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Biol 1733.XXX
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Abstract
This exeriment examined the rate o! di!!usion o! "ater alon# a $on$entration #radient usin#
dialysis ba#s to simulate $ell membranes. %our ba#s "ere reared $ontainin# &aryin#
$on$entrations o! su$rose solutions 'intra$ellular !luid( and "ere la$ed in t"o di!!erent
$on$entrations o! su$rose solutions 'extra$ellular !luid( to determine the rate at "hi$h "ater
either di!!used out o! or into the ba#. This "as determined by measurin# the dry "ei#ht o! the
ba#s e&ery 1) minutes !or a total o! *) minutes. The results o! this exeriment sho"ed that "hen
the intra$ellular !luid "as hyotoni$ to the extra$ellular !luid+ "ater mo&ed out o! the ba#, and
"hen the intra$ellular !luid "as hyertoni$ to the extra$ellular !luid+ "ater mo&ed into the ba#.
-o"e&er+ "hen the intra$ellular and extra$ellular !luids "ere similar+ there "as no net "ater
mo&ement. This exeriment sho"ed that "ater al"ays mo&ed !rom hi#h $on$entrations to lo"
$on$entrations.
Introduction
.smosis is the assi&e mo&ement o! "ater a$ross a semi/ermeable membrane. .smosis !ollo"s
the same la"s as di!!usion+ in that it al"ays mo&es !rom areas o! hi#h $on$entration to areas o!
lo" $on$entration+ ex$et osmosis only in&ol&es the mo&ement o! "ater '0all et al. 1172(.
-yotoni$+ hyertoni$ and isotoni$ are the terms used to des$ribe the solute $on$entrations in
t"o areas 'ie 3 intra$ellular and extra$ellular !luids(+ "hi$h hels determine the dire$tion o!
"ater mo&ement 'Diamond 114*(. 5n order to examine these di!!erent solute $on$entrations and
determine ho" "ater "ill mo&e bet"een the intra$ellular and extra$ellular !luids+ dialysis ba#s
$an be used to simulate $ellular membranes. Determinin# the dire$tion and rate o! "ater
mo&ement "ill hel understand ho" "ater mo&es in and out o! $ells "hen their en&ironment
$han#es. Three $on$entrations o! intra$ellular !luids and t"o $on$entrations o! extra$ellular
!luids "ere used and the "ei#ht o! the ba# "as measured o&er time to determine the rate and
dire$tion o! "ater mo&ement. The hyothesis tested states that6 Differences in the intracellular
and extracellular concentrations will not cause water to move into or out of the cell over time.
Materials and Methods
%our dialysis ba#s 'labeled A/D( "ere !illed "ith three di!!erent $on$entrations o! su$rose
solution '17+ 127 and 8)7( a$$ordin# to Table 1. 5nitial "ei#hts "ere obtained on all !our ba#s+
rior to bein# la$ed in the aroriate solution. Ba# A "as la$ed in a $ontainer "ith 8)7
su$rose solution+ "hile ba#s B/D "ere la$ed in a $ontainer "ith 17 su$rose solution. The ba#s
"ere remo&ed e&ery 1) minutes+ blotted dry+ "ei#hts measured and re$orded !or a total o! *)
minutes.
Preparation of Dialysis Bags
Bag A Bag B Bag Bag D
12 mL o! 17 su$rose 12 mL o! 17 su$rose 12 mL o! 127 su$rose 12 mL o! 8)7 su$rose
Table !" &olume and $on$entration o! su$rose solution used to reare ea$h dialysis ba#
Results
0ater mo&ed into and out o! the ba#s deendin# on the $on$entration #radient resent. Ba# A
"as la$ed in a hyertoni$ solution '8)7 su$rose(+ and "ater mo&ed out o! the ba#. Ba# B "as
la$ed in an isotoni$ solution+ and there "as no net mo&ement o! "ater. Ba#s 9/D "ere la$ed in
a hyotoni$ '17( solution+ and "ater mo&ed into both ba#s. Thus+ "ater mo&ed do"n its
$on$entration #radient !rom areas o! hi#h $on$entration to areas o! lo" $on$entration. The
"ei#hts o! all ba#s+ in$ludin# the $han#e in "ei#ht+ are sho"n in Table 8 belo". Based on these
results+ the hyothesis is re:e$ted re#ardin# the mo&ement o! "ater.
# $in !% $in &# $in '% $in
5nitial 0t Total 0t 9han#e 0t Total 0t 9han#e 0t Total 0t 9han#e 0t
Ba# A 12.2# 1.)# /2.)# 1.2# /2.)# ;.)# /2.)#
Ba# B 12.2# 12.2# 2.2# 12.2# 2.2# 12.2# 2.2#
Ba# 9 12.2# 12.8# <2.8# 12.)# <2.3# 12.7# <2.8#
Ba# D 12.2# 12.)# <2.)# 11.2# <2.)# 11.)# <2.)#
Table (" Total "ei#hts and $han#e in "ei#ht o! ea$h dialysis ba# !rom start '2 minutes( to *)
minutes.
Discussion
Due to the mo&ement o! "ater do"n its $on$entration #radient+ the hyothesis is re:e$ted. The
ba#s la$ed in a hyertoni$ solution lost "ei#ht due to "ater loss+ "hile those la$ed in a
hyotoni$ solution #ained "ei#ht due to "ater #ain. The ba#s la$ed in an isotoni$ solution
sho"ed no o&erall $han#e in "ei#ht due to the $onstant+ e=ual mo&ement o! "ater into and out o!
the $ell. Althou#h ba#s 9 and D both #ained "ei#ht+ the "ei#ht #ain o! ba# D "as #reater than
that o! ba# 9. This "as due to the !a$t that the $on$entration #radient !or ba# D '8)76 17( "as
#reater $omared to ba# 9 '1276 17(. This exeriment ade=uately addressed the hyotheses
tested be$ause "e "ere able to determine the dire$tion o! "ater mo&ement 'into or out o! the
ba#( as "ell as the rate o! the mo&ement 'determined o&er time(.
hanges in )eight of Dialysis Bags O*er Ti$e
References
Diamond >? '114*(. The ?e$hanism o! 5sotoni$ 0ater Transort. Journal of General
Physiology *; '1(6 1)/*8.
0all B>+ .s$hman >L and @$hmidt/Nielsen B '1172(. %luid Transort6 9on$entration o! the
5ntra$ellular 9omartment. Science 147 '318*(6 1*17/1*1;.