
5x
3
+6x
2
-4x-20 / x-3
3x
3
+x
2
-4x+5 / x+2
x
3
+2x
2
-5x-6 / x-2
2x-8x+19x-12 / x-3

Enrichment Card:
Solve the given equation then find if its not ZERO or ZERO.
2x-19x-9x+9 / x-1
3x-19x-9x+9 / x+1
4x-19x-9x+9 / x-5
2x+x-19x-9x+9 / x-1/2
6x+x-19x-9x+9 / x-3

Assessment Card:
Solve the given equation then find its checking. By using (Quotient)*(Dividend) +Remainder
x+x-11x-5x+30 / x-2
2x+7x-6x-8 / x+4
3x-2x-7x+6 / x-1
3x-2x+3x-4 / x-3
3x-5x+4x+2 / 3x+1


Answer Keys:

Activity Card:

3 8 -9 2
3 11 2
3 11 2 4
=3x
2
+11x+2 r. 4
5 6 -4 -20
15 63 177
5 21 59 157
=5x
2
+21x+59 r. 157

=3x
2
-6x+8 r. -11
1 2 -5 -6
2 8 6
1 4 3 0
=x
2
+4x+3
2 -8 19 -12
6 -6 39
2 -2 13 27
=2x
2
-2x+13 r. 27

Enrichment Card:

2 0 -19 -9 9
2 3 -16 -25
2 3 -16 -25 -16
=2x
3
+3x
2
-16x-25 r. -16 not a zero
3 0 -19 -9 9
-3 3 16 -7
3 -3 -16 7 2
=3x
3
-3x
2
-16x+7 r. 2 not a zero
4 0 -19 -9 9
20 100 405 1980
4 20 81 396 1989
=4x
3
+20x
2
+81x+396 r.1989 not a zero

=2x
3
+2x
2
-18x-18 is a zero
6 0 -19 -9 9
18 54 105 288
6 18 35 96 297
=6x
3
+18x
2
+35x+96 r. 297 not a zero

Assessment Card: Checking:

1 1 -11 -5 30
2 6 -10 -30
1 3 -5 -15 0
= x
3
+3x
2
-5x-15

2 7 -6 -8
-8 4 8
2 -1 -2 0
=2x
2
-x-2

3 -2 -7 6
3 1 -6
3 1 -6 0
=3x
2
+1x-6


3 -2 3 -4
9 21 72
3 7 24 68
=3x
2
+7x+24 r. 68

3 -5 4 2
3 0 -4 5
-6 12 -16
3 -6 8 -11
2 1 -19 -9 9
1 1 -9 -9
2 2 -18 -18 0
-3 8 -12
3 -8 12 -10
=3x
2
-8x+12 r. -10



(x
3
+3x
2
-5x-15)(x-2)



(2x
2
-x-2)(x+4)



(3x
2
+x-6)(x-1)




[(3x
2
+7x+24)(x-3)+68]



[(3x
2
-8x+12)(x+1)-10]






Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division
Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division
Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division
Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division Synthetic division

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Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver
Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver
Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver
Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver
Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver Mabell Amiscosa IV-Silver



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