LO230 - Capacity Planning

LO230 Capacity Planning
LO230

R/3 System Release 46C 05/08/2001
0

LO230 Capacity Planning.............................................................................................................................................0-1
Copyright..................................................................................................................................................................0-2
Production Planning..............................................................................................................................................0-4
Prerequisites..........................................................................................................................................................0-5
Target Audience....................................................................................................................................................0-6
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................1-1
Course Goals.........................................................................................................................................................1-2
Course Objectives.................................................................................................................................................1-3
Course Content......................................................................................................................................................1-4
Overview Diagram 1.............................................................................................................................................1-5
Main Business Scenario........................................................................................................................................1-6
Overview...................................................................................................................................................................2-1
Overview: Objectives............................................................................................................................................2-2
Overview: Business Scenario................................................................................................................................2-4
Integration of Capacity Planning (1).....................................................................................................................2-5
Capacity Planning Environment (1)......................................................................................................................2-6
Planning Views.....................................................................................................................................................2-7
Capacity Planning / Elements...............................................................................................................................2-8
Work Center Data.................................................................................................................................................2-9
Types of Display.................................................................................................................................................2-10
Overview: Summary...........................................................................................................................................2-11
Capacity Evaluation..................................................................................................................................................3-1
Capacity Evaluation: Objectives...........................................................................................................................3-2
Capacity Evaluation: Business Scenario...............................................................................................................3-4
Procedure in Capacity Evaluation.........................................................................................................................3-6
Capacity Planning Phases.....................................................................................................................................3-7
Standard Overview................................................................................................................................................3-8
Selection and Display Parameters.........................................................................................................................3-9
Cumulated Display..............................................................................................................................................3-10
Period Split..........................................................................................................................................................3-11
Detailed Capacity List and its Functions.............................................................................................................3-12
Structure of a Profile...........................................................................................................................................3-13
Structure of a Set.................................................................................................................................................3-14
Functions in the Variable Overview....................................................................................................................3-15
Capacity Planning Environment..........................................................................................................................3-16

Configuration Sequence Capacity Planning (1)..................................................................................................3-17
Capacity Planning / Overall Profile Evaluations.................................................................................................3-18
User Parameters - Evaluation..............................................................................................................................3-19
Selection Profile (Capacity Evaluations) ............................................................................................................3-20
Options Profile (Capacity Evaluations)...............................................................................................................3-21
Extended Evaluation (Standard Overview).........................................................................................................3-22
Extended Evaluation (Detailed Capacity List)....................................................................................................3-23
Structure of a Profile (Extended Evaluation) ......................................................................................................3-24
Structure of a Set (Extended Evaluation)............................................................................................................3-25
Capacity Evaluation: Summary...........................................................................................................................3-26
Data used in the exercises...................................................................................................................................3-27
Capacity Evaluation Exercises............................................................................................................................3-29
Capacity Evaluation Solutions............................................................................................................................3-34
Capacity Leveling (Part 1)........................................................................................................................................4-1
Capacity Leveling (Part 1): Objectives.................................................................................................................4-2
Capacity Evaluation..............................................................................................................................................4-3
Capacity Leveling (Part 1): Business Scenario.....................................................................................................4-4
Capacity Leveling Measures.................................................................................................................................4-6
User Interface for Capacity Leveling....................................................................................................................4-7
Capacity Planning Table (Tabular Form)..............................................................................................................4-8
Capacity Planning Table.......................................................................................................................................4-9
Dispatching.........................................................................................................................................................4-10
Dispatching Procedure........................................................................................................................................4-11
Types of Dispatching (tabular)............................................................................................................................4-12
Capacity Leveling (part 1): Summary.................................................................................................................4-13
Capacity Leveling (Part 1) Exercises..................................................................................................................4-14
Capacity Leveling (Part 1) Solutions..................................................................................................................4-16
Available Capacity....................................................................................................................................................5-1
Available Capacity: Objectives.............................................................................................................................5-2
Available Capacity: Business Scenario.................................................................................................................5-4
Capacities at a Work Center..................................................................................................................................5-6
Available Capacity at the Work Center.................................................................................................................5-7
From Work Time to Operating Time....................................................................................................................5-8
Maintaining Available Capacity using Shift Sequences.......................................................................................5-9
Available Capacity in the Work Center ..............................................................................................................5-10
Available Capacity/Maintenance Variants..........................................................................................................5-11

Maintaining and Assigning Factory Calendar.....................................................................................................5-12
Work Center Hierarchy.......................................................................................................................................5-13
Configuration Sequence Capacitiy Planning (2).................................................................................................5-14
Shift Sequences and Shifts..................................................................................................................................5-15
Available Capacity: Summary............................................................................................................................5-16
Available Capacity Exercises..............................................................................................................................5-17
Available Capacity Solutions..............................................................................................................................5-21
Capacity Requirements and Reduction.....................................................................................................................6-1
Capacity Requirements and Reduction: Objectives..............................................................................................6-2
Business Scenario.................................................................................................................................................6-4
Planning Levels.....................................................................................................................................................6-6
Determining Capacity Requirements....................................................................................................................6-7
Formulas...............................................................................................................................................................6-8
Link between Formula and Standard Values........................................................................................................6-9
Setting up a Formula...........................................................................................................................................6-10
Examples of Formulas.........................................................................................................................................6-11
Capacity Reduction.............................................................................................................................................6-12
Determining Remaining Capacity Requirements................................................................................................6-13
Capacity Requirements and Reduction: Summary..............................................................................................6-14
Capacity Requirements and Reduction Exercises...............................................................................................6-15
Capacity Requirements and Reduction Solutions...............................................................................................6-18
Scheduling.................................................................................................................................................................7-1
Scheduling: Objectives..........................................................................................................................................7-2
Scheduling: Business Scenario..............................................................................................................................7-4
Work Center and Lead Time Scheduling..............................................................................................................7-5
Lead Time Scheduling - Basics.............................................................................................................................7-6
Scheduling / Time Elements in an Order..............................................................................................................7-7
Scheduling Types..................................................................................................................................................7-8
Today Scheduling.................................................................................................................................................7-9
Scheduling / Performance Efficiency..................................................................................................................7-10
Correction of Execution Time.............................................................................................................................7-11
Distribution of Capacity Requirements...............................................................................................................7-12
Distribution Basis................................................................................................................................................7-13
Scheduling: Summary.........................................................................................................................................7-14
Scheduling Exercises..........................................................................................................................................7-15
Scheduling Solutions...........................................................................................................................................7-17

Capacity Leveling (Part 2)........................................................................................................................................8-1
Capacity Leveling (Part 2): Unit Objectives.........................................................................................................8-2
Overview Diagram (8) ..........................................................................................................................................8-3
Capacity Planning Table.......................................................................................................................................8-6
Types of Dispatching (Graphical).........................................................................................................................8-7
Dispatching Operations.........................................................................................................................................8-8
Planning Details at the Work Center / Capacity....................................................................................................8-9
Lead Time Scheduling - Finite Scheduling.........................................................................................................8-10
Finite Scheduling................................................................................................................................................8-11
Rescheduling / Deallocating...............................................................................................................................8-12
Midpoint Scheduling I.........................................................................................................................................8-13
Midpoint Scheduling II .......................................................................................................................................8-14
Structure of a Profile (Leveling) .........................................................................................................................8-15
Dispatching to Freely-Definable Period split......................................................................................................8-16
Enhanced Handling Functions 1.........................................................................................................................8-17
Strategy Profile...................................................................................................................................................8-18
Planning Direction..............................................................................................................................................8-19
Dispatching at the Earliest Time.........................................................................................................................8-20
Planning Strategy: Strategy Profile.....................................................................................................................8-21
Treatment of Queue Time...................................................................................................................................8-22
Use of Order Floats / Operation Floats...............................................................................................................8-23
Various Functions...............................................................................................................................................8-24
Configuration Sequence Capacity Planning (3)..................................................................................................8-25
Capacity Leveling - Overall Profile....................................................................................................................8-26
Standard Overall Profiles for Capacity Leveling................................................................................................8-27
Control Profile.....................................................................................................................................................8-28
Selection Profile..................................................................................................................................................8-29
Planning- (Scheduling) Levels............................................................................................................................8-30
Time Profile........................................................................................................................................................8-31
Evaluation Profile...............................................................................................................................................8-32
List Profile..........................................................................................................................................................8-33
Profile for Capacity Planning Table (tab.) ..........................................................................................................8-34
Period Profile......................................................................................................................................................8-35
Profile for Capacity Planning Table....................................................................................................................8-36
Check Report / Overall Profile............................................................................................................................8-37
Requirements Grouping......................................................................................................................................8-38
Requirements Grouping - Example Group..........................................................................................................8-39

Cumulation of Available Capacity / Capacity Requirements..............................................................................8-40
Cumulation of Available Capacity using Period Split........................................................................................8-41
Capacity Leveling (Part 2): Summary.................................................................................................................8-42
Capacity Leveling (Part 2) Exercises..................................................................................................................8-43
Capacity Leveling (Part 2) Solutions..................................................................................................................8-49
Extended Planning Functions....................................................................................................................................9-1
Extended Planning Functions: Unit Objectives.....................................................................................................9-2
Sequencing 1.........................................................................................................................................................9-5
Sequencing 2.........................................................................................................................................................9-6
Sequencing 3.........................................................................................................................................................9-7
User Exits.............................................................................................................................................................9-8
Additional Functions 1..........................................................................................................................................9-9
Additional Functions 2........................................................................................................................................9-10
Material Stock Curves.........................................................................................................................................9-11
Planning in Non-Work Periods / Fixing..............................................................................................................9-12
Temporarily Saving Results of Planning.............................................................................................................9-13
Mass Processing..................................................................................................................................................9-14
Capacity Planning with Production Versions......................................................................................................9-15
Notes on Documentation.....................................................................................................................................9-16
Extended Planning Functions: Summary............................................................................................................9-17
Extended Planning Functions Exercises..............................................................................................................9-18
Extended Planning Functions Solutions..............................................................................................................9-26
Detailed Planning....................................................................................................................................................10-1
Detailed Planning: Unit Objective......................................................................................................................10-2
Overview Diagram 10.........................................................................................................................................10-3
Detailed Planning: Business Scenario.................................................................................................................10-4
Application Criteria for Splits.............................................................................................................................10-5
Levels of Detail ...................................................................................................................................................10-6
Capacity Assignments.........................................................................................................................................10-7
Qualifications - Objectives..................................................................................................................................10-8
Qualifications - Abilities Required.....................................................................................................................10-9
Qualifications - Assignments............................................................................................................................10-10
Requirements Profiles.......................................................................................................................................10-11
Splitting and Allocating....................................................................................................................................10-12
Ranking List......................................................................................................................................................10-13
Types of Split....................................................................................................................................................10-14
Confirmation of Splits.......................................................................................................................................10-15

Detailed Planning: Summary............................................................................................................................10-16
Detailed Planning Exercises..............................................................................................................................10-17
Detailed Planning Solutions..............................................................................................................................10-21
Integration...............................................................................................................................................................11-1
Integration: Unit Objectives 1.............................................................................................................................11-2
Integration: Unit Objectives 2.............................................................................................................................11-3
Overview Diagram 11.........................................................................................................................................11-4
Integration: Business Scenario............................................................................................................................11-5
Integration of Capacity Planning (2)...................................................................................................................11-6
CRP Along the Process Chain.............................................................................................................................11-7
Planning Phases...................................................................................................................................................11-8
Integrated Planning Levels..................................................................................................................................11-9
Simultaneous Use of Different Planning Levels...............................................................................................11-10
Overall Profiles in the Applications..................................................................................................................11-11
Integration Types..............................................................................................................................................11-12
Integration: Sales and Distribution (SD)...........................................................................................................11-13
Integration: Sales and Operations Planning - Planning Table (SOP)................................................................11-14
Integration: MRP/MPS......................................................................................................................................11-15
Integration: Long-term Planning 1....................................................................................................................11-16
Integration: Long-term Planning 2....................................................................................................................11-17
Available Capacity and Requirements Versions...............................................................................................11-18
Integration: Repetitive Manufacturing (REM)..................................................................................................11-19
Repetitive Manufacturing with Production Versions........................................................................................11-20
Integration: Shop Floor Control (SFC) .............................................................................................................11-21
Integration: Unit Summary...............................................................................................................................11-22
Integration Exercises.........................................................................................................................................11-23
Integration Solutions.........................................................................................................................................11-27
Appendix.................................................................................................................................................................12-1
Change Mode and GUI Status.............................................................................................................................12-2
Layout of the Planning Table..............................................................................................................................12-3
Chart Sequence...................................................................................................................................................12-4
Chart Sequence (cont.)........................................................................................................................................12-5
Actual Capacity Requirements............................................................................................................................12-6

SAP AG 1999
LO230 Capacity Planning
SAP AG
LO230
LO230
Capacity Planning
Capacity Planning

R/3 System
Release 4.6B
March 2000
50034893

SAP AG 1999
Copyright 2001 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means,
or translated into another language, without the prior
consent of SAP AG. The information contained in this
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SAP AG 1999
Production Planning
Level 2 Level 3
Manufacturing
Planning &
Execution for
Discrete & Repetitive
LO050 5 days
Engineering
Change
Management
LO980 3 days
Batch
Management
LO955 3 days
KANBAN
LO235 2 days
Classification
LO985 3 days
Special Features of
LIS in Production
LO275 2 days
Logistics Info
Planning
LO935 2 days
CAP Calculation of
Standard Values
LO720 2 days
Repetitive
Manufacturing
LO225 3 days
Capacity Planning
LO230 5 days
Logistics
Information
System (LIS)
Reporting
LO930 2 days
Basic Data
Part 2
LO206 3 days
Basic Data for
Discrete
Manufacturing
LO205 3 days
Production
Orders
LO215 5 days
Production
Planning
LO210 5 days
Variant
Configuration Part 1
LO990 5 days
Variant
Configuration Part 2
LO991 3 days

SAP AG 1999
Prerequisites
LO050 - Planning & control for discrete manufacturing and
repetitive manufacturing
LO205 - Basic data for discrete manufacturing
LO215 - Prduction orders

SAP AG 1999
Target Audience
Participants
Members of the project team responsible for the
implementation of capacity pl anning
Members of shop floor control
Duration: 5 days

Notes to the user
The training materials are not teach-yourself programs. They complement the course instructor's
explanations. On the sheets, there is space for you to write down additional information.

(C) SAP AG LO230 1-1
SAP AG 1999
Introduction
Course goal
Course objectives
Course contents
Course overview diagram
Main business scenario
Introduction to course
Contents:

SAP AG 1999
Understand how to use capacity planning within PP
At the conclusion of this course you will be able to:
Describe connections between the elements of
capacity pl anning
Use the capacity evaluation and the capacity
planning tables
Make system settings
This course will enable you to:
Course Goals

SAP AG 1999
Create availabl e capacities
Execute capacity evaluations
Execute leveling of capacity requirements
and avail able capacities
This course will enable you to:
Course Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Unit 7 Scheduling
Unit 8 Capacity leveling (part 2)
Unit 9 Extended planning
functions
Unit 10 Detailed planning
Unit 11 Integration
Unit 1 Introduction
Unit 2 Overview
Unit 3 Capacity evaluation
Unit 4 Capacity leveling (part 1)
Unit 5 Avail able capacity
Unit 6 Capacity requirements /
reduction
Preface
Appendix
Course Content

SAP AG 1999
Work Center
Work Centers
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
Material Order
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Work Centers
Overview Diagram 1
SAP AG
Capacity evaluation Capacity evaluation
Capacity leveling (part 1) Capacity leveling (part 1)
Available capacity Available capacity
Capacity reqmts / reduction Capacity reqmts / reduction
Scheduling Scheduling
Detailed planning Detailed planning
Integration Integration
Extended planning functions Extended planning functions
Overview Overview
Introduction Introduction

SAP AG 1999
You are running a manufacturing company and
aim to deliver materials for orders recei ved by
the dates promised. Thus you want to provide
available capacity that is sufficient but not
excessive to cover requirements generated by
orders. Thi s is why you are using capacity
planning; for exampl e to spot overloads in time
or to carry out leveling for the requirements
dates using the capacities available and to fix
the requirements.
Main Business Scenario

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Overview
Integration of capacity planning
Capacity planning environment
Overview of elements and types of display
Contents:

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this unit you will:
Overview: Objectives
Have an overview of the integration of
capacity planning in the PP System and the
main elements of capacity planning.

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
Arbeitspltze / Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
Material Auftrag / Order
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Capacity Capacity evaluation evaluation
Capacity leveling Capacity leveling ( (part part 1) 1)
Available Available capacity capacity
Capacity Capacity reqmts reqmts / / - -reduction reduction
Detailed Detailed planning planning
Extended Extended planning planning functions functions
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 2

SAP AG 1999
You are running a manufacturing company and
need an overvi ew of capacity pl anning.
Therefore you want to find out about the
capacity planning environment. You are
particularl y interested in the basic data such as
the work center and the pegged requirements.
Overview: Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
R/3 R/3
FI FI
CO CO
AM AM
PS PS
WF WF
IS IS
MM MM
PD PD
SD SD
PM PM
QM QM
PP PP
Client / Server Client / Server
ABAP/4 ABAP/4
PP - BD
Basic Data
PP - MPS
Master Prod. Scheduling
PP - MRP
Mat. Reqmts Planning
PP PP - - CRP CRP
Capacity Capacity Reqmts Reqmts Planning Planning
PP - SFC
Shop Floor Control
PP - PI
Process Industries
PP - SOP
Sales and Operations Planning
PP - REM
Repetitive Manufacturing
Integration of Capacity Planning (1)

The PP production planning component consists of several integrated components.
Capacity planning is flexible and can be adapted to the relevant point of view.
The user has a planning instrument he can use to help in planning limited resources on various planning
levels (detailed, production-rate and rough-cut). It can be used for every application area and it has
specially-defined functions.
Capacity leveling is an integrated component of the following R/3 applications.
SD Sales and distribution
SOP Sales and Operations Planning
MPS/MRP Master Production Scheduling / Material Requirements Planning
REM Repetitive Manufacturing
SFC Production Control
PD Personnel Planning and Development
PI Process Industries
PS Project System
PM/SM Plant Maintenance, Service Management

SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
Capacity requirements
t
Basic Basic data data Production planning Production planning PM / PS PM / PS
Capacity evaluation Capacity evaluation/ /- -leveling leveling
4
Calendar
Arbei tsplan Routi ng
TskLstGrp C 1
10 Cent er 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects
Capacity Planning Environment (1)

With the help of R/3 basic data such as Material Masters, work plans and work centers, as well as
planned orders and production orders, a database is created, which can show the available capacity and
the capacity required.
Available capacity indicates which activity produces a capacity each day. A capacity is always assigned
to at least one work center.
Capacity requirements shows how much capacity the individual orders need at a certain point in time.
Capacity requirements are determined during lead time scheduling.
In Capacity evaluation, these requirements can now be compared with the available capacity.
In Capacity levelling, orders can be shared out to avoid overloading. This way it is possible to leverage
the suitable resources or to plan optimal scheduling with sort criteria.

SAP AG 1999
SOP
MPS
MRP/SFC
Today Today Months later Months later
Planning Views

There are different planning levels available for the individual application areas. For example, you can
plan MRP requirements in the following three ways depending on how specific you want your planning
to be:
Rough-cut planning with a rough-cut planning profile
Production-rate planning with a rate routing or a routing
Detailed planning with a routing

SAP AG 1999
Capacity requirements Capacity requirements
Capacity evaluation Capacity evaluation and and - -leveling leveling
Capacity reduction Capacity reduction
Capacity Planning / Elements

The available capacity represents the capacity available for production.
Scheduling the sequence of operations determines the times for the capacity requirements.
The system calculates the capacity requirements using formulas and dates and quantities for
production.
The capacity evaluation gives you an overview of the load and the requirements for production.
Capacity leveling allows you to achieve optimal planning and an optimal load.
Capacity reduction occurs when operations are confirmed or order quantities reduced or deleted.

SAP AG 1999
General General data data
Default Default values values
Capacity data Capacity data
Scheduling data Scheduling data
Personnel system Personnel system
data data
Basic data
Default values
Capacity
Scheduling
Assignments
Work Center Data
Name and description
Standard values key
Effciency rate key
Control key
Standard text key
Wage data
Available capacity
Formula key
Individual capacities
Scheduling basis
Queue and move time
Formula key
Labor
Positions
Qualifications

The work center contains several groups of data that are located on different screens. Only the most
important ones are shown in this example.

(C) SAP AG LO230 2-10
SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
Printing of standard
overview and det.
cap. list
Planing table Planing table ( (tabular tabular) ) Planning table Planning table ( (graphical graphical ) )
Capacity Capacity evaluation evaluation Diagrams Diagrams
Types of Display

Capacity planning uses several types of display. It uses evaluation lists, block diagrams, bar charts, line
graphs and Gantt charts.
You can also carry out simulations with the planning tables.

(C) SAP AG LO230 2-11
SAP AG 1999
You have an overview of the integration,
environment and elements of capacity
planning.
Overview: Summary

SAP AG 1999
Capacity Evaluation
Capacity overviews
Order detail lists
Graphics
Printing functions
System settings
Contents:

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this topic you will know:
What options there are for comparing the
capacity requirements with the available
capacity
How to create new overall profiles
Capacity Evaluation: Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 3

SAP AG 1999
Capacity Evaluation: Business Scenario
You want to evaluate the work center load for
production. You use the capacity evaluation
functions to compare capacity requirements with
available capacity. You can see the pegged
requirements from the results of the evaluation
and thus decide whether you need to take
measures to keep to the production dates.

SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
t
Basic data Basic data Production planning Production planning PM / PS PM / PS
Capacity evaluation/-leveling
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects
4
Calendar
Arbeitsplan Routi ng
TskLstGrp C 1
10 Center 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Capacity evaluation/leveling

In the capacity evaluations, the capacity requirements are compared to the available capacity.
Capacity evaluation has to perform the following:
Determination of available capacity
Determination of capacity requirement
Comparison of available capacity to capacity requirement

SAP AG 1999
Initial screen
Accessing Capacity Planning Accessing Capacity Planning
Settings Selection
Standard
overview
Variable
overview
Detailed
capacity list
Work center
Load
Orders
...
Variable
Profile 1
...
...
Procedure in Capacity Evaluation

Capacity evaluations are basically accessed using two menu options:The menu Work center view
accesses evaluations for loads, orders, released orders, order in backlog or overloads.The menu Variable
allows you to access evaluations using profiles created for your specific needs.
When accessing the capacity evaluation the settings are pulled from the overall profile.
This overall profile can be one provided by SAP or a user-specific profile.
To access the evaluation via the work center you can use standard profiles and user-specific profiles.
You can change display using the menu option Settings.
You can use the menu Selection to increase or restrict the selection criteria for the capacity evaluation.

SAP AG 1999
Planning Planning
phase phase
Rough Rough- -cut cut
Medium
Detailed
Characteristics Characteristics
Month Week Day
WCtr area WCtr group Work ctr
Incomplete Complete
Time - Display of
periods
Location - Work center
hierarchies
Planning
data
Capacity Planning Phases

Capacity planning can use different planning phases. For example, the level of detail of planning can
depend on how close the planning date is to the completion date.

SAP AG 1999
Graphics Printing Lists Lists
Work center
Detailed capacity list
Capacity
t t
Branch
Standard
overview
Detailed
capacity list
Variable
overview
Standard Overview

The standard overview compares the available capacity and the capacity requirements for the selected
work centers for each capacity category. The loads and remaining available capacity are also listed.
From the standard overview you can generate graphics, print lists, maintain work centers and capacities
and from the detailed capacity list you can process orders.
The standard overview can be limited using minimum and maximum load percentages. You can
predefine these in the options profile.

SAP AG 1999
Cumulated display
Capacity unit
Requirement unit
yes / no
Time unit
Target / remaining requirement
General General
Time segment / Periods Time segment / Periods
Hierarchy Hierarchy
Distribution Distribution
Requirement prioritizing and comparison of offers can be
either static or dynamic
Selection of period to be displayed
Period split for display
Selection and Display Parameters
Through distribution keys
from work center in production orders
from operation or work center in network plans / maintenance orders
from standard setting of capacity planning per capacity category

The selection and display parameters can be predefined in profiles. They can, however, be changed in
the menu settings.
You can only update the reading time section via Customizing.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-10
SAP AG 1999
Available
capacity
Available
capacity
D D D
A A A
B
B B
C C C
D
D D
A
A A
A
A A
A
A A
B
B B
B
B B
C C C
Display not Display not cumulated cumulated
Cumulated display Cumulated display
Cumulated Display

The cumulated display has the following significance for the standard overview and the variable
overview:
For every period the capacity requirements and the available capacity result from the sum of the
capacity requirements/available capacity in this and the preceding periods. The starting point for the
cumulation is the first period displayed. In this way you get an overview of the period available for
reducing the capacity requirements.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-11
SAP AG 1999
Periods
Days
10 20 30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4
1 2
1
Period
duration
4 4 Days Days
1 1 Week Week
3 3 Weeks Weeks
1 1 Month Month
Period Split

To display the evaluations you can choose between the following period displays:
Month
Week
Day
Factory calendar day
Posting period
You use the period duration to define thenumber of days or weeks for a period.

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SAP AG 1999
Work center Capacity
. . . . . .
Order Stock-/
reqmts list
Order Stock-/
requirements list
t t
Standard
overview
Detailed
capacity list
Variable
overview
Branch
Capacity Capacity Evaluation Evaluation
Detailed Capacity List and its Functions

In the detailed capacity list the orders and their operations are listed by period depending on the work
center selected. They may be sorted, for example, by order number, date, and priority.
From this list you can make changes to the work center, the capacity and the order.
You can call up additional information on the material and the stock/requirements situation.
You can predefine the display using the list profile and change it using the settings menu.

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Overall profile
Options profile Selection profile List profile Graphics profile
Order set Initial set Capacity category set Work center set
Structure of a Profile

The overall profile contains the names of four subprofiles:
The selection profile determines which sets are used to generate the various selection screens and for
what period the capacity requirements are read from the database.
The list profile defines the layout of the detailed capacity list and the variable overview.
The graphics profile defines the layout of the graphics.
In the options profile the default parameters are set for the type of display, the display period, the
distribution and for branches in change or display mode.
The order set, the capacity category set and the work center set are used for the extended selection.

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SAP AG 1999
Multi -dimension set
Basic Basic set set Basic Basic set set
Value Value Variable Variable Variable Variable Value Value
Basic Basic set set
Work center Capacity cat. Capacity planner
101 &KAPART &KAPLATZ PP-MONT1
Structure of a Set

It is important to distinguish between basic sets that always refer to one criterion and multidimension
sets that group together any number of basic sets.
For example, which selection criteria are displayed in a dialog box for selection depends on the basic
sets the multidimension set consists of.
Multidimension sets are always used in the selection profile, in the combinations and in the column
definitions in the variable overview.
Whether and how you can specify values for a selection criterion is determined by the structure of the
relevant basic set. You can use the basic set to specify:
- whether an individual value or a value range can be specified
- whether the criterion is assigned a fixed value and thus no user specification is required
Sets are specified in Customizing for capacity planning and grouped together in a selection profile or in
a combination.
To make it possible to specify an individual value or a value range for a selection criterion, a variable
must be defined for the individual value or for the upper and lower limit of the value range.
You create variables in Customizing for capacity planning.

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SAP AG 1999
Detailed capacity list
Standard
overview
Detailed
capacity list
Variable
overview
Branch
Functions in the Variable Overview

You can define the form and content of the variable overview. You use it to display any capacity data
you wish.
In the first column appear the periods. In the following columns you can display, for example, capacity
requirements, available capacities and formulas.
You can predefine the display using the list profile and change it using the settings menu.

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SAP AG 1999
Display Maintain
Display/maintain
Detailed
capacity list
Goods receipt
for order
t t
Work center Work center
Capacity Capacity
Order Order
Confirmation
434518 759691 4
Stock/
reqmts list
Pegged
requirements
Material Thats what
I want !
Auftragskopf
Arb eit svorgnge
Mat erialkompon ent en
Fert igungshilf smit tel
Kost en Plan
Soll
Ist
20
50
100
Capacity Planning Environment

From the detailed capacity screen you can use the menu Environment to branch to further sections of PP
in change mode or in display mode.
In the options profile in Customizing you can specify that the system is to branch to orders, the work
center and the capacity in change mode or in display mode.
You can also get the system to branch by double-clicking on the fields for the order, the work center or
the capacity.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-17
SAP AG 1999
Creating work center hierarchies
Maintaining and cumulating available capacity
Profiles for capacity evaluations
Profiles for capacity leveling/extended evaluation
Defining distribution of requirements
M
O
O
D
D
Configuration Sequence Capacity Planning (1)

Legend:
M = Mandatory action (mandatory)
O = Optional action (optional)
D = Action completed as a result of default setting

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-18
SAP AG 1999
Overall Overall profile profile
Options profile
Selection profile
List profile
Graphics profile
Capacity Planning / Overall Profile Evaluations

The overall profile contains four subprofiles.
In the options profile the default parameters are specified for the type of display, the display period,
distribution and branching in display or change mode. Most of the settings can be changed in the
application using the menu options Settings General for this evaluation run.
The selection profile determines which sets are accessed to generate the various selection screens and
for which period the capacity requirements are read from the database.
The list profile specifies the layout of the detailed capacity list and the variable overview and determines
which list is automatically displayed.
The graphics profile contains settings for the layout of the various graphics:
Determining the earliest/latest dates of operations
Sort sequence such as date, material number, order number
Displaying columns, bars or lines
The line display only makes sense for a cumulative display.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-19
SAP AG 1999
Overall Overall profile evaluation profile evaluation Parameter / Parameter / Std profile Std profile
Work center view
Load
Orders
Released
Backlog
Overload
Variable
CY1 CY1
CY2 CY2
CY3 CY3
CY4 CY4
CY5 CY5
CY7 CY7
SAPX911 SAPX911
SAPX912 SAPX912
SAPX913 SAPX913
SAPX914 SAPX914
SAPX915 SAPX915
User Parameters - Evaluation

An overall profile can be accessed with the user parameters CY1 - CY7 individually for every user.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-20
SAP AG 1999
Selection profile
Selection control:
Initial set:
Capacity reqmts
category set:
Work center set:
Order set:
Scheduling level:
Version of available capacity
Selection period for reading from the database (KBED)
Read KBED records for work center(s)
Read KBED records for order type(s)
Read KBED records for capacity reqmts categories
Fields for initial screen
Selection of KBED records according to detailed-,
production rate- or rough-cut scheduling and specifying
order categories (take account of scheduling levels table TCX00)
Selection Profile (Capacity Evaluations)

You use the selection profile among other things to specify which sets are used to define the layout of
the various dialog boxes.
You can also specify the database read period in the selection profile in the section Interval period. In
the evaluation only those capacity requirements are read from the database where at least one date (for
example, the earliest start date) falls in the period defined. The display period (see settings) must also lie
in the database read period.
During the capacity evaluation you can specify another selection profile with the menu options Planning
-> Profiles -> Selection profile.

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SAP AG 1999
Options profile
General settings: Cap. Unit, Remaining requirements, planned
requirements, cumulated display, load restrictions
Cumulating
available capacity:
Hierarchy: Yes / no, dynamic, hierarchy name
Interval settings:
Start / end of display, period split,
cumulate backlog to
Distribution of capacity
requirements:
From work center, operation or profile
Goto: Work center, branches in display / change mode
Options Profile (Capacity Evaluations)

The options profile groups together general settings. You can change most of these settings during the
evaluation with the menu options: Settings ->General.
You can change the following parameters during the capacity evaluation using other menu options or a
function key:
Values for the minimum and maximum load displayed in the standard overview
The standard distribution key for work orders and networks/maintenance orders
You cannot change the following parameters during the capacity evaluation:
Date for dispatching the backlog: If remaining requirements are displayed then all the
requirements whose finish dates lie before the date for dispatching the backlog are dispatched to the
period that contains this date.
Indicator "Production order": The indicator specifies whether you branch to production orders in
display mode or in change mode.
Indicator "Planned order": The indicator specifies whether you branch to planned orders in display
mode or in change mode.
Indicator "Work center": The indicator specifies whether you branch to work centers or capacities
in display mode or in change mode.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-22
SAP AG 1999
Work center
view
Printing
Standard overview list
Work center Det.capacity list Capacity
Indiv. capacity
view
Order view Project view
Labor
t t
Extended Evaluation (Standard Overview)

In the extended evaluation you can display all relevant objects (persons, individual capacities, SOP
requirements).
You can sort all the lists in any way you like, even in groups.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-23
SAP AG 1999
Work center
view
Printing
Det. capacity list
Work center Capacity
Indiv.capacity
view
Order view Project view
Person
Order
Operation
t t
Extended Evaluation (Detailed Capacity List)

In the extended evaluation you can display all relevant objects (persons, individual capacities, SOP
requirements).
You can sort all the lists in any way you like, even in groups.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-24
SAP AG 1999
Overall profile
Overall profile
Selection profile
Selection profile
Object set
Object set
Filter set
Filter set
Control profile
Control profile
List profile
List profile
Period profile
Period profile
Requirements grouping
Requirements grouping
Evaluation profile
Evaluation profile
Time profile
Time profile
Structure of a Profile (Extended Evaluation)

The overall profile for the extended evaluation contains six subprofiles whose settings are compatible
with one another. You can maintain them in Customizing for Capacity leveling and Extended evaluation.
In the selection profile you specify which sets are used for the layout of the various selection screens.
In the list profile you specify which list is displayed when you access the extended evaluation. You can
branch from one list to another with the menu option Goto.
In the time profile you specify for what time period the capacity requirements are read from the
database. The database read period, the evaluation period, the planning period and the date for
dispatching the backlog are specified in the time profile. All the requirements are accessed that lie
wholly or partly in the database read period.
In the period profile you specify in which periods the loads are to be displayed. For example, a period
can be one day, several days, one week or several weeks.
In the options profile you specify the work center hierarchy name for the cumulation of available
capacity and capacity requirements and the distribution key.
In the control profile you specify the type of presentation and the layout of the data (here lists in period
form).

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SAP AG 1999
Multidimension set
Multidimension Multidimension set set
Object set
Object set
Variable
Variable Variable
&5KPLANRV
&5KPLANRV
Basic Set
Basic Set Basic Set
Cap. planner
group
PLANR
Cap. planner
group
PLANR
Value
Value Value
1000
1000
Basic Set
Basic Set Basic Set
Plant
CRHDWERKS
Plant
CRHDWERKS
Variable
Variable Variable
&5KEARBP
&5KEARBP
Basic Set
Basic Set Basic Set
Work center
ARBPL
Work center
ARBPL
Basic Set
Basic Set Basic Set
Capacity
category
KAPAR
Capacity
category
KAPAR
Variable
Variable Variable
&5KKAPARV
&5KKAPARV
Structure of a Set (Extended Evaluation)

It is important to distinguish between a basic set and a multidimension set.
The object set stands for a multidimension set. A multidimension set groups together several basic sets.
The field names for the selection fields are defined in the basic set. You can specify values or variables
for these field names.
A default value can be specified for a variable for a particular field name.

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SAP AG 1999
Capacity Evaluation: Summary
In this unit you have learnt about:
The procedure with overview lists in the
capacity evaluation
The structure of profiles and sets

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-27
Data used in the exercises
Explanation of symbols in the exercises and solutions

Exercises

Solutions

Course Objectives

Business Scenario

Tips & Tricks

Warning or Attention

Data in the exercises
Type of data Data in the training system
Plant 1000 and 1200
Material and routings T-F2##and T-F1## ( T-CV )
Material and rate routing R-1000
Product group PG-100
Work centers T-M##, T-V##, T-L##, T-E##,
T-F##, T-P##, V##and KS##
Work center hierarchies T-V, T-E and H-##
Pooled capacity VOR##
Capacity category P##
Grouping key 52
Formula
parameters
LO##
Formula key FO##
Machines L1##, L2##and L3##
Overall profiles Z##SFCG011, Z##SFCG002

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-28
Z230-GES##
Activity group SAP_LO_PP_PRODMAN

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-29
Capacity Evaluation Exercises

Unit: Capacity Evaluation
Topic: Standard Overview

At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:
Use the standard overview in the capacity evaluation
Change the display

You are a capacity planner and have to show an overview of the
capacity requirements versus the available capacity for your
organization. To do this, you choose the standard overview in the
capacity evaluation and, if necessary, switch to the cumulated
display.
1-1 Look at the capacity loads for your work centers using your capacity planner group 0##
in the standard overview.
1-1-1 In which evaluation period were the capacity requirements read?
______________________
1-1-2 Specify the menu path that you would use to find this out.
_____________________________________________________
1-1-3 Change the settings in such a way that only those periods are displayed with a
load greater than 40%.
1-2 Now call up the standard overview for the work center T-M##.
1-2-1 Change the display for the standard overview by defining a period as three
days.
1-2-2 Specify the menu path and name the indicator for a standard overview with
cumulated capacity requirements and available capacities over the entire
evaluation period.
______________________________________________________
1-2-3 Only analyze the pegged requirements in the first period. What sort of pegged
requirements are there?
_______________________

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-30
Exercises

Topic: Detailed Capacity List

Use the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation
Test various selection options
Make changes to the detailed capacity list

You are a capacity planner and want to see in an overview the
pegged capacities for the work centers for which you are
responsible. After seeing an overview, you want to release a
production order.
2-1 Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers T-L##
and T-V##.
2-1-1 Describe the menu option for calling up the detailed capacity list directly.
_____________________________________________________
2-1-2 You want to call up the detailed capacity list for 2 special work centers. To do
this you need an additional menu option. Restrict the selection of work centers
on the dialog box with the entry T-*. Describe the additional menu options.
_____________________________________________________
2-2 You want to be able to see which production orders are to be released, and therefore
you want to copy the field "Overall order status" into the detailed capacity list after the
column for pegged requirements. To ensure that the standard list is not overwritten
when saving, you have to first create your own list variant in Customizing.
2-2-1 Copy the list variant SAPDETC0 in Customizing for Capacity Planning
(Evaluation). Your detailed list profile should be called ZAPDETC##. Before
saving, it is possible to protect this profile from being changed by other users.
2-2-2 Call up the detailed capacity list for your work centers T-L##and T-V##again.
Enter a column for the Overall order status after the column for pegged
requirements. Reduce the column width for the "Overall order status" to 20 and
the column width for "Material" to 8 spaces.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-31
Save the changes made to the detailed capacity list in your list variant
ZAPDETC##. Note that the subprofile SAPDETF0 is not changed for the
displayed fields. Before saving, overwrite this profile with ZAPDETF##.
2-2-3 Release the production order with the requirements quantity 80 and update the
evaluation so that you can see the status change directly in the detailed capacity
list.
2-2-4 Look at the detailed capacity list for your work centers T-L##and T-V##again.
Switch to the list variant you saved previously to control the detailed capacity
list you created.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-32
Exercises

Topic: Creating an Overall Profile

Define an overall profile with a new entry screen

You are a capacity planner and want to use certain work centers
in the entry screen for selection. You therefore create a new
initial set and include this in a new overall profile. In addition,
you always want to call up this overall profile automatically when
you choose Evaluation -> Variable.
3-1 Create for your group an overall profile for a new initial set. You want to see the
following entry fields in the initial set when you call up this overall profile:
Work center from:
Work center to:
Capacity cat.:
Capacity planner group:
Plant:
In addition, the work center T-V##should be set as a value.
3-1-1 In the first step create a new basic set Z230-PLZ## for the entry Work center
from/to for the field name ARBPL. As descriptive text choose ##-Work center
from/to. Take two variables for the entry fields and set the value T-V##.
3-1-2 In the second step create a new multidimension set Z230-EIN## for the
complete initial screen. Copy this set using 5kstart1 as a reference. As a
descriptive text, choose ##-Work center, CapCat, CapPl. Change the
multidimension set for the entry fields according to the defaults and the
sequence in 3-1.
3-1-3 Copy the selection profile SAPA010 as a separate profile with the name Z230-
AUS## and switch the initial set with the multidimension set created in 3-1-2.
Choose ##-AUSW as a descriptive text.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-33
3-1-4 Copy the overall profile SAPX912 as a separate profile with the name Z230-
GES## and swap the selection profile with the profile created in 3-1-3. Choose
##-GES as a descriptive text.
3-1-5 You always want to call up this overall profile automatically when you choose
Evaluation Variable. Maintain your user parameters by entering your overall
profile for this parameter.
3-1-6 Describe why requirements are also displayed for the work center T-V##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-34
Capacity Evaluation Solutions

Topic: Standard Overview
1-1 Look at the capacity loads for your work centers using your capacity planner group 0##
in the standard overview.
1-1-1 Logistics Production Capacity planning Evaluation Work center
view Load
60 days as of today
1-1-2 Specify the menu path that you would use to find this out.
Settings General
1-1-3 Change the settings in such a way that only those periods are displayed with a
load greater than 40%.
Settings Evaluations Standard overview
1-2 Now call up the standard overview for the work center T-M##.
1-2-1 Change the display for the standard overview by defining a period as three
days.
Settings Evaluations and radio button Day, period duration 3
1-2-2 Specify the menu path and name the indicator for a standard overview with
cumulated capacity requirements and available capacities over the entire
evaluation period.
Settings General
Cumulated display
1-2-3 Select Period and button Capacity detail/period

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-35
Solutions

Topic: Detailed Capacity List
2-1 Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers T-L##
and T-V##.
2-1-1 Describe the menu option for calling up the detailed capacity list directly.
Evaluations Work center view Orders
2-1-2 You want to call up the detailed capacity list for 2 special work centers. To do
this you need an additional menu option. Restrict the selection of work centers
on the dialog box with the entry T-*. Describe the additional menu options.
Planning Selection Work center
Once you have specified the restrictions choose Detailed selection
2-2 You want to be able to see which production orders are to be released, and therefore
you want to copy the field "Overall order status" into the detailed capacity list after the
column for pegged requirements. To ensure that the standard list is not overwritten
when saving, you have to first create your own list variant in Customizing.
2-2-1 Copy the list variant SAPDETC0 in Customizing for Capacity Planning
(Evaluation). Your detailed list profile should be called ZAPDETC##. Before
saving, it is possible to protect this profile from being changed by other users.
Tools Accelerated SAP Customizing Edit Project. Button Enterprise
IMG.
Production Capacity planning Evaluation Lists Define list
variants for capacity detail list.
Copy SAPDETC0 into ZAPDETC##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-36
2-2-2 Call up the detailed capacity list for your work centers T-L##and T-V##again.
Enter a column for the Overall order status after the column for pegged
requirements. Reduce the column width for the "Overall order status" to 20 and
the column width for "Material" to 8 spaces.
Save the changes made to the detailed capacity list in your list variant
ZAPDETC##. Note that the subprofile SAPDETF0 is not changed for the
displayed fields. Before saving, overwrite this profile with ZAPDETF##.
Choose Choose fields.
Choose Overall order status and transfer it to the list Selected fields.
Select Overall order status and place the cursor on the line material. Press
Move.
Change the column width for the Overall order status and for Material and
save this list under your list variant name.
Settings Capacity detail Save list variant
2-2-3 Release the production order with the requirements quantity 80 and update the
evaluation so that you can see the status change directly in the detailed capacity
list.
Double-click on the order number and in the order header choose Release and
Save. Press Refresh.
2-2-4 Look at the detailed capacity list for your work centers T-L##and T-V##again.
Switch to the list variant you saved previously to control the detailed capacity
list you created.
Call up the capacity detail list again and go to your list variant.
Settings Capacity detail Get list variant

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-37
Solutions

3-1 Create for your group an overall profile for a new initial set. You want to see the
following entry fields in the initial set when you call up this overall profile:
3-1-1 In the first step create a new basic set Z230-PLZ## for the entry Work center
from/to for the field name ARBPL. As descriptive text choose ##-Work center
from/to. Take two variables for the entry fields and set the value T-V##.
Customizing Capacity Planning Evaluation Selection set Define sets.
Create set.
For the variables, place the cursor in the entry field and press Variable.
3-1-2 In the second step create a new multidimension set Z230-EIN## for the
complete initial screen. Copy this set using 5kstart1 as a reference. As a
descriptive text, choose ##-Work center, CapCat, CapPl. Change the
multidimension set for the entry fields according to the defaults and the
sequence in 3-1.
Change the copied multidimension set as follows:
Substitute the set in line 001
Insert the set 5KKAPARV before line 002
3-1-3 Copy the selection profile SAPA010 as a separate profile with the name Z230-
AUS## and switch the initial set with the multidimension set created in 3-1-2.
Choose ##-AUSW as a descriptive text.
Customizing capacity planning Evaluation Profiles Define selection
profiles.
3-1-4 Copy the overall profile SAPX912 as a separate profile with the name Z230-
GES## and swap the selection profile with the profile created in 3-1-3. Choose
##-GES as a descriptive text.
Customizing Capacity Planning Evaluation Profiles Define overall
profiles.

(C) SAP AG LO230 3-38
3-1-5 You always want to call up this overall profile automatically when you choose
Evaluation Variable. Maintain your user parameters by entering your
overall profile for this parameter.
System User parameters Own data.
Tab card parameters.
Assign the value from your profile to parameter CY7.
3-1-6 Describe why requirements are also displayed for the work center T-V##.
The work center was also specified as a value in the basic set.

SAP AG 1999
Capacity Leveling (Part 1)
Use of the capacity planning table (tabular
form)
Dispatching procedure
Preview of the capacity planning table
Contents:

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this unit you will be able
to:
How to use the leveling functions on the
planning tables.
Capacity Leveling (Part 1): Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Capacity Evaluation

SAP AG 1999
Capacity Leveling (Part 1): Business Scenario
In your production you want to level the
capacity loads at the resources. To do this you
compare the capacity requirements with the
availabl e capacity using the capacity leveling
functions. First capacity leveling should be
carried out with the tabular version of the
planning table. After simul ating several
dispatching runs you save the results of your
planning and thus fix the capacity
requirements for processing in the planned
period.

SAP AG 1999
Capacity leveling/-evaluation
Available capacity
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
t
4
Calendar
TskLst C 1
10 Cent er 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects

Dispatching operations is the main function in capacity planning. Operations are dispatched to fix them
at a time when there is sufficient capacity for them to be executed.
Depending on whether finite scheduling is to take place, operations can be dispatched based on an
unlimited available capacity or existing available capacity. The existing available capacity is equal to the
difference between the available capacity maintained in the work center and the capacity requirements
already dispatched. If necessary, you can specify a different work center when dispatching.

SAP AG 1999
Lot reduction / splitting
External processing
Sequence planning
Date shift
Al ternative work center
Increase available capacity
Capacity Leveling Measures

There are the following ways to achieve the objectives listed in the preceding slide:
Adjust the available capacity by increasing the standard available capacity for the relevant capacity
category or increase the available capacity by inserting an interval of available capacity.
Determine an alternative work center with remaining available capacity, for example by calling up the
planning table using a work center hierarchy.
Find a period with sufficient remaining available capacity by dispatching using finite scheduling or
manually on the planning table.
Form optimal sequences to reduce setup times.
You can only reduce/split the lot size or specify that operations are to be processing externally in the
production order.

SAP AG 1999
06.00 10.00 14.00 18.00
Order 100012 Operation 0010 Start 03.05.1998
Work center: Turning capacity: Machine
05.1998 06.1998 07.1998
Avail. cap.
Dispatched
Pool
Capacity planning table Capacity planning table ( (tabular tabular) ) Capacity planning table Capacity planning table
User Interface for Capacity Leveling

The capacity planning module offers two interfaces.
The main capacity planning module and its various views.
Work center view: You limit the selection for specific work centers. Work centers and capacities are
displayed in the planning tables.
Individual capacity view: You limit the selection for specific work centers. You can dispatch
operations both to work centers/capacities and to the corresponding individual capacities.
Order view: You limit the selection for specific orders. All the work centers and capacities affected
are displayed for one or more orders.
Leveling directly from production order maintenance. Depending on the overall profile set for the
production controller/order type you branch to one of the two planning tables. If no overall profile has
been stored for the production scheduler then the planning table is called up using the overall profile
SAPSFCG001.

SAP AG 1999
08.1998 09.1998 10.1998 11.1998 12.1998
24,0
8
2
8,0 16,0 32,0 16,0
6,5h
13,0h
Pump
Washer
X
X
Period
Avail.cap.
Dispatched
Pool
33%
8,3% 6,5 81,2%
Capacity Planning Table (Tabular Form)
Period-specific
Aggregate information on availabl e capacity, capacity
requirements and capacity load
Distribution of capacity requirements by distribution keys
Important for shareable
capacities
Display actual capacity
load within a period

There are the following types of display on the capacity planning table (tabular form):
Work center/capacity with available capacity, load, dispatched and pool for several periods
Several work centers/capacities with available capacity and load for several periods
The planning table (tabular form) can be called up for the work center view, the individual capacity view
and the order view. Available capacities and distributed capacities are displayed.
The unit of display for the available capacity and capacity requirements is stored in the evaluation
profile.
The planning table (tabular form) is divided up into a resource section and a requirements section.
The resource section contains the following: name of work center or capacity and capacity category,
periods to which operations can be dispatched, capacity requirements from operations that have already
been dispatched to a period, capacity requirements from operations that have not yet been dispatched to
a period
In the requirements section you can display requirements (dispatched and/or not yet dispatched).

SAP AG 1999
Tuesday
Tuesday
Work center
Order Op. Qt y
14100
Lathe
14200
Lathe
2010
2020
2030
0010
0020
0010
10
5
10
Monday
Monday
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
C
h
a
r
t

C
h
a
r
t

Table section Diagram section
Work centers
Pool
Message line
Capacity Planning Table

- The capacity planning table enables you to carry out detailed planning of capacity requirements
continuously over time.
- The capacity planning table consists of several charts in which the available capacity (operating
time) and the capacity requirements (operation duration) are grouped according to various criteria
and can be displayed on the same axis. For example, all the capacity requirements for one order or
all the capacity requirements that have been dispatched to one capacity can be grouped together.
- Each chart can have its own title bar and is made up of a table section and a diagram section:

The table section contains information for identifying and describing the objects displayed in the
diagram section.

The diagram section has a window on the virtual time axis in which the available capacity and the
capacity requirements are displayed in graphical form with the start and finish date. This window
displays the same section for all the charts. This section can be changed as much as you like by
altering the scale.

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-10
SAP AG 1999
Capacity load
Available capacity
Pool
Order - 1
Order - 2
Dispatching

Automatic or manual dispatching of orders to times with remaining available capacity.
Automatic as well as manual dispatching using planning strategies.
Orders with dispatched operations are scheduled using midpoint scheduling.

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-11
SAP AG 1999
Determining the dispatching date
- by scheduling or manually by the user -
Carrying out checks when dispatching
- checking dates and work center -
Specifying the dispatching sequence
- when dispatching several operations at the same time -
Executing finite scheduling
Checking results of dispatching
- Operation date -
Setting the status " dispatched"
Executing midpoint scheduling
Writing
a
planning
log
Dispatching Procedure

The central function of capacity leveling is the dispatching of operations. Operations are dispatched so as
to fix them at a point in time when there is sufficient capacity for them to be carried out.
If you have set the indicator Finite scheduling in the strategy profile then the system looks for remaining
available capacity depending on the planning direction.
During dispatching the user can enter another work center, if necessary. The work center may not be
locked or marked for deletion.
A planning log is written for all planning activities.
If errors arise during dispatching then it can be terminated (you can set this in the strategy profile).
Midpoint scheduling is dealt with in detail in the unit Capacity leveling part 2.

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-12
SAP AG 1999
Select
operation
Select
operation,
capacity
and period
Select
operation
Select operation
Manual dispatching
by
dragging and dropping
to desired point
in time
Dispatch
manually
Dispatch
Dispatch
1
2
3 4
Capacity planning table
Capacity planning table (tabular) Capacity planning table (tabular)
Types of Dispatching (tabular)

This graphic shows the four possible ways of determining the dispatching date.
The third way distinguishes between internally processed operations (plant maintenance and networks)
and operations that are subdivided into operation segments (production order): internally-processed
operations corresponding to the strategies:
earliest / latest start date
depending on distribution keys
operations with operation segments always with the latest start date for the operation
In the first way you can also change the date, time and work center.
The fourth way of dispatching is only possible on the capacity planning table as is dealt with in detail in
the unit Capacity leveling part 2.
If operations are not to be automatically dispatched on the planning table (tabular form), then you should
set the indicator Date entry on dispatching in the strategy profile. In this case a dialog box is displayed
for entering the time for the function Dispatch.

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-13
SAP AG 1999
In this unit you can di spatch operations to the
capacity planning table (tabular form).
Capacity Leveling (part 1): Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-14
Capacity Leveling (Part 1) Exercises

Unit: Capacity Leveling (Part 1)
Topic: Capacity Planning Table (tab.)

Execute capacity leveling with the capacity planning table
(tabular form)

You are a capacity planner and want to simulate capacity leveling
for particular work centers using the capacity planning table
(tabular form), and only save the finished results.
1-1 Carry out capacity leveling with the capacity planning table (tabular form) for the work
centers T-M##, T-V##and T-L##, only for capacity category 002.
1-1-1 Call up the capacity planning table (tabular form) from the work center view
and specify your three work centers. Pay particular attention to the selection
criteria for the other input fields.
1-1-2 Before you press Continue, save the selection criteria you entered as a variant.
Use V-##as a variant name and group ##as the meaning.
1-1-3 Look for the capacity requirements for work center T-V##and switch the view
to display just one requirements type.
1-1-4 To see the latest start dates for the capacity requirements in the lower chart
switch to a wide screen display for the planning table.
1-1-5 Dispatch the operation with an operation quantity of 120 pieces.
1-1-6 Display only those requirements that have been dispatched.
1-1-7 Display all the requirements again and dispatch another operation 20 with the
operation quantity of 100 pieces to work center T-L##.
1-1-8 Look at the planning log and analyze the planning situation at the work center
T-L##.
1-1-9 Go from the capacity planning table (tabular version) to the production order
and look at the operation status. Now save the results of your simulated
planning.

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-15
1-2 Call up the capacity planning table from the work center view for the work center T-
V##and compare the planning result with the result saved on the capacity planning
table (tabular form).

(C) SAP AG LO230 4-16
Capacity Leveling (Part 1) Solutions

Topic: Capacity Planning Table (tab.)
1-1
1-1-1 Call up the capacity planning table (tabular form) from the work center view
and specify your three work centers. Pay particular attention to the selection
criteria for the other input fields.
Leveling Work center view Capacity planning table (tabular form).
Press the arrow multiple selection to enter your work centers.
1-1-2 Before you press Continue, save the selection criteria you entered as a variant.
Use V-##as a variant name and group ##as the meaning.
Goto Variants Save as variant
1-1-3 Look for the capacity requirements for work center T-V##and switch the view
to display just one requirements type.
Settings Change view. Scroll to work center T-V##
1-1-4 To see the latest start dates for the capacity requirements in the lower chart,
switch to a wide screen display for the planning table.
Settings Screen type Wide screen
1-1-6 Display only those requirements that have been dispatched.
Settings Requirements filter Dispatched requirements
1-1-8 Look at the planning log and analyze the planning situation at the work center
T-L##.
Button Planning

SAP AG 1999
Options for maintaining available capacity
Factory calendar
Work center hierarchy
Configuration sequence
Contents:
Available Capacity

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this unit you will be able
to:
Maintain available capacities
Maintain and assign shift sequences
Available Capacity: Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
Material Auftrag / order
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Capacity reqmts / Capacity reqmts / - -reduction reduction
Detailled planning Detailled planning
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 5

SAP AG 1999
You have made capacity available in
production. This depends on the plant
calendar which is definable differently for
every work day. Therefore you use intervals at
capacities to increase the availability capacity
for periods where requirements are high. You
can maintain this manually or by using shift
sequences.
Available Capacity: Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
Available capacity
t
4
Calendar
TskLst C 1
10 Cent er 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects

The available capacity is the work that can be done by a capacity at a work center per working day.
The available capacity is defined by the start and finish of work, the duration of the breaks, the capacity
utilization and the number of machines or persons.

SAP AG 1999
Work center Work center Capacity categories Capacity categories
Cap. Cap.
Energy
Machine
Transport
Labor
Storage location
Scrap
Pooled capacity Pooled capacity
Cap. Cap.
Machi ne
Labor
Capacities at a Work Center

You can allocate as many capacities as you like to a work center.
Capacity categories serve to identify capacities belonging to the same category.
A capacity category can only be allocated once per work center.
You can maintain a separate available capacity for each capacity category.
If a capacity is allocated to several work centers then it is a pooled capacity. It must be maintained as a
pooled capacity separately before it is allocated to a work center.
To calculate capacity requirements formulas must be allocated in the capacity overview.
To simplify maintaining capacities you can set up a default capacity in Customizing.

SAP AG 1999
Capacity Capacity Default capacity Default capacity
Capacity cat.:
Capacity:
003
ABC
Plant:
Capacity:
Cap.cat.:
1000
ABC
003
Default values for every
capacity category
For example: 001
Pooled capacity Pooled capacity
Capacity cat.:
Capacity:
002
Group
001 Capacity cat.:
Plant: 1000 Capacity: Group Capacity cat.: 002
Reference available
cap.
Available Capacity at the Work Center

The reference indicator is set for the available capacity of a pooled capacity in the work center and so
cannot be changed there.
The available capacity of an external capacity as well as that of a default capacity is copied to a capacity
category at a work center and can be changed.
However, an external capacity can also be referenced.

SAP AG 1999
Break
times
Number of hours Technical and
organizational
disruptions
X
Productive
operating time
Operating time
per capacity category
Number of individual capacities
Time: Work time:
7:00 - 16:30
Work time:
minus
breaks
Productive
work time
Data at
work center
Work start
Work finish
Operating time
per shift
Efficiency
rate
From Work Time to Operating Time

The basic work time (start of work until end of work) at a work center is reduced by break times and
organizational disruptions.
The work time minus the break times is stored in the work center as the operating time per shift.
Technical and organizational disruptions are reflected in the efficiency rate.

SAP AG 1999
Day 5 Day 1 Day 2
Start of work Start of work
End of work End of work
Breaks Breaks
. . .
. . .
Labor Labor
Shift sequence Shift sequence
Shift definition Shift definition
Shift 1 Shift 1 Shift 1 Shift 1 Shift 1 Shift 1
Shift 2 Shift 2 Shift 2 Shift 2 Shift 2 Shift 2
Shift 3 Shift 3 Shift 3 Shift 3
Maintaining Available Capacity using Shift
Sequences

Shift sequences and shift definitions can be used to maintain available capacity in detail for every
capacity category, but only by using intervals of available capacity.
Shift sequences and shift definitions can be created and selected for specific parts of Customizing using
the Grouping key.
In a shift sequence you can define work start, work finish and break times for all work centers.
In shift sequences the specific sequence of shift definitions is maintained for all work centers.
You can automatically change available capacities that have shift definitions by changing the shift
definition.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-10
SAP AG 1999
Interval duration
Standard Standard
available available
capacity capacity
Time
h
h
Interval 1
Interval 1 Interval 2 Interval 3
Not a work day according
to factory caledar
Time
Cycle duration
from to
Available Capacity in the Work Center

An interval of available capacity has a temporal validity.
By adding an interval for a particular period (date from/to) the standard available capacity for this period
is overwritten by a second interval.
If this second interval is deleted again then the following interval is brought forward to the date of the
interval that has been deleted.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-11
SAP AG 1999
Shifts possible ! Shifts useful !
Version :
Shifts not
possible !
Standard available Standard available
capacity capacity
Interval without Interval without
shift sequence shift sequence
Interval with Interval with
shift sequence shift sequence
Screen : Capacity header
Blank
Validity :
Work days according
to factory calendar
Central
maintenance :
Reference capacity
Interval cycle : 1 Work day
Interval of available
capacity
Interval of available
capacity
automatic 01.....
Activate !
automatic 01.....
Activate !
from/to
(any specification of
work days)
from/to
(any specification of
work days)
Reference capacity
Reference capacity,
shift sequence
1 or 7 work days automatically = 7 W D
Breaks : Globally per work day Globally per shift In detail per shift
Available Capacity/Maintenance Variants

You can maintain the available capacity in various ways.
You can interrupt the validity of the available capacity (standard available capacity) by using an
interval of available capacity with a limited validity period.
You can maintain intervals of available capacity using shift sequences.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-12
SAP AG 1999
Assigning
factory calendar
Maintaining
factory calendar
Maintaining
holiday calendar
Definition
Holiday calendar ID: 08
holiday 1
. . .
holiday n
Definition
Factory calendar ID: 01
Holiday calendar ID 08
Definition plant-/holidays per week
Special rules
Plant 1000
Maintaining
holidays
Definition
holiday 1
Definition
holiday 2
Definition
holiday n
. . .
2. 2.
1. 1.
3. 3.
4. 4.
Work center/capacity
Maintaining and Assigning Factory Calendar

Capacities at work centers only have available capacity on work days.
To calculate the available capacity a plant calendar must be maintained that clearly defines the work
days.
Plant calendars are maintained in Customizing and one can be assigned to a plant or to any particular
capacity if it is different from that of the plant.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-13
SAP AG 1999
Manufacturing Turning
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Milling shop Paint shop
Lathe machines
NC-
lathe machine
Lathe machines
in plant 1
Lathe shop
Manufacturing plant 1
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Lathe machines
in company
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Lathe machine
in plant 2
Lathe machine
in laboratory
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Machine t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Work Center Hierarchy

You can place work centers in work center hierarchies. You can have as many work center hierarchies as
you wish.
Work center hierarchies serve to cumulate available capacities and capacity requirements in capacity
planning.
A work center can be assigned to several hierarchies. On this slide lathe machines are assigned to a
hierarchy called manufacturing and to a hierarchy called turning.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-14
SAP AG 1999
Creating work center hierarchy
Setting up requirements distribution
K
D
D
Profiles for capacity leveling / extended evaluations
M
K
Configuration Sequence Capacitiy Planning (2)

A prerequisite for maintaining available capacity is that capacity categories must be created in
Customizing. Labor capacity categories must be defined as such.
To facilitate maintaining available capacity at work centers you can create a default work capacity for
each plant and capacity category.
To cumulate available capacities at a hierarchy work center there must be a period pattern key.
Legend:
M = Mandatory action (Mandatory)
O = Optional action (Optional)
D = Action performed by default setting

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-15
SAP AG 1999
Shift Shift definition per day
MAS MAS PER PER
1 1
2
3
Reserved area for PP
application
51 to 99
Shift grouping
Work break schedule Work break schedule
Shift definition Shift definition
Shift sequence Shift sequence
2 3 4 5 6 7
Validity period, -rules (HR)
Start of work/-finish
Work break schedule
Start/finish of break
Duration of break, according to number of hours
Shift Sequences and Shifts

The tables used for the management of shift sequences, shift definitions and work break schedules are
also used in the application HR.
Breaks are represented using work break schedules and are used in shift definitions.
The argument shift grouping is used to distinguish between table entries for the applications PP and
HR.
The groupings 51 .... 99 have been defined for PP.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-16
SAP AG 1999
This unit has shown you how to maintain
available capacities at work centers and how
to use work center hierarchies.
Available Capacity: Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-17
Available Capacity Exercises

Unit: Available Capacity
Topic: Maintain Available Capacity

Maintain a work center with available capacity.

You require a new work center in your organization and want to
maintain the available capacity for a capacity category Machine
and a capacity category Person at the work center.
1-1 Create a work center for pre-assembly with the following data:
Plant: 1000
Work center number: V##
Work center category: 0001
Work center description: Assembly-##
Person responsible: 0##
1-1-1 When you create the work center with the capacity category 0001, copy the
default values for task list usage, standard value key, control key, and the data
for cost center assignment. Save the work center.
1-1-2 Change the work center and for both capacity categories replace the planner
group with your capacity planner responsible (0##).
1-1-3 Maintain an available capacity that deviates from the standard available
capacity for capacity category 001 for the coming two weeks. There should be
two shifts from Monday to Thursday. On Friday, there should be a shift from
8:00 16:00, with a 1 hour break. Do not use a shift sequence for this interval
of available capacity. For the available capacity from Monday to Thursday use
the possible entries function for the shift definitions. Analyze the available
capacity profile for the capacity category 001.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-18
Assign your work center to the work center hierarchy T-V in the plant 1000. The
superior work center is T-VH. Look at the hierarchy as a structure and as a
graphic.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-19
Exercises

Topic: System Settings

Create a capacity category
Create and use a shift sequence

For some of the work centers in your organization, the same
capacity is not available on each working day. You therefore
maintain for these work centers a special available capacity that
you can use for the available capacity maintenance for all
capacity categories.
2-1 Maintain a new capacity category for the category Person. The key for the capacity
category is P##, and as description you use the group ##.
2-2 Create a shift sequence for the grouping 52 with the shift schedule PA1. The grouping
52 and the shift schedule PA1 were already created during the course.
2-2-1 First maintain a shift definition for an early and a late shift with the following
data:
Early shift valid from today until 9999 with the following key: ##F
Text: 1. shift ## Start: 05:00 Finish: 13:00
Late shift valid from today until 9999 with the following key: ##S
Text: 2. shift ## Start: 13:00 Finish: 21:00
2-2-2 Create a shift sequence with the description PR##. For Monday until Saturday,
use the early shift created in exercise 2-2-1, and for Monday until Friday, the
late shift.
2-2-3 Enter a pooled capacity for the capacity category P##from exercise 2-1. The
description should be VOR##, and the text Person responsible for setup ##.
This pooled capacity is in Germany (Baden-Wrttemberg) and work should
take place 6 days a week. The base unit of measure is hours. The start time is
7.00, and finish is 16.00. The utilization rate is 90% and there are 2 employees
available. Instead of the work time in the standard available capacity, you

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-20
assign this pooled capacity an interval for the next two years using the shift
sequence from exercise 2-2-2.
2-2-4 As an additional available capacity, you assign the work center V##the pooled
capacity VOR##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-21
Available Capacity Solutions

Topic: Maintain Available Capacity
1-1
1-1-1 Use the default values when creating the work center with the work center
category 0001. Save the work center.
Logistics Production Master data Work centers Work center
Create.
Call up all the detail screens using the Next screen button.
1-1-2 Change the work center and for both capacity categories replace the planner
group with your capacity planner responsible (0##).
Work center Change.
Capacities button. Overwrite the capacity planner group for every capacity
category in the header data.
1-1-3 Maintain an available capacity that deviates from the standard available
capacity for capacity category 001 for the coming two weeks.
Intervals button. Insert Button.
Cycle duration 7 and number of shifts 2
1-1-4 Assign your work center to the work center hierarchy T-V in the plant 1000.
Goto Hierarchy Sequences
Edit New entries
Goto Hierarchy Structure
Graphic button

(C) SAP AG LO230 5-22
Solutions

Topic: System Settings
2-1 Maintain a new capacity category for the category Person.
Customizing: Production Basic data Work center Capacity planning
Define capacity category
New entries
Set indicator CapCatPer
2-2 Create a shift sequence for the grouping 52 with the shift schedule PA1.
Customizing: Work center Capacity planning Available capacity Define
shift sequence
Select grouping 52 and select Shift definitions
2-2-2 Enter a pooled capacity for the capacity category P##from exercise 2-1.
Area menu Work center: Capacity Create
Pooled capacity indicator
Grouping 52
Choose the factory calendar ID W6
2-2-4 As an additional available capacity, you assign the work center V##the pooled
capacity VOR##.
Work center Change.
Capacities button
Create capacity Button
Enter the capacity category P##and the pooled capacity VOR##.

SAP AG 1999
Views of capacity requirements
Formulas
Ways of reducing the load
Contents:
Capacity Requirements and Reduction

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of this unit you know how
to:
Call up the capacity requirements for the
various pegged requirements.
Reduce or delete capacity requirements.
Capacity Requirements and Reduction: Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
Material Auftrag / order
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 6

SAP AG 1999
You want to generate capacity requirements
for the various planning levels in your
company (SOP, MRP, SFC, ..). You want to
calculate them using the various scheduling
instruments and with the appropriate
formulas for the capacities affected. Once the
operation has been processed you want to
confirm the work done to reduce the capacity
requirements. For orders that do not have to
be executed the capacity requirements
automaticall y deleted by the cancelling order.
Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
t
Capacity evaluation/ Capacity evaluation/- -leveling leveling
4
Calendar
TskLstGrp C 1
10 Cent er 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects

The capacity requirements are the work that arises at a capacity at a specific point in time because of
the individual orders. The capacity requirements are generated by lead time scheduling.
The following pegged requirements are dealt with in the course:
SOP order
Simulated requirements for long-term planning
Planned order
Production order
Run schedule header
Other pegged requirements include networks, inspection orders, maintenance orders and process orders.
These capacity requirements are dealt with in the relevant applications.

SAP AG 1999
Rough-cut
planning
Production-rate
planning
Detailed planning
REM REM
SFC SFC
SOP SOP
MRP / MPS MRP / MPS
Planning Levels

Capacity requirements can be generated for the various scheduling levels in different applications, that
is, on different planning levels. The capacity requirements that have been generated for a product in an
application at a particular point in time as a result of detailed-, production rate- and rough-cut scheduling
exist in the system in parallel. You can look at the capacity requirements separately on every level.
When a planned order is converted to a production order the production order is rescheduled and the
planned order is deleted. The capacity requirements for rough-cut planning and rate-based planning are
in this case copied to the production orders.
Rough-cut planning is a long-term, aggregate planning. It is period-oriented and uses rough-cut
planning profiles.
Production-rate planning is appropriate for medium-term, period-oriented planning and uses a rate
routing.
Detailed planning is appropriate for the short-term and uses a routing which means that you can plan is
for specific points in time.

SAP AG 1999
Work center Work center Operation Operation
Formula Formula
Setup Processing Teardown
Formula key
Formula constants
Standard values
Setup time
Processing time
Teardown time
Number of splits
Control key
Determining Capacity Requirements

To determine capacity requirements, capacity requirements records are written for every operation and
every capacity.
Every capacity requirements record contains the dates and the requirements for setup, processing and
teardown.

SAP AG 1999
Formulas Formulas
Execution time Execution time
(per capacity category) (per capacity category)
Costing
PRT
(Y/N)
(Y/N)
(Y/N)
Setup
Processing
Teardown
Work (PS)
Setup
Machine
Labor
Work (PS)
Setup
Processing
Teardown
Work (PS)
Required quantity
Usage value
Command lines (ABAP) Command lines (ABAP)
Generate Generate
Scheduling
Capacity reqmts
Costing
PRT
Formulas

Every capacity at the work center can be assigned formulas for calculating the capacity requirements.
The formulas can be used for various functions (capacity requirements, scheduling, costing).
"Generate" controls the immediate code generation for the formula. If no generation takes place in
formula maintenance then it is generated at the time of execution.
A formula can consist of a maximum of 3 lines with the following operation: +, -, *, /, SIN, COS, DIV,
MOD, SQRT, EXP, LOG.
The units of measure are converted automatically.

SAP AG 1999
Formula parameters Formula parameters
Formula definition Formula definition
Setup
Setup
Machine
Machine
Labor
Labor
Teardown
Teardown
...
...
F 1 F 1 F 2 F 2 ... ...
V 1 V 1
V 2 V 2
... ...
The formula definition F3
is missing the parameter
for teardown.
Standard value keys Standard value keys Other origin Other origin
F 3 F 3
General operation values
e.g. no. of splits, lot size
User fields from operation
Work center constant
Values from PRT
Link between Formula and Standard Values

The formula definitions for calculating the execution time and the capacity requirements are stored in the
work center.
The formulas themselves are stored in Customizing as formula definitions. The parameters used in the
formula definitions must first be maintained in Customizing as formula parameters. The standard value
key defines the entry fields for the standard values in the operation. The standard values entered in these
fields are used to calculate the execution time and the capacity requirements.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-10
SAP AG 1999
Formula definition Formula definition
Parameter attributes Parameter attributes
(short/long)
(T006)
(fixed)
(operation)
Formula parameters Formula parameters Origins Origins
(CR04)
Parameter ID
Parameter origin
Keyword
Dimension
Standard value
UMeas stnd value
Field name
Define
Generate
Test
General operation value
Work center constant
Standard value from operation
User field from operation
Value from PRT assignment
PRT constant
General formula constant
Setting up a Formula

The parameters are distinguished by their origin. You can define the following origins for a parameter in
Customizing:
General operation value: The parameter is assigned a field directly from the general operation data.
The value of this field goes into the formula. Typical fields are lot size, basis quantity, number of
splits and the number of employees.
Work center constant: The parameter is assigned a fixed value in the work center and this value goes
into the formula.
Standard value: A standard value is assigned to the parameter that goes into the formula. The
assignment is by means of the standard value key.
User field from operation: The parameter is assigned a user-specific data field for the operation.
Value from PRT assignment: This may involve both the quantity and the usage value of the PRT.
This parameter can only be used for formulas in the context of PRT management.
PRT constant: The parameter is assigned a fixed value in the PRT master.
General formula constant: This parameter can be assigned a value that is then copied to the
application.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-11
SAP AG 1999
Formula Formula
parameters parameters
SAP_02 x SAP_09
SAP_08
+ SAP_05 x ((SAP_09-1) / SAP_xx)
Unit
SAP_01
SAP_02
SAP_03
SAP_08
SAP_09
SAP_11
SAP_04
SAP_05
SAP_xx
Operation value setup
Operation value machine
Operation value labor
Base quantity
Operation value
Operation splits
Var.standard value 1 (teardown)
Var.standard value 2 (per.setup)
Setup branch
T
T
T
Q
Q
Q
T
T
Q
Formula for Formula for
periodic periodic
setup setup
Examples of Formulas

Please note: The operation value must have the same dimension as the setup branch.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-12
SAP AG 1999
Order confirmation
Op.
10
20
30
.
.
.
Individual confirmation
Collective confirmation
Confirmation data Confirmation data
Type of confirmation Type of confirmation
Standard confirmation
Milestone confirmation
Summary confirmation
Manual
entry
BDE data BDE data
transfer transfer
Lock
Technically close
Deletion flag
Set status Set status
Order status
Capacity Reduction

Capacity requirements are reduced or deleted by order confirmation, setting one of the statuses "Lock"
or "Technically complete" or settings the deletion indicator.
The following confirmations lead to a change in the capacity requirements:
Confirming quantities
Confirming forecast standard values
Confirming to another work center

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-13
SAP AG 1999
OR
Standard Standard value value Forecast standard value Forecast standard value
Remaining capacity requirements Remaining capacity requirements
Formulas Formulas per per capacity category capacity category
KBED =Setup +Lot size x Maschine time
50 pieces x 0.1hours / piece =5 hours
Planned quantity
150 pieces
Actual quantity
100 Stck
Forecast value
for work done
Determining Remaining Capacity Requirements

Remaining capacities are determined using a corrected standard value.
The remaining standard value for setup is set to zero after the first confirmation.
The remaining standard value for teardown is set to zero with the final confirmation.
All other remaining capacities can only be deleted by setting the remaining quantity to zero or the
forecast quantity to zero.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-14
SAP AG 1999
This unit dealt with the capacity requirements
for the various pegged requirements and the
capacity reduction.
Capacity Requirements and Reduction: Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-15
Capacity Requirements and Reduction Exercises

Unit: Capacity Requirements and Reduction
Topic: Create Formula

Create a formula for a 50% reduction of capacity
requirements.
Test the formulas you created

In your organization, the people responsible for setup represent a
bottleneck in some areas. You therefore want to determine the
capacity requirements as a percentage of productive processing
time for the work done by those responsible for setup.
1-1 Create a formula for a 50% reduction of capacity requirements.
1-1-1 Define a new formula parameter LO##with the origin General formula
constant and maintain the attributes as follows:
Keyword: Percentage (in both lines)
Dimension: AAAADL (no dimension)
Standard value: 0,5
Standard value unit: %
1-1-2 Maintain a formula definition for a 50% reduction of the labor requirements
with the formula key FO##.

To simplify creating a formula, you can copy a similar
formula definition and change it.
1-1-3 Maintain this formula definition in the capacity overview for the capacity
category P##in the work center V##in the field Processing formula.
1-1-4 Check the formulas for the capacity category with the function Test formula.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-16
Exercises

Topic: Capacity Requirements and Reduction

Execute capacity requirement reduction by confirming to
another work center or by locking an order.

To achieve exact capacity planning in your organization, you
want to confirm the work done. If the work center to which the
load was assigned for processing is not available due to machine
breakdown, you can confirm the work done at the alternative
work center. The confirmation of work done and the cancellation
of the capacity requirements that are no longer required leads to a
reduction in the capacity requirements determined.
2-1 Call up the capacity planning table using the work center T-M##. Create a production
order with the order type PP01 for material T-F2##with a quantity of 500 pieces and a
delivery date of four weeks in the future. Save the planning.
2-2 Look at the capacity loads at the work centers with overloads in the whole of your area
of responsibility.
2-2-1 What options do you have to solve this problem? Write down the better option
first.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
2-2-2 Which work centers have an overload? Make a note of the work centers with
the highest load first.
__________ __________ __________ __________

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-17
2-3 In exercise 2-2-2, you found out which work center has the greatest load. Only look at
the capacity requirements for the first period with a load for this work center on the
capacity planning table (tabular form) and describe how you could level this overload,
particularly on the planning table.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2-4 From which capacity planning instrument can you confirm operations?
___________________________________________________________
2-5 You achieved a result in exercise 2-4 and want the overload in the work center T-M##
to be processed by another work center. Confirm the operation with the operation
quantity 80 at work center T-V##and look at the changed capacity requirements at the
work center T-M##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-18
Capacity Requirements and Reduction Solutions

Topic: Create Formula
1-1 Create a formula for a 50% reduction of capacity requirements.
Customizing: Work center Capacity planning Work center formulas Define
formula parameters for work centers
1-1-2 Maintain a formula definition for a 50% reduction of the labor requirements
with the formula key FO##.
Customizing: Work center Capacity planning Work center formulas
Define formulas for work centers
Copy the formula SAP007
The formula for the formula key FO##is:
( SAP_03 x SAP_09 / SAP_08 ) x 50 / 100

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-19
Solutions

Topic: Capacity Requirements and Reduction
2-1 Create a production order with the planning table (tabular).
Leveling Work center view Capacity planning table (tabular form).
Goto Order Create
2-2 Look at the capacity loads at the work centers with overloads in the whole of your area
of responsibility.
2-2-1 Capacity evaluation for capacity planner 0##Capacity planning table (tabular
form) for planner group
2-2-2 Evaluation Work center view Overload
T-M##
2-3 In exercise 2-2-2, you found out which work center has the greatest load. Only look at
the capacity requirements for the first period with a load for this work center on the
capacity planning table (tabular form) and describe how you could level this overload,
particularly on the planning table.
Call up the planning table (tabular form) for the work center T-M##. Deactivate all
periods by choosing Edit Period Deactivate all per., and only activate the first
period by double-clicking on it. Change order quantity or reschedule order.

Dispatch operation to a period with remaining available capacity.

Dispatch operation to another work center (this work center must also have been
selected).
2-4 Capacity evaluation - Detailed capacity list

(C) SAP AG LO230 6-20
2-5 Confirm the operation with the operation quantity 80 at work center T-V##and look at
the changed capacity requirements at the work center T-M##.
Select line and Environment Confirmations Enter data
Actual data button
The capacity requirement for this operation at the work center T-M##has been deleted.

SAP AG 1999
Scheduling
Scheduling types
Distribution
Contents:

SAP AG 1999
At the conclusion of the unit you should
understand:
The main elements of the lead time with the
origin of the data.
The capacity requirements are displayed
and distributed along the time scale.
Scheduling: Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Capacity Evaluation Capacity Evaluation
Capacity Leveling (part 1) Capacity Leveling (part 1)
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 7

SAP AG 1999
You want to reschedule orders in your
company because of the capacity overload
and therefore need to find out about the time
elements in the order and the scheduling
types. Since in the capacity evaluation and on
the capacity planning table (tabular form) the
capacity requirements are displayed in
periods you need to know about distributing
capacity requirements using the lead time.
Scheduling: Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
10 20 30 40
23
2
2
2
1
10 20 30
Work center
Capacity planning Capacity planning
Basic data PP Basic data PP
Routing Routing
Lead time scheduling
Order dates
Default
values
Costing
data
Operating
time
Available
capacity
Work Center and Lead Time Scheduling

Lead time scheduling is carried out for various order categories (planned order, production order,
inspection plan, maintenance task lists).
Lead time scheduling determines order dates and calculates capacity requirements.
The capacity requirements calculated in lead time scheduling along with the available capacity in the
work center serve as a basis for capacity planning.

SAP AG 1999
10 20 30
10 20 30
PS PF
BS BF
SS SF
SS SF
Routing
Routing
Production orders Production orders
Planned orders Planned orders
Lead Time Scheduling - Basics

Lead time scheduling for planned orders always takes place in connection with the calculation of basic
order dates. If you execute the planning run with lead time scheduling this happens automatically.
In lead time scheduling the scheduled dates are calculated for the order (production dates).
Lead time scheduling for production orders is always carried out using a routing.
The scheduled dates are not transferred from the planned order to the production order.

SAP AG 1999
Order dates Operation dates Time concepts
PS
SS
SF
PF
AD
LD
GI
DDD
ES Earliest start
LS Latest start
LF Latest finish
Lead time or order
or operation
Float times for orders
Lead time for operation
Interoperation times
Processing times in sales
and distribution
Float
before
production
Op.
0010
Op.
0020
Op.
0030
Op.
0040
........ Op.
0099
Float after
production
GR-
Proc.time
Pick/pack
time
Load time Transit time
Queue
time
Setup
time
Processing
time
Teardown
time
Wait
time
Transport
time
LS LS ES ES
PS PS SS SS SF SF PF PF AD AD LD LD GI GI DDD DDD
LF LF
Planned start
Scheduled start
Scheduled finish
Planned finish
Anticipated availability date
Load date
Goods issue date
Desired delivery date
Scheduling / Time Elements in an Order

The two order floats serve different purposes:
Float before production - date shift, capacity planning
Float after production - allow for disruptions
The order floats can be predefined in Customizing and in the material master (scheduling margin key).
The duration of an operation is made up of a maximum of five time elements:
Queue time
Setup time, processing time, teardown time
Process-specific wait time
The duration of the move time lies between two operations but it is assigned to the preceding operation.
The material requirements are scheduled to the earliest start date (changeable in Customizing).
The capacity requirements can be displayed at the earliest or at the latest dates.

SAP AG 1999
Special types Special types
Today scheduling
Midpoint scheduling
Finite scheduling
Onl y capacity requirements
Basic dates exact to the hour
Scheduling types Scheduling types
1 1
2 2
3 3
Forward scheduling
Backward scheduling
Scheduling to the day
4 4
Starting from
Day as basic start
Order finish date
Order start date
No scheduling
Production-, process order
As of current date
As of operation
With available capacity
check
Scheduling Types

Scheduling types (forwards, backwards) are assigned to the appropriate order types as default values.
Today scheduling is automatically triggered for orders with a start date in the past.
Midpoint scheduling is used in capacity planning and automatically executed for orders with
dispatched operations.
Finite scheduling takes into account the available capacity at the individual work centers.
With the scheduling type Only capacity requirements the dates of the operations are drawn from the
basic dates and the capacity requirements are calculated for these dates.
As of Release 4.0 basic dates with the time can be determined for process orders and production orders.

SAP AG 1999
10 30 20
PS
10 30 20
Order not started Order not started
Todays date
SS SF
PF
PS
SS SF
PF
Today Scheduling

For a scheduling result with a start date in the past the system automatically carries out scheduling again
with the scheduling direction forwards and the current date. When it does this the system carries out
reduction measures contained in the reduction strategies specified in the operations.
The reducible time elements along with the reduction strategy and the sequence are defined in
Customizing for each order type and planner group.
Reduction options:
Queue time to minimum queue time
Processing time using the settings for optional splitting and overlapping
Move time to minimum move time
Float before and after production as a percentage

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-10
SAP AG 1999
Conversion to seconds'
Conversion to seconds'
Perform. effic. per. act. type
Perform. effic. per. act. type
Formula from work center
Formula from work center
Time factor
Time factor
= 5,08h
Machine time
4h
14400 sec
14400 (4h)
Ideal exe.tm. X
time factor
14400 sec
100%
Mach x Lot /
Base quantity
Work time (8h) /
prod. op. time. (6,3h)
= 1,27
Standard values Standard values op. op.
New standard value New standard value
Ideal execution time Ideal execution time
Duration on time axis Duration on time axis
Scheduling / Performance Efficiency

To get from the standard values in an operation to the execution time various arithmetical operations are
carried out.
The standard values are first converted to the unit of time seconds and adjusted using the performance
efficiency rate.
The ideal execution time is calculated using a formula key from the work center.
The ideal execution time is adjusted using the internally calculated time factor which is determined by
the efficiency rate and the break times.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-11
SAP AG 1999
False
False
Correct
Correct
Work start
Work start
Work finish
Work finish
8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00
8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00
'Ideal' execution time 'Ideal' execution time 4 h 4 h
Dispatched execution time: Dispatched execution time: 5,08 h 5,08 h
Correction of Execution Time

The ideal execution time cannot generally be achieved in business practice since breaks and disruptions
interrupt work.
With lead time scheduling the execution time is adjusted to take account of these facts.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-12
SAP AG 1999
Dates:
Distribution at earliest or
latest date
Distribution pattern
Duration [%]
Type:
Distribution by function
or discrete (point in time)
Basis of distribution:
Factory calendar
Gregorian calendar
Operating time
Distribution strategy Distribution function
Distribution pattern
Requirements [%]
Capacity distribution Capacity distribution
Distribution of Capacity Requirements

Capacity requirements are saved for each operation (order) and capacity category on the databank
(KBED).
For display purposes the capacity requirements can be split up as you like using distribution functions.
Capacity requirements is only used for the display per period.
Orders only determine the duration and capacity requirements of operations. The distribution takes place
using a distribution key for every capacity category.
The distribution strategy defines the dates, type and basis of a distribution.
The distribution function consists of a series of basic values each of which contains a percentage time
value and a percentage requirements value.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-13
SAP AG 1999
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa So Mo Tu We Th
0% 30% 50% 80% 100%
Mo Tu We Th Fr Mo Tu We Th
0% 30% 50% 50% 80%
Fr
100%
Sa So
Not a
work day
Mo Tu We Th Fr Mo Tu We Th
0% 30% 50%
Fr Sa So
6h 8h 8h 12h 8h 8h 12h 12h 12h
80%
Gregorian calendar Gregorian calendar
Factory calendar Factory calendar
Operating time Operating time
Distribution Basis

The points in time can be determined for the percentage duration using the gregorian calendar, the
factory calendar or the operating time using the distribution basis.
You can only dispatch exact to the hour using the operating time.
In the distribution example using the operating time it is assumed that the requirements are 100 hours.
Thus 30% of the requirements are distributed on Thursday after 8 hours of operating time that day.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-14
SAP AG 1999
In this unit you have learnt about the basic
elements and effects of scheduling.
Scheduling: Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-15
Scheduling Exercises

Unit: Scheduling
Topic: Capacity Distribution

Explain the scheduling of capacity requirements and capacity
distribution.

1-1 Change the following scheduling data in your work center V##:
Location group: 0003
Normal queue time: 12h
Minimum queue time: 3h
1-2 Call up the capacity planning table for the work centers T-V##and V##and go to the
production order with the requirements quantity 80 pieces.
1-2-1 Look at the results of scheduling for the production order in an object overview
(Goto Object overview, time segments). Make a note of the values for queue
time and processing time in operation 20.
Queue time___________ Processing time___________
1-2-2 Dispatch the operation to the work center V##instead of to the work center T-
V##. Select the planning strategy Date entry on dispatching and deselect Finite
scheduling.
1-2-3 Analyze the planning log and look for the dispatched requirements. What has
happened to the requirements? Try to find the requirements by using a smaller
scale and compare the results on the planning table with the scheduling results
in the object overview in the production order. Describe why the duration for
processing is not displayed.
_____________________________________________________
1-2-4 Save the results of planning.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-16
1-3 Call up the capacity planning table (tabular form) for the work centers T-V##and V##.
1-3-1 First look at the requirements for the work center V##. Why have these
requirements not been distributed?
_____________________________________________________
1-3-2 Now look at the requirements for the work center T-V##and explain the
distribution. Determine which distribution key was used and cross out the
incorrect origin.
According to the distribution key in the capacity overview in the work center or
in the evaluation profile.
1-4 True or false:
1-4-1 In the capacity evaluation, the requirements are not distributed using a
distribution key.
1-4-2 The distribution key can be changed in the capacity evaluation and displayed
immediately using the Refresh function.
1-4-3 The distribution key is important for the capacity planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 7-17
Scheduling Solutions

Unit: Scheduling
Topic: Capacity Distribution
1-2 Call up the capacity planning table for the work centers T-V##and V##and go to the
production order with the requirements quantity 80 pieces.
1-2-1 Look at the results of scheduling for the production order in an object overview
(Goto Object overview, time segments). Make a note of the values for queue
time and processing time in operation 20.
Queue time: 0 minutes Processing time: 2000 minutes
1-2-3 Analyze the planning log and look for the dispatched requirements.
The formula at the work center V##needs a standard value for machine for
scheduling and the operation only provides a standard value for labor.
1-3 Call up the capacity planning table (tabular form) for the work centers T-V##and V##.
1-3-1 Select order, Extras Evaluation Cap. distribution
Requirements are distributed over the duration, but no duration could be
calculated for processing.
1-3-2 Now look at the requirements for the work center T-V##and explain the
distribution. Determine which distribution key was used and cross out the
incorrect origin.
According to the distribution key in the evaluation profile.
1-4 True or false:
1-4-1 False
1-4-2 True
1-4-3 False

SAP AG 1999
Contents:
Types of dispatching
Dispatching procedure
Dispatching strategies
System settings
Cumulation using work center
hierarchy
Capacity Leveling (Part 2)

SAP AG 1999
How capacity leveling is carried out (mainly with the
capacity pl anning table).
How to change profile settings or create new profiles.
At the conclusion of this unit you will know:
Capacity Leveling (Part 2): Unit Objectives

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Capacity reqmts Capacity reqmts / / - -reduction reduction
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram (8)

SAP AG 1999
In your production process you want to level
the capacity loads on the resources. You
need to carry out capacity leveling with the
capacity pl anning table using various
planning strategies.
Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
10 20 30 40 50
Scheduling
t
t
Capacity evaluation Capacity evaluation/ /- -leveling leveling
4
Calendar
TskLstGrp C 1
10 Cent er 1
20
30
Bill of material
Material Material
A
Planned orders
Production orders
Process orders
SOP orders
Plant maint.
Projects

With the help of R/3 basic data such as Material Masters, work plans and work centers, as well as
planned orders and production orders, a database is created, which can show the available capacity and
the capacity required.
Available capacity indicates which activity produces a capacity each day. A capacity is always assigned
to at least one work center.
Capacity requirements shows how much capacity the individual orders need at a certain point in time.
Capacity requirements are determined during lead time scheduling.
In Capacity evaluation, these requirements can now be compared with the available capacity.
In Capacity levelling, orders can be shared out to avoid overloading. This way it is possible to leverage
the suitable resources or to plan optimal scheduling with sort criteria.

SAP AG 1999
Tuesday
Tuesday
Work center
Order Op. Qt y
14100
Lathe
14200
Lathe
2010
2020
2030
0010
0020
0010
10
5
10
Monday
Monday
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
C
h
a
r
t

C
h
a
r
t

Table section Diagram section
Work centers
Pool
Message line
Capacity Planning Table

- The capacity planning table enables you to carry out detailed planning of capacity requirements
continuously over time.
- The capacity planning table consists of several charts in which the available capacity (operating
time) and the capacity requirements (operation duration) are grouped according to various criteria
and can be displayed on the same axis. For example, all the capacity requirements for one order or
all the capacity requirements that have been dispatched to one capacity can be grouped together.
- Each chart can have its own title bar and is made up of a table section and a diagram section:

The table section contains information for identifying and describing the objects displayed in the
diagram section.

The diagram section has a window on the virtual time axis in which the available capacity and the
capacity requirements are displayed in graphical form with the start and finish date. This window
displays the same section for all the charts. This section can be changed as much as you like by
altering the scale.

SAP AG 1999
Select
operation
Dispatch
manually
1
Select
operation,
capacity
and period
Dispatch
2
Select
operation
Dispatch
3
Select operation
Manual dispatching
using
Drag and Drop
to desired
point in time
4
Capacity planning table (tab.)
Capacity planning table Capacity planning table
Types of Dispatching (Graphical)

This graphic represents the ways of determining the dispatching date.
To specify that operations are not to be dispatched automatically on the planning tables, set the indicator
Date entry on dispatching in the strategy profile. When this indicator is set then when you execute the
function Dispatch the system displays a dialog box where you specify the dispatching date.

SAP AG 1999
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
1 1
Midpoint scheduling
Operation date check
Finite scheduling
Setup time optimization
Sort operations (sequence)
Specify dispatching dates
Specify operations to be dispatched
Dispatching Operations

The dispatching dates are the start dates for the search for remaining available capacity in finite
scheduling. You can specify them in several ways:
Manual entry
Using the scheduled operation dates (lead time scheduling of production order)
Drag and drop with the mouse
Finite scheduling is a special type of lead time scheduling with an availability check. Finite scheduling
is only carried out for operations whose work centers have the indicator Relevant for finite scheduling.
Midpoint scheduling can be executed either during the simulation or on saving.

SAP AG 1999
Available capacity
not shareable
Op. 1
Op. 2
Op. 3
Shareable capacity Shareable capacity
Available capacity
Overload factor
Overload factor Overload factor
Available capacity
shareable
Op. 1
Op. 2
Indicator: Relevant for finite scheduling
Planning Details at the Work Center / Capacity

You can maintain further planning details for capacity planning for each capacity category.
Indicator: Relevant for finite scheduling. If this indicator is set the system checks the current dispatched
load when searching for remaining available capacity.
The indicator Can be used by several operations allows a multiple commitment when dispatching
operations to a capacity. With a non-shareable capacity only one operation can be dispatched at any
point in time. That means that the available capacity of another individual capacity is not taken into
account for this capacity category.
The overload factor increases the available capacity by this percentage on the capacity planning table
(tabular form).

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-10
SAP AG 1999
23
2
2
2
1
Unlimited
available
capacity!
23
Changed operation dates and times
Lead time scheduling Lead time scheduling
Order dates Capacity requirements
Finite scheduling Finite scheduling
Finite
available
capacity!
Lead Time Scheduling - Finite Scheduling

Lead time scheduling uses an unlimited available capacity to determine the dates for the capacity
requirements.
In contrast to lead time scheduling where the system does not take into account the load situation of the
relevant work centers, finite scheduling schedules the operations taking into account the current load
situation generated by operations dispatched to work centers.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-11
SAP AG 1999
Ind.:
Ind.: Finite scheduling on / off
Search direction forward / backward
Time profile
Work center / capacity
Strategy profile
Search period for remaining
available capacity
Prerequisites and procedure
Sufficient available capacity at relevant date?
Shift operation to date without capacity problems
Relevant for finite scheduling
Overload factor for permissible
overload
Can be used by several operations
Finite Scheduling

When dispatching operations using finite scheduling, the system takes into account the current capacity
loads of the capacities.
In finite scheduling only those capacities are taken into account for which the indicator Relevant to finite
scheduling has been set. By not setting this indicator a capacity with sufficient available capacity can be
excluded from finite scheduling.
Conflicts that arise between the operation dispatched and other operations in the order that have been
dispatched and/or with the order itself, do not lead to an automatic correction of dispatching.
For every operation to be dispatched the system checks whether there is remaining available capacity for
it at the date determined. If the operation has suboperations relevant to scheduling then the system also
looks for available capacity for these.
If there is sufficient available capacity then the system dispatches the operation. If there is not sufficient
capacity then the system shifts the operation to a date when it can be processed without any capacity
problems. You can specify the search direction in the strategy profile using the indicator Planning
direction forwards. The period for the search for remaining available capacity is specified in the time
profile in the section Planning period.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-12
SAP AG 1999
Rescheduling Rescheduling Deallocating Deallocating
Pool Pool
Dispatched Dispatched
Rescheduling / Deallocating

You can reschedule operations that have already been dispatched by specifying a different date and/or a
different work center. In the case of specifying another work center this work center must have been
selected when calling up the planning table.
When deallocating operations the current dispatching date and the status Dispatched are reversed. The
order is rescheduled.
The system can close gaps that arise when operations are rescheduled or deallocated. It does this by
shifting operations according to the key Close gaps in the strategy profile.
Changing the order quantity automatically leads to the operation being deallocated.
On the capacity planning table material availability checks can be carried out for production orders
using ATP logic. The system checks the availability of components at order level, that is for all
operations in the production order for the requirements dates. Operations with missing parts are
highlighted. The result of the availability check can be analysed in the planning log.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-13
SAP AG 1999
1. Example: A dispatched operation
Before dispatching
Dispatch operation
Forward and backward
scheduling
10 30 20
20
30 20 10
PS
SS SF
SS SF
PF
Midpoint Scheduling I

The example shows the dispatching of an operation.
Midpoint scheduling is always executed when at least one operation is dispatched.
With midpoint scheduling the order is not scheduled starting from the basic start or basic finish date.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-14
SAP AG 1999
2. Example: Dispatching a second operation
Before dispatching
Dispatch operation
Backwards
Lead time scheduling
Forwards
10 30 20
50
50 40
10 30 20 50 40
10 30 20 50 40
BS
SS
SF BF
Midpoint Scheduling II

The example shows the dispatching of a second operation in an order.
If only one operation is dispatched then all the operations that precede it are scheduled backwards and all
the operations that follow it are scheduled forwards.
If more than one operation was dispatched then the scheduling direction between the two dispatched
operations depends on the scheduling direction that was selected during lead time scheduling.
If a subsequent operation is completed during a previous fixed operation, then you will be notified of the
duplication in the planning records

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-15
SAP AG 1999
Overall profile
Overall profile
Selection profile
Selection profile
Object set
Object set
Filter set
Filter set
Control profile
Control profile
List profile
List profile
Selection key
Selection key
Reqmts grouping
Reqmts grouping
Evaluation profile
Evaluation profile
Period profile
Time profile Strategy profile
Profil
cap.plan.tab.(tab.)
Profile cap.plan.table
Structure of a Profile (Leveling)

The overall profile contains subprofiles with settings that fit together; there are seven profiles for the
capacity planning table and eight profiles for the capacity planning table (tabular form).
The control profile specifies the type of presentation and the layout of the data. There are also indicators
for restricted planning, setup time optimization and actions to start jobs.
In the options profile you can specify the work center hierarchy name for cumulating available capacity
and capacity requirements and you can specify the distribution key.
The strategy profile specifies the planning strategies for dispatching and rescheduling.
The time profile specifies the period for which capacity requirements are read from the database.
The list profile specifies the layout of the standard overview and the detailed capacity list.
The selection profile specifies which sets are used to determine the layout of the various selection
screens.
When calling up the overall profile for leveling with the capacity planning table the system also uses the
profile for the capacity planning table.
When calling up the overall profile for leveling with the capacity planning table (tabular form) the
system also uses the profile for the capacity planning table (tabular form) and the period profile. The
period profile specifies the periods in which the loads appear. For example, a period can represent a day,
a week, several days or several weeks.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-16
SAP AG 1999
Specification of period split for dispatching on capaci ty
planning table using following indicators:
1 = daily split, 2 = shift split, 3 = hourly split
Specification of point in split from which the system starts
its search for remaining availabl e capacity.
Specification of point in split as start time or finish time of
operation, depending on planning direction,
Specification that an operation is to be dispatched within a
period split
Dispatching to Freely-Definable Period split

If it is necessary that the start times of operations should always be at the start of a shift or that
operations should only be dispatched to a shift if they can be completed in the shift then you should use a
period split to carry out dispatching.
If you want to use this function, select a period split in the strategy profile (for example, a shift split)
and specify the conditions for dispatching using the following indicators:
Start search in period split - The search starts at the first point in the split in the
planning direction and the search is carried out in the planning direction.
Always adhere to period split - Specifies that either the start dates or the finish dates of operations
should always be on points in the period split.
Operation completely in period split - Specifies that the start time and finish time of an operation
must lie within a split interval.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-17
SAP AG 1999
Positioning on the time axis
Selecting and moving groups of operations
Changing the scale
Planning - information functions
Enhanced Handling Functions 1

To position the graphical object at the start of the time axis, choose Edit - Position on time axis. With the
first graphical object the time axis is positioned such that the first graphical object in a selected line
appears at the left-hand edge of the diagram.
To dispatch operations on the capacity planning table the objects must be selected. You have the
following options:
Select by clicking with the Shift button
Select by dragging a frame around the operations
Select all objects on a line or in a chart by choosing: Edit - Select - For line or For chart.
Select operations that have certain properties in common by using a selection key and choosing Edit -
Select - Objects belonging together
To change the scale of the time axis in the capacity planning table online choose:
Settings - Scale. You can choose between several predefined scales and a variable scale.
To call up a dialog box displaying data on the work center choose:
Extras - Planning info system.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-18
SAP AG 1999
Strategy profile
Strategy Profile
Planning direction
Dispatching at earli est poi nt in time
Finite scheduling yes/no
Overall capacity load
Insert operation / Close gaps
Date entry when dispatchi ng
Cancel dispatching due to error
Dispatch. sequence
Using order-/operation floats
Treatment of queue time
Dispatch internal producti on
Midpoint scheduling yes/no

The strategy profile is part of the overall profile for capacity planning and defines the parameters for an
individual planning strategy.
Different strategies profiles reflect different planning goals.
You can switch profile interactively during planning.
If the indicator Cancel dispatching due to error is set then dispatching is cancelled if errors are detected
when the system checks the operation and order dates.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-19
SAP AG 1999
Forwards
Backwards
Planning Direction

The planning direction determines the search direction for remaining available capacity.
With automatic dispatching the system searches in the future for a possible dispatching date within the
planning period.
The indicator Change planning direction has the effect that the system changes planning direction
when searching for remaining available capacity if it does not find any in the planning period in the
planning direction.
If this indicator is not set then dispatching occurs in the past.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-20
SAP AG 1999
Dispatching at the Earliest Time

When the system dispatches operations at the earliest point in time it does not take into account the
scheduled dates of the operation.
By combining this planning strategy with the setting "Plan. direction forwards" you can achieve a
commitment without any gaps.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-21
SAP AG 1999
Planning table Planning table
Inserting an operation
Closing gaps
Planning period
Available
capacity
committed
capacity
Backlog
Today line
Planning table (tab.) Planning table (tab.)
Planning Strategy: Strategy Profile

Overloads in individual periods can only be taken into account in the capacity planning table (tabular
form). You can specify that when the system searches for a period with remaining available capacity that
the capacity overloads (for example, because of backlogs) in other periods within the planning period are
to be taken into account. For example, for a planning period with two periods where one has a 200%
overload, no capacity requirements can be dispatched to the following period.
Operations can be inserted in an already existing capacity commitment in the capacity planning table.
The operations that have already been dispatched are shifted according to the planning direction without
changing the sequence. The capacity must not allow a multiple commitment.
The function Close gaps is used when an operation is deallocated or rescheduled. Depending on the
planning direction indicator in the strategy profile the operations that follow or precede the operation
rescheduled or deallocated are rescheduled (shifted) to close the gap that has arisen. You can define the
direction and period concerned in the strategy profile. Thus this rescheduling either finished at the next
gap or at the end of the planning period. You can achieve a commitment without gaps by using the
function "Dispatch at earliest point in time".

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-22
SAP AG 1999
10 30 20 50 40
Queue time = Operation float
Float before production Float after production
X Operation date check
10 30 20 50 40
X
Use operation float
Dispatching period
BS
SS
BF
SF
BS
SS
BF
SF
Treatment of Queue Time

To specify that the system is to check the operation dates and use the queue time you must set the
following indicators in the strategy profile:
Use operation float.
That means that the operation can only be moved within the earliest and latest dates (queue time). The
queue time is calculated according to the settings in the strategy profile.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-23
SAP AG 1999
10 30 20 50 40
X
Use operation float
X
Use float before production
10 30 20 50 40
X
Use operation float
X
X
Use float after production
Dispatching period
Dispatching period
BS
SS
BF
SF
BS
SS
BF
SF
Use of Order Floats / Operation Floats

To check the operation dates and use all the order floats the following indicators must be set in the
strategy profile:
Use operation float. This means that the operation can only be shifted within the earliest and latest
dates. The queue time is calculated according to the settings in the strategy profile.
Indicator: Use float before production
Indicator: Use float after production
The time periods are extended by the duration of the order and operation floats.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-24
SAP AG 1999
Capacity
Various functions Various functions
Order
Inspection
lot
Material
Management
Work center
Stock/reqmts
list
t t
Auftragskopf
Arb eit svorgnge
Mat erialkompon ent en
Fert igungshilf smittel
Kost en Plan
Soll
Ist
20
50
100
Stock-/
reqmts list
Personnel
data
Display / maintenance
Display
Various Functions

With the functions in the upper section of the slide the simulated changes are based on the current data
that have arisen during the simulation.
With the functions in the lower section of the slide the data is read from the database without taking into
account the current planning situation on the planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-25
SAP AG 1999
Defining distribution of requirements
K
D
D
Profiles for capacity leveling
Creating a work center hierarchy
K
M
Configuration Sequence Capacity Planning (3)

Legend:

M = Mandatory action

O = Optional action

D = Action executed by default setting

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-26
SAP AG 1999
Control profile
Selection profile
Time profile
Option profile
Strategy profile
Period profile
Profile
for plan. table (tab.)
Profile
for planning table
List profile
Overall profile Overall profile
Capacity Leveling - Overall Profile

When you call up capacity leveling and capacity evaluations all the necessary settings are taken from an
overall profile. This overall profile can be one provided by SAP or a user-specific profile.
For capacity leveling the relevant overall profiles are tied to a menu option but you can access them
using the appropriate user parameters (see next slide).
If an overall profile is called up for a capacity planning table then the profile for the capacity planning
table (tabular form) and the period profile are not needed.
If an overall profile has been called up for a capacity planning table (tabular form) the profile for the
capacity planning table is not needed.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-27
SAP AG 1999
SAPSFCG001 SAPSFCG002
CYG
SAPPS_G002 SAPPS_G001
SAPPM_G006 SAPPM_G005
SAPPM_G002 SAPPM_G001
CYG
Cap.plan.table Cap.plan.table (tab.) Leveling Leveling
Work center view
Individual capacity view
Order view
Variable access
Project views
Plant maintenance
Work center view
Individual capacity view
(CYA)
(CYH)
(CYM)
(CYO)
(CYN)
(CYK)
(CYB)
(CYI)
(CYE)
(CYF)
(CYP)
(CYD)
Standard Overall Profiles for Capacity Leveling

The values in brackets specify the relevant user parameters where you can predefine a profile.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-28
SAP AG 1999
Control profile
Planning table: tabular/graphical
Presentation:
Per period or continuously through time Presentation type:
Lock objects when reading KBED or in
change mode
Change mode:
Controls structure of menu in display- /
change status
GUI status:
Sort table section immediately after every
change
Sort:
Control Profile

The control profile contains settings such as the type of presentation, whether the tabular or graphical
version of the planning table is to be used or only lists.
With the presentation you define the type of display for your data within capacity leveling. You can
choose between the two types of planning table and the list display.
You use the layout type to specify whether the capacity requirements or available capacity data is to be
displayed per period or continuously through time. The display per period is used for data for example in
the capacity planning table (tabular form) or in the planning tableau. The data is display continously
through time on the capacity planning table.
If the indicator change mode is set then capacity leveling is called up in change mode and you can make
changes to objects. In this case objects can be locked when they are read from the database by setting the
indicator Lock all. If the indicator is not set then capacity leveling is called up in change mode.
The indicator Always sort specifies that the lines in the planning table after sorted after every change (for
example, once a requirement has been deallocated). If the indicator is not set then new lines in the
planning table are added to the end of existing ones.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-29
SAP AG 1999
Selection profile
Hierarchy explosion
Other
controls: Planning individual capacities
permitted
Version of available capacity
Object set: Control reading KBED for objects (work center, order...)
Filter set: Filter for fields of KBED object data read
Requirements grouping: Grouping of requirements into requirements groups
Scheduling level: Selection of KBED records according to detailed,
production rate- and rough-cut planning - scheduling and
specification of order categories
(Note scheduling levels table TCX00)
Selection Profile

In the selection profile you make specifications for selecting, filtering and grouping data relevant to
capacity leveling.
The object- and filter sets define the selection screens for accessing capacity leveling from the capacity
planning menu.
An object set contains criteria and default values such as fixed values according to which objects
relevant to capacity leveling are selected.
A filter set contains criteria and default values such as fixed values according to which the requirements
belonging to the objects selected can be filtered.
The requirements grouping specifies according to which point of view the requirements are to be
grouped on the relevant planning table. They control the correct selection of capacity requirements for
the charts in the planning table.
In the selection profile you can also specify which requirements for which scheduling level (detailed-,
production rate- or rough-cut scheduling) and for which order category are to be read by the system. You
can then process these capacity requirements.
Note: Sets in capacity planning must be imported from the delivery client into the work client using the
report SETIMP00.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-30
SAP AG 1999
Long-term
Aggregate
Bottleneck resources
Periodic planning
Short-term
Indiv.capacities/
persons
Planning to specific
points in time
Medium-term
Period-oriented
SOP order
Run schedule quantity
Rough-cut scheduling
Production-rate scheduling
Production- / process order
Finite scheduling
Rough-cut planning
profile
Routing
Planning recipe
Rate routing
Routing
Master recipe
Routing
Rate routing
Master recipe
Rough Rough- -cut planning cut planning
Production Production- -rate plan. rate plan.
Planning- (Scheduling) Levels

In capacity planning there are three different planning levels.
The capacity requirements on the planning levels each have their own capacity requirements ID.
In the individual capacity planning applications (PP-SOP, master production scheduling, repetitive
manufacturing, shop floor control) the capacity evaluations are firmly defined for a specific level.
Detailed scheduling is generally carried out for production orders.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-31
SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz/Kap.art 14100/001 Drehmaschine
Periode 2.1996 3.19964.1996 5.1996 6.1996
Kapa.angebot 24,0 8,0 7,0 10,0 12,0
Eingeplant 8 33,3%
Vorrat 2 8,3% 6,5 81,2 13,0 185,7%
Bedarf e
Ges.Bed. Mat erial Menge Eh Auft rag Vrg. Beschreibung
6,5 h Welle 1 20 St. 0001891 0010 Drehen
13,0 h Welle 2 35 St. 0001953 0030 Feindrehen
Evaluation period
Planning period
Time profile
Database read period
Time Profile

The time profile defines the following time periods: the database read period, the evaluation period and
the planning period.
All the time periods are defined relative to the current planning date (positive / negative). Various types
of date entry are possible.
All the requirements are read that lie partly or wholly in the database read period.
The evaluation period must be less than or equal to the database read period and reflects the range of
capacity requirements records (KBED records) that have been read.
The planning period represents the range of the KBED records to be dispatched and must be less than
or equal to the evaluation period.
The date for dispatching the backlog is a date to which all capacity requirements records are dispatched
that are at this time in backlog. This provides an overview of the operations that have been delayed. It is
used for the capacity planning table (tabular form), that is for the display per period.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-32
SAP AG 1999
Evaluation profile
Unit of measure: Unit for available capacity and capacity
requirements
Distribution function: Control distribution of KBED
Cumulation of available
capacity:
Cumulation of available capacity using
individual capacities in a work center hierarchy
Evaluation Profile

The evaluation profile contains settings that are important for evaluating data.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-33
SAP AG 1999
Subprofiles define the layout of the
detailed capacity list
Profile for capacity requirements list
Percentage value display
Descending sort
List width
Column width
List profile
List Profile

The list profile defines the layout of the detailed capacity list.
In the overall list profile you can also specify subprofiles for defining the fields to be displayed on the
detailed capacity list. These subprofiles also define the sequence in which the fields are to be displayed.
The profile for the capacity requirements list defines how the fields in the list are displayed.
You can specify a profile for the standard overview and for the detailed capacity list and define one of
them as the default option.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-34
SAP AG 1999
Profile for cap.
planning table
Planning table layout
Reqmts to be displayed
Screen width
Formula to cal culate remaining
available capacity
Start time for dispatching when
rescheduling
(all, dispatched,
not dispatched)
Profile for Capacity Planning Table (tab.)

The profile for the capacity planning table (tabular form) specifies, for example, which requirements
are displayed in which charts as well as the type of requirements to be displayed.
The layout of the planning table is dealt with in the next unit.
You specify what type of requirements you want to display using the key "Rqts to be displayed". You
can choose between requirements generated by dispatched operations and those generated by operations
not yet dispatched.
You can use the indicator Ind. width to control how wide the screen is that is displayed on the capacity
planning table (tabular form).
You can use the field Formula rem. av. cap. to specify the formula used to calculate the remaining
available capacity.
You can use the indicator Dispatch time to specify the time when the operation is dispatched when it is
rescheduled on the capacity planning table. The system proposes this time when an operation is
rescheduled.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-35
SAP AG 1999
Period profile
Period type: Unit of measure of period
(day, posting period, MRP calendar...)
Period duration: Period duration for example 7
Planning calendar ID: MRP calendar
Period Profile

The period profile contains settings that are relevant to period-related displays. These settings include
the period type and the period duration. You use these two entries to specify the period split for your
evaluation period. You can also specify a planning calendar in the period profile. This allows you to
define period lengths flexibly.
The period profile is only necessary if you want to see the capacity planning table with a display per
period. In this case you must have defined a display per period in the control profile.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-36
SAP AG 1999
Profile for cap.
planning table
Chart sequence (max. 8 windows)
Layout ID
Table section
Diagram section
Line representation selection in
table section
Scale / time scale
Graphical object selection
Representation profile
Histograms
Graphics profile
Profile for Capacity Planning Table

The profile for the capacity planning table contains settings that define the structure and layout of the
capacity planning table.
The capacity planning table should be used with the standard setting provided.
Every chart is a horizonal window within the planning table.
If not all of the charts fit in the screen then you can scroll through the chart sequence.
Every chart contains a table section and a diagram section.
You can define the display for the material stock curve in the section Histogram. For example, you can
define the color and width of the line for the chart to be displayed.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-37
SAP AG 1999
Control profile
Selection profile
Time profile
Evaluation profile
Strategy profile
Period profile
Profile
cap.plan.table (tab.)
Profile
cap.plan.table
List profile
Check Report / Overall Profile

The overall profile can be a standard profile provided by SAP or a user-specific profile and consists of a
series of individual profiles.
Since Customizing for the overall profile for capacity leveling is very complex errors frequently arise
when changes are made or new profiles created. The check report is a simple tool that analyzes an
overall profile for errors.
The check report lists the profiles in the overall profile on the screen. The system highlights profiles with
errors. By double-clicking on a selected profile the profile hierarchy is exploded and possible errors
displayed. The long text for the error message specifies how to remove the error and refers to the
relevant transactions in Customizing.
You can call up the check report with the transaction CMCH or in the capacity planning table with the
menu options Settings -> Display profiles. By calling up the check report with the transaction CMCH
and the menu options Edit -> Assign colors you can highlight errors in objects affected (for example,
missing parts in the ATP check).

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-38
SAP AG 1999
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
KAKO/KBED (dispatched)
AFKO/KBED (not dispatched)
PLAF/KBED (not dispatched)
PLAF/KBED (initial status)
Group Group
5KSAPGR1
5KSAPGB5
5KSAPGB9
5KSAPGB6
Description Description Set Set
Requirements Grouping

The requirements grouping specifies which objects are to appear on the planning table. A requirements
grouping generally consists of several groups that are maintained as a multidimension set.
Every group contains a particular combination (production orders, planned orders) of capacity
requirements as well as filter criteria.
These groups are assigned to the individual charts in the planning table. Typical charts in the planning
table include work centers, orders (pool), order (dispatched).

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-39
SAP AG 1999
-
0
-
SAP001
Value Value
0
ARBPL
KAPIE
KAPAR
KBEDS
Field Field
CANUMF
Work center w/o value
KAPIE initial
Cap.cat. w/o value
KBED dispatched
Description Description
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
Group Group
5KARBPL
5KKAPIE_INI
5KKAPAR
5KKBEDSELAVE
Set Set
CANUMF w/o value 5 5 5KCANUMFI
Requirements Grouping - Example Group

The example group has been created as a multidimension set 5KSAPGR1 with 5 basic sets.
The first three lines have the following effects: They calculate capacity requirements for all selected
work centers (ARBPL) and all their capacity categories (KAPAR) that are not individual capacities
(KAPIE).

Groups 1 and 3 generate a new line for every capacity requirement calculated since they do not have a
value.

Group 2, since it has a value, only filters the display for main capacities.
Groups 4 and 5 mean: Assign to this group all capacity requirements (KBEDS), that are dispatched
(selection profile SAP001) but not split (CANUMF =counter for leading capacity requirements record).

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-40
SAP AG 1999
Maschine t Labor t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
8 h
Transport t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
Maschine t Labor t Transport t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y18 h
Labor t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y10 h
Maschine t Labor t Transport t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y6 h
Labor t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y4 h
Work center
group 1
Maschine t Labor t
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y8 h
Work center
group 2
Center 1 Center 2 Center 3 Center 4
16h
10h
10h 6h
3h
2h 1h
Plant Plant
Manufacturing Assembly
Engineering
Lathe shop
Cumulation of Available Capacity / Capacity
Requirements

Available capacity can be cumulated for a specific capacity category, statistically or dynamically over
several hierarchy levels.
The available capacity can be cumulated dynamically during capacity planning.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-41
SAP AG 1999
7 periods
of 1 day
3 periods of 7 days 1 periods of 1 month
Segment 1
Period split key XYZ
Segment 2 Segment 1
A A
B B
Cumulated available capacity for one capacity
category
Cumulation of Available Capacity using Period
Split

Available capacity can be cumulated for a specific capacity category for a specific period. It can be
cumulated statically or dynamically over as many hierarchy levels as you like.
The dynamic cumulation of available capacity takes place during capacity planning.
You must carry out a static cumulation of available capacity when maintaining work centers or
capacities.
You can use a period split key to define time intervals for cumulating the available capacity to a
superior work center.
The period split key determines the degree of detail of the cumulation of available capacity and thus
capacity planning.
The period split key is only used for static cumulation (that is, in the work center).
The period split key is defined in Customizing Work center -> Capacity planning -> Available capacity.
The cumulation of capacity requirements and available capacity is only relevant for the display per
period (capacity evaluation, capacity planning table (tabular form).

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-42
SAP AG 1999
Capacity Leveling (Part 2): Summary
This unit dealt with capacity leveling on the capacity
planning table with various planning strategies, with
creating an overall profile and cumulating available
capacity and capacity requirements.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-43
Capacity Leveling (Part 2) Exercises

Topic: Capacity planning table

Execute capacity leveling with capacity planning table
Reschedule operations

1-1 Execute capacity leveling using the capacity planning table.
1-1-1 Call up the capacity planning table with the variant you have saved V-##. You
have created this variant for 3 work centers in the unit for capacity leveling part
1.
1-1-2 You have carried out dispatching twice in this unit using the capacity planning
table (tabular form): once automatically to the work center T-V##and once
manually to another work center T-L##. Find out about these work centers
using the capacity planning table.
1-1-3 Go to the production order for the work center T-V##. What status does this
operation have?
1-1-4 Look for the dispatched operation at the work center T-L##. To do this, use the
hourly period split.
1-1-5 Do you remember why the duration of processing is not displayed for this
operation? Are there capacity requirements for this operation's processing time?
1-1-6 If you have answered question 1-1-5 with yes, state where these requirements
can be displayed.
_____________________________________________________
1-2 Now dispatch a further operation to the work center T-L##with an operation quantity
of 100. Use the weekly period split again.
1-2-1 Make a note of the following dates in the order for the operation dispatched:
Order: Basic start ______________ Basic finish ______________
Operation 30: Start ______________ Finish _______________
1-2-2 Shift your operation on the capacity planning table two weeks into the future.
Look for the dates in the order and make a note of the order dates.
Basic start: ________ Basic finish: ________

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-44
1-2-3 Reschedule the production order with a finish date that is one week later.
1-2-4 Explain what happened to the dates.
_____________________________________________________
1-2-5 Increase the total quantity for this production order to 110 pieces and go back to
the planning table.
1-2-6 What has happened to the operation? ____________________
1-2-7 Explain why. ________________________________
_____________________________________________________
1-2-8 Save the results of your simulation on the planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-45
Exercises

Topic: Planning Strategies

Create a commitment without any gaps.

2-1 Create a commitment without any gaps using the capacity planning table, Work center
view at the work center T-E##and the capacity category 002.
2-1-1 Select four operations and dispatch them using the planning strategy Dispatch
at earliest possible time.
2-1-2 Why must this planning strategy be used?
_____________________________________________________
2-1-3 Now deallocate the second operation and make sure that the work center still
has a commitment without any gaps.
2-2 You want to make sure that when another operation is dispatched, this operation is
dispatched to a date, ensuring that the basic order dates are not changed.
2-2-1 In the following list, only select the dispatching strategies that guarantee this
condition.
Date entry when dispatching
Finite scheduling
Midpoint scheduling
Cancel dispatching due to error
Use operation float
Use float after production
Planning direction forwards
Change planning direction

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-46
2-2-2 With which strategies must the strategy Planning direction forwards be
deselected? _____________________________
_____________________________________________________
2-2-3 Do not save the planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-47
Exercises


Create a work center hierarchy and use it for leveling
Create an overall profile for leveling
Analyze errors with the check report

In order to carry out accurate capacity planning in a production
area, you want to create a work center hierarchy and level the
capacity requirements as well as the available capacity for the
subordinate work centers by calling up the planning table.

3-1 Create a work center hierarchy with the name H-##in plant 1000.
The hierarchy should have the following structure:

Hierarchy name: H-##
erarchy work center: KS##
T-V## V## T-M##

3-1-1 First create a work center with the name KS##and the description Area-##as a
capacity collector for the work center category 0004. When you create the
hierarchy work center make sure that you only maintain the basic data and all of
the capacity categories.
3-1-2 Create the hierarchy with the name H-##and the description Group-##.
3-1-3 Assign to this hierarchy the four work centers according to the pattern above.
Use the person responsible for your group as a selection criterion.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-48
3-2 Create your own overall profile with the name Z##SFCG... to call up the planning table
for your hierarchy. Use as a reference the overall profile that you find by choosing
Leveling Work center view for the work center V##. Note: Choose the appropriate
planning table.
3-2-1 Copy the overall profile you have found and call it Z##SFCG... using the check
report.
3-2-2 Change the selection profile copied by setting the indicator for the hierarchy
explosion.
3-2-3 Change the evaluation profile you have copied in such a way that you can read
the current capacity requirements and current available capacity of your work
center hierarchy.
3-2-4 Call up the planning table with the overall profile you have created for the work
center KS##and look at the result.
3-3 You want to deallocate a planned order after it has been dispatched in simulation and
you discover that the planned order can no longer be found on the planning table.
Therefore you call up the check report and analyze the error.
3-3-1 Create a planned order with capacity requirements for the material T-F2##with
100 pieces as a stock order with a delivery date in four weeks.
3-3-2 Copy an overall profile with the name Z##SFCG011 using the check report and
the overall profile ZPPSFCG011.
3-3-3 Call up the planning table with the overall profile Z##SFCG011 for your work
center T-P##and simulate the dispatching of the planned order.
3-3-4 Now deallocate the planned order and look at the deallocated capacity
requirements. What has happened? Refer to the help for the status row.
3-3-5 Analyze the error using the check report and try to remove it.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-49
Capacity Leveling (Part 2) Solutions

Topic: Capacity Planning Table
1-1 Execute capacity leveling using the capacity planning table.
1-1-3 Created, dispatched
1-1-5 Yes
1-1-6 If you have answered question 1-1-5 with yes, state where these requirements
can be displayed.
In the capacity evaluation and on the capacity planning table (tabular form)
1-2
1-2-3 Reschedule the production order with a finish date that is one week later.
Select operation and press theChange order button.
Change the basic finish date
Order Functions Schedule
1-2-4 Explain what happened to the dates.
Midpoint scheduling was carried out on the basis of the dispatched operation.
1-2-6 The operation was deallocated.
1-2-7 Explain why.
Lead time scheduling was triggered with the new order quantity.

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-50
Solutions

Topic: Planning Strategies

2-1-2 Otherwise it would be dispatched according to the scheduled dates.
2-1-3 Now deallocate the second operation and make sure that the work center still
has a commitment without any gaps.
Strategy profile: Indicator: Close gaps to end of planning period
2-2-1 In the following list, only select the dispatching strategies that guarantee
this condition.
X Finite Scheduling
X Cancel dispatching due to error
X Use operation float (not with planning direction
forwards)
X Use operation float (not with planning direction
forwards)
X Use float after production
X Planning direction forwards (if float after production)
X Operation date check
X Change planning direction (after all floats have been set)

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-51
Solutions

3-2
3-2-1 Copy the overall profile you have found and call it Z##SFCG... using the check
report.
Customizing capacity leveling Define overall profile
Copy the overall profile SAPSFCG002 with the button Check and the button
Copy overall profile
3-2-2 Change the selection profile copied by setting the indicator for the hierarchy
explosion.
Double-click on the profile number
3-2-3 Change the evaluation profile you have copied in such a way that you can read
the current capacity requirements and current available capacity of your work
center hierarchy.
Double-click on the profile number
Plant 1000, hierarchy name H-##
Select the indicators Cumulation of requirements and Dynamic capacity
cumulation.
3-2-4 Call up the planning table with the overall profile you have created for the work
center KS##and look at the result.
Leveling Variable Dialog
Overall profile Z##SFCG002
Work center KS##
3-3
3-3-1 Create a planned order with capacity requirements for the material T-F2##with
100 pieces as a stock order with a delivery date in four weeks.
Logistics Production MRP Planned order Create
Planned order profile LA
Schedule the planned order by choosing Edit Schedule

(C) SAP AG LO230 8-52
3-3-4 Now deallocate the planned order and look at the deallocated capacity
requirements. What has happened? Refer to the help for the status row.
The planned order is given an internal status Not dispatched and therefore the
group 5 is missing in the grouping in the chart.

SAP AG 1999
Contents:
Sequencing
Other functions
Temporary saving results of planning
Mass processing
Capacity planning with production
versions
Extended Planning Functions

SAP AG 1999
By the end of this unit you will understand:
Extended Planning Functions: Unit Objectives
How special planning functions are dealt with on
the two types of planning table.

SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 9

SAP AG 1999
In your production there are work centers that
are overloaded with capacity requirements.
Thus you use the following methods to try to
adhere to your deli very dates: generating an
optimal despatching sequence, mass
despatching and production versions to
process requirements at alternati ve work
centers.
Business Scenario

SAP AG 1999
3
2
4
1
4
1
2
3
1 2 3 4
Sort operations Sort operations
Finite scheduling Finite scheduling
Sequencing 1

You define the dispatching sequence for the selected operations using the sequencing key in the field
Dispatching sequence.
The operations must either have the same start dates or the indicator Dispatch at earliest start date must
be set in the strategy profile.
Once sequencing and dispatching have taken place the setup standard values are only reduced if the
relevant strategy is set in the strategy profile.
You can also use other sort criteria by assigning sequence numbers in the order header (planned order
and production order).

SAP AG 1999
PG
PSG
SG
SSG
STD
Predecessor group
(setup group category)
Predecessor subgroup
(setup group key)
Successor group
Successor subgroup
Standard value
Plant
1000
Dispatched
Center Work center descr.
June 98 Jul y 98
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29
1906 Paint 1
CW 27
Pool
June 98 Jul y 98
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29 CW 27
Order
600001540
600001650
Deallocate Operation Dispatch
Capacity
Order
Center SG SK
600001666
1906 1 30
1906 1 50
1906 1 50
15Mi n 1 / 40 30Mi n 1 / 20 5Mi n 1 / 30
1 / 50
60Mi n 1 / 10
1 / 50
1 / 50
1 / 50
25Mi n 12Mi n
15Mi n 20Mi n
5Mi n 8
1 / 30
1 / 20
1 / 10
1 / 30
1 / 20 Best time for setup
PG PSG SG SSG STD
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1 Min
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
20
30
50
50
50
50
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
20
50
50
50
20
30
30
40
-
10 Min
5 Min
25 Min
5 Min
15 Min
20 Min
12 Min
8 Min
30 Min
Sequencing 2

With sequencing the setup time of an operation that is to be processed at a work center can depend on
which operation was processed previously at the work center. Thus the setup time depends on the setup
state of the work center. The following functions that automatically take into account the setup state of
the work center are available on the capacity planning table:
Adjusting setup times of dispatched operations
Dispatching operations at the best time for setup (see slide for example )
Dispatching operations in a sequence with minimum setup time (see next slide for example)
To calculate the setup time of an operation these planning functions do not use the setup standard value
from the operation but instead an appropriate setup standard value from the setup matrix.
The setup matrix shows how the setup standard value depends on the setup state of the work center. The
setup state of a work center is defined in the setup matrix by the setup group category and the setup
group key that are stored in the operation. The transition between two setup states is defined in terms of
the setup group categories and the setup group keys of two operations that are processed at the work
center one after the other. The setup standard value saved for a transition is assigned to the following
operation.

SAP AG 1999
Dispatched
Center Work center descr.
CW 26 CW 27
Friday Tuesday Wednesday
1906 Lack 1
Monday
Capacity
Order
15Mi n 1 / 40 10Mi n 1 / 20 0Mi n 1 / 10
Pool
CW 26 CW 27
Friday Tuesday Wednesday Monday
Order
600001540
600001650
Center SG SK
600001666
600001750 1906 1 40
1906 1 10
1906 1 10
1906 1 20
15Mi n 1 / 10
15Mi n 1 / 20
15Mi n 1 / 10
15Mi n 1 / 40
15Mi n 1 / 10
PG PSG SG SSG STD
0 Min
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
20
20
20
20
30
30
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
20
40
10
20
30
40
30
10
20
10 Min
15 Min
20 Min
30 Min
0 Min
10 Min
15 Min
40 Min
30 Min
1 30 1 30 0 Min
1 30 1 10 Min
1 40 1 50 Min
1 40 1 40 Min
1 40 1 30 Min
40
10
20
30
Sequencing 3

In this example the dispatching sequence is determined by the setup optimization function instead of by
the sequencing key. In setup time optimization the standard value for setup is changed. This has the
effect that the values for the duration and capacity requirements are recalculated using the formulas.
The setup group key and setup group category are a prerequisite both for setup time optimization and for
the sort sequence.
A field Initial setup state has been integrated into the strategy profile. This field allows you to maintain a
predecessor operation for the first operation to be dispatched so that a setup time adjustment can be
executed. Operations are also deemed predecessor operations if they lie outside the planning period but
within the evaluation period.

SAP AG 1999
Changes to operations
Dispatching operations
User-specific sort
(function) module
Sort selected operations
User Exits
Function
Dispatch
Reschedule
Deallocate
Update
Change options
Dates
Standard values
Work centers
Sequence numbers
of operation
of orders

The user exit is an interface predefined by SAP. You can use the user exit to make customer
enhancements without making changes to original SAP objects. The enhancement concept is dealt with
in the course BC425.
You access the user exit for changing operation data (CY190001) from the planning table with the menu
options "Function - User".
You can only access one user exit to sort capacity requirements (CYPP0001) using the interface defined
in the program. If a user exit has been activated for the sort sequence then the sequence key is ignored.
You can automatically fix time periods for dispatching on the capacity planning table using the
enhancement (CY040001).
In the table sections of the planning tables you can use the enhancement (CYPP0002) to fill the text
fields with any user-specific data you like.

SAP AG 1999
Additional Functions 1
Changing time periods
Generating a shift split
Hiding break times
Inserting date markers
Displaying multiple commitments

To change the time periods on the initial screen, choose Time profile. On the capacity planning table you
can change the evaluation period and the planning period. On the capacity planning table (tabular form)
you can also change the database read period.
You can display the shift calendar for a capacity on the capacity planning table. You can define the
properties of the shift split and the time fence belonging to it in Customizing for capacity leveling under
Define time scale profile.
You can specify that the system is to hide non-work periods that are common to all capacities when the
capacity planning table is called up. You specify this in Customizing under Define time scale by setting
the indicator Hide NW periods.
To aid orientation you can insert date markers in the diagram section of the capacity planning table. In
Customizing for the capacity planning table under Define chart sequence you must enter a color
category in the chart position.
In Customizing for capacity leveling under Define chart sequence you can specify that multiple
commitments are automatically displayed in the capacity planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-10
SAP AG 1999
Additional Functions 2
Creating an order
Copying data from other structures
Maintenance times of capacities

You can create a production order in both types of planning table. The order is scheduled automatically
and you automatically branch back to the planning table to dispatch orders.
On the capacity planning table you can copy data from other structures to production orders and
maintenance orders. For example, you can copy material data from the structure MARA in the capacity
planning table (tabular form) and in the capacity planning table (table section) using the sort layout key.
If a work center is being maintained then the capacity at the work center carrying out the maintenance is
not available at this time. This capacity is assigned an unchangeable commitment. To do this you must
make the appropriate entry for the state of the machine in the maintenance order.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-11
SAP AG 1999
Work Centers
W. Cntr Descri pti on Cap
June 97 Jul y 97
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29
1310 Assembl y I 2
CW 27
Work centers
June 97 Jul y 97
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29 CW 27
Materi al Order
100-500 18752
Deallocate Operation Dispatch Capacity Order
Material stock
Material Stock Curves

You can hide and show a chart with material stock curves for the materials to be produced on the
capacity planning table. These curves are not automatically updated but updating can be triggered if
order data has been changed. The stock receipts are displayed in a daily period split for the material
selected. The material is only displayed as a receipt once the last operation in the order has been
processed.
You can specify the type of stock curve in Customizing (available stock, safety stock, day's supply).
The overall profiles SAPSFCG001 and SAPSFCG004 are equipped with this function.
Prerequisites in Customizing:
In Define profile for capacity planning table you must specify the axis- and curve representation
selection.
In Define requirements grouping you must define a grouping with the usage 1 =material stock
curve.
In Define layout you must maintain for the material stock curves a further chart with an appropriate
grouping and sort.
In Define chart chart sequence you must maintain a chart position for the other chart and activate Use
as histogram.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-12
SAP AG 1999
Work Centers
W. Cntrs Descri pti on Cap
June 97 Jul y 97
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29
1310 Assembl y I 2
CW 27
Work centers
June 97 Jul y 97
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29 CW 27
Materi al Order
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
Capacity
Order
Company holiday
1320 Assembl y II
Planning period fixed
Planning in Non-Work Periods / Fixing

Planning in non-work periods is especially useful for plant maintenance. With this function you can
dispatch operations to non-work periods without first changing the available capacities in the work
centers.
The indicator Planning in non-work periods determines that during dispatching the system ignores the
calendar, operating times and available capacities. Then a full 24 hours are available for the available
capacity.
You can fix planning intervals on the capacity planning table. You can no longer change planning in
these time intervals. You cannot deallocate or reschedule operations in these periods and new operations
cannot be dispatched to them.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-13
SAP AG 1999
Leveling Variable
Own overall profile Own overall profile
Onl y on capacity Onl y on capacity
planning table planning table
(graphical) (graphical)
Restricted planning Restricted planning
functions functions
No changing of orders No changing of orders
No changing of available No changing of available
capacity capacity
No planning of No planning of
individual capacities individual capacities
Reading the most Reading the most
important order important order
data data
No locking of No locking of
orders when orders when
reading reading
Temporarily Saving Results of Planning

You can temporarily save planning results without automatically leaving the planning table by calling up
the capacity planning table with the overall profile SAPSFCG016. You can see information on the result
in a saving log.
Conditions:

In the control profile the indicator Restrict. plan must be set and the GUI-status, change status
SAPPLT05, for the pull-down menu.

Midpoint scheduling should be turned on to update the planning table. Otherwise an inconsistency will
arise when temporarily saving because the orders will have been rescheduled.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-14
SAP AG 1999
Order 4711
Order 4725
Order ........
.
.
.
Mass dispatching
online / batch
Work Centers
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29
1310 Assembl y
CW 27
Work Centers
CW 26 CW 28 CW 29 CW 27
100-500 18752
J
O
B
Mass Processing

Mass processing in production planning and control can be used anywhere where large amounts of data
is being processed.
The main use if with automatic dispatching and deallocating of operations for preselected work centers
in batch. For example, you can specify that for specific work centers at the start of each week the pool of
orders is automatically dispatched.
Mass dispatching can affect the following profiles by calling up the overall proflile:
Selection profile
Strategy profile
Time profile
Requirement grouping and planning are of no significance to individual cpacities.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-15
SAP AG 1999
Version 1
Material master (MRP 4)
Routing
group 1/1
Center A
Version 2
Routing
group 1/2
Center B
Version 3
Routing
group 1/3
Center C
Pool
Material Order
100-500 18752
100-500
100-500
18767
18752
CW 26 CW 29 CW 27 CW 28
Op. 10
Ctr 1020
Op. 10
Ctr 1020
Op. 10
Ctr 1020
Op. 20
Ctr B
Op. 20
Ctr C
Op. 20
Ctr A
Op. 30
Ctr 1022
Op. 30
Ctr 1022
Op. 30
Ctr 1022
Indicator Reschedule with production version
Dispatching function Change production version
on error
Dispatched
Center Description Cap.
Ctr A Assembly I 2
Ctr B Assembly II 2
Ctr C Assembly III 2
CW 26 CW 29 CW 27 CW 28
NEW i n pool
Center
Center A
Center B
Center B
Customizing - strategy profile
Capacity Planning with Production Versions

If it is necessary to process an operation at another work center because of insufficient capacity in a
planning period, then a different work process is usually necessary. Not only does the work center
change but also data concerning times. If the operations to be dispatched involve planned orders then
you can read in the routing again and schedule it again.
A condition is that production versions with alternative routings and production lines must be maintained
in the material master. These production lines must also be used in the routing.
In Customizing the indicator Rescheduling with production versions must be set. With manual
rescheduling to a bottleneck work center the new version is read in, scheduled and dispatched.
With the dispatching function Change production version on error the next production version is copied
to the planned order with automatic dispatching and manual dispatching. The planned order is scheduled
again but not dispatched.
With the strategy indicator Terminate when rescheduling with production version the system ensures
that an operation that is meant for a bottleneck work center can only be dispatched manually to a
bottleneck work center of another version.
Note: When the planning table is called up using the work center view only the work centers previously
selected are displayed. If the operations that were scheduled again using the planned order are to be
displayed on the planning table then these work centers should be selected when you call up the planning
table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-16
SAP AG 1999
Notes on Documentation
Changing the color of graphical objects
Useful notes Color of graphical objects
Changing size of display of data on the planning table
Useful notes Change display area
Copying and changing overall profiles
Call up overall profile and use pushbutton CHECK

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-17
SAP AG 1999
Extended Planning Functions: Summary
You now know about extended planning functions
in capacity planning.
You know how to change colors of graphical
objects on the capacity planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-18
Extended Planning Functions Exercises

Unit: Extended Planning Functions
Topic: Sequencing

Dispatch an operation at the best time for setup
Dispatch operations using setup time optimization.

In order to achieve optimal use of your resources, you want to
reduce setup times using appropriate dispatching sequences. You
therefore create a setup time matrix and create setup group
categories and setup group keys to optimize dispatching using
planning strategies.
1-1 Carry out sequencing for the work center T-L##. You want to dispatch an operation to
already dispatched operations, and at the best time for setup.
1-1-1 Create a production order for the material T-F1##with a quantity of 150 pieces,
starting in 2 weeks.
1-1-2 Call up the capacity planning table for the work center T-L##and the capacity
category 001 using the menu option Variable with the overall profile
SAPSFCG014. Look at the setup group category and setup group key for
operation 30.
1-1-3 Use the strategy Dispatch at earliest possible time to dispatch the operations
with an operation quantity of 80, 120, 130 and 150.
1-1-4 Now dispatch the operation with the operation quantity 500 using the strategy
Dispatch at best time for setup and not Dispatch at earliest point in time.
1-1-5 Leave the planning table without saving.
1-2 Carry out sequencing for the work center T-L##. You want to dispatch several
operations using setup time optimization.
1-2-1 Call up the capacity planning table for the work center T-L##and the capacity
category 001 using the menu option Variable with the overall profile
SAPSFCG014.
1-2-2 Make a note of the order number and the setup times for an operation with a
setup group key 20, and for another with a setup group key 40.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-19
Order no. _________ Setup time _____ Order no._________ Setup time ____
1-2-3 Dispatch all the operations using the strategy Setup time optimization.
1-2-4 Analyze the adjusted setup times.
1-2-5 Compare the result with the setup matrix in Customizing.
1-2-6 Leave the planning table without saving.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-20
Exercises

Topic: Other Functions

Select the graphical objects that belong together
Display material stock curves
Save the planning results temporarily

2-1 Call up the capacity planning table with Leveling -> Work center view for the work
center T-P##.
2-1-1 Select all the operations for material T-F2##.
2-1-2 Select all the operations in the chart.
2-1-3 What is the difference?
___________________________________________________________
2-2 Now dispatch the selection operations in the chart and analyze the material stock for
material T-F2##.
2-3 Shift an operation into the past and update the material stock curve. Leave the planning
table without saving it.
2-4 You want to temporarily save the results of planning without having to call up the
planning table again. Call up the planning table with the overall profile SAPSFCG016.
Dispatch some operations from the area you are responsible for and temporarily save
the simulation results up to that point.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-21
Exercises

Topic: Mass Dispatching

Dispatch or deallocate operations in the background

In your company the capacity requirements are very high and you
therefore want to dispatch or deallocate your requirements at
specific points in time.
3-1 You want to define the control parameters for deallocating operations at the work
centers T-P##and T-V##. To do this, call up capacity planning by choosing Leveling -
> Variable. Enter the name CRP-A##in the field Job name. Mass dispatching should
be executed using the overall profile SAPSFCG001.
3-2 After saving the parameters, you now want to define the batch job for dispatching.
(The indicator Redefine selection must be empty, and the overall profile is set)
3-2-1 Now create a variant CRP-VA##and link this to the job name. The variant
should be called GR##-deallocate.

The variant links the job name with a report for executing
mass processing.
If a variant is already assigned to a job name, then this job
name is also copied over.
3-2-2 Select the variant you have saved for dispatching.
3-2-3 Define the parameters as follows:
Date
Time 2 minutes later
Dispatch once

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-22
3-2-4 Look at the progress of the job.

Additional exercise, if you have sufficient time.
3-3 You now want to dispatch all the operations for the work center T-P##using mass
processing. To do this, create the relevant parameters and variants. Use the job name
CRP-E##, and the variant CRP-VE##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-23

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-24
Exercises

Topic: Production Versions

Dispatch and reschedule operations using production versions

In your company, you are often forced to use alternative
resources for some of the bottleneck work centers. This changes
the processing procedure and also the standard times. Therefore,
you prepare alternative work processes in the form of production
versions to manufacture these products. A planning strategy then
accesses these versions when dispatching operations to a work
center that does not have remaining available capacity.
4-1 You need scheduled planned orders to carry out capacity planning with production
versions. Look at the material T-F2##in the stock-/requirements list and try to get an
overview of the planning situation.
4-1-1 First set all production orders to technically complete.
4-1-2 Carry out an MRP run with lead time scheduling for planned independent
requirements, and look at the planning result.
4-2 Look at the material master and make a note of the critical work centers for your
production versions. Also note that every production version has its own routing which
contains the adjusted processing procedure and the adjusted standard values. Look at
these routings.
4-2-1 Look at the material master for the material T-F2##and complete the following
table:
Version Work center Task list groupTskLstCounter
1 ______ __________ 3
2 ______ __________ 4
3 ______ __________ 5
4-2-2 Use the task list groups and task list counters from exercise 4-2-1 to give
yourself an overview of your routings for material T-F2##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-25
4-2-3 Define your work center T-V##in such a way that the operations can be
dispatched without any gaps.
4-3 For dispatching, call up the overall profile T-G001 for the work centers specified in
exercise 4-2-1 for the capacity category 002. Save this selection as variant FV-GR##
with the description Production version-##.
4-3-1 First dispatch the operations for the planned order with the order quantity 100
by choosing the functions Edit Select Selection.
4-3-2 Shift the dispatched operation to the work center T-V##to two weeks before
the end of the planning period.
4-3-3 Select two more operations from the pool and dispatch these as well. Then look
at the dispatching log.
4-3-4 Dispatch another operation and look at the planning results on the planning
table. Also look at the planning log.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-26
Extended Planning Functions Solutions

Topic: Sequencing
1-2 Carry out sequencing for the work center T-L##. You want to dispatch several
operations using setup time optimization.
1-2-4 Analyze the adjusted setup times.
Functions Adjust setup time Manual
1-2-5 Compare the result with the setup matrix in Customizing.
Customizing: Capacity planning Master data Routing data Define
setup matrix

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-27
Solutions

Topic: Other Functions
2-1 Call up the capacity planning table with Leveling -> Work center view for the work
center T-P##.
2-1-1 Select all the operations for material T-F2##.
Select an operation for material T-F2##.
Edit Select Objects that belong together
2-1-3 In 2-1-1, the operation for material T-F1##was not selected.
2-2 Now dispatch the selection operations in the chart and analyze the material stock for
material T-F2##.
Extras Material stock Show

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-28
Solutions

Topic: Mass Dispatching
3-1 You want to define the control parameters for deallocating operations at the work
centers T-P##and T-V##.
Capacity planning Leveling Variable Background Execute
Parameters for mass processing
Overall profile: SAPSFCG001
Redefine selection: Set indicator
Action: Deallocate
Call up function: Save parameters
Execute button
Specify work centers
Continue button
3-2 After saving the parameters, you now want to define the batch job for dispatching.
(The indicator Redefine selection must be empty, and the overall profile is set)
Back twice
Capacity planning Leveling Variable Background Execute
Enter your job name CRP-A##and the overall profile SAPSFCG001.
Call up function: Dispatch background job
Execute
3-2-1 Now create a variant CRP-VA##and link this to the job name.
Create variant and Continue
Enter CRP-VA## and Create
Specify the job name CRP-A##Continue
Meaning: GR##-Deallocate
Save

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-29
3-2-2 Select the variant you have saved for dispatching.
Back
Place cursor on the variant and press Dispatch
3-2-4 Look at the progress of the job.
Display scheduling button

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-30
Solutions

Topic: Production Versions
4-1 You need scheduled planned orders to carry out capacity planning with production
versions. Look at the material T-F2##in the stock-/requirements list and try to get an
overview of the planning situation.
Production control Control Stock-/reqmts list
4-1-1 First set all production orders to technically complete.
Production control Control Mass processing
Material number T-F2##
Action Complete technically
Technical data without the indicator for Test run
Execute button
4-1-2 Carry out an MRP run with lead time scheduling for planned independent
requirements, and look at the planning result.
MRP MRP Sng.item sng.-level
For material T-F2##with indicator 2 in the Scheduling field
Process control parameters with Display result indicator
Save button
4-2 Look at the material master and make a note of the critical work centers for your
production versions.
Logistics Production Master data Material master Material Display
Display current status
View MRP 4
Versions button
Cursor on a version and Detail button to make a note of the work center in the
Production line field and the group with the group counter.
Next version button
4-2-2 Use the task list groups and task list counters from exercise 4-2-1 to give
yourself an overview of your routings for material T-F2##.

(C) SAP AG LO230 9-31
Logistics Production Master data Routings Routings Routing
Display
Specify the material number T-F2##and plant 1000
Goto object overview
Overview variant 000000000001
4-2-3 Define your work center T-V##in such a way that the operations can be
dispatched without any gaps.
In the capacity header, it should not be possible to use the capacity type for
several operations.
4-3
4-3-1 First dispatch the operations for the planned order with the order quantity 100.
Select a line with an operation for a planned order with the quantity 100 pieces.
Edit Select Selection
Only select order
Edit Select Objects that belong together
Dispatch button

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-1
SAP AG 1999
Contents:
Allocation of individual capacities and persons
Qualifications
Splitting and allocating
Detailed Planning

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-2
SAP AG 1999
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
Explain capacity planning for individual machines and
persons.
Maintain the master data required for indi vidual
capacities and persons.
Sel ect employees qualified to carry out a specific
operation.
Define data required in HR to create qualifications and
requirements profiles.
Use split categories and make selections using a
hitlist.
Confirm splits.
Detailed Planning: Unit Objective

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-3
SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 10

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-4
SAP AG 1999
Because of the continuall y growing
competition and the markets demands
regarding quality, it is necessary to carry out
planning in more detail. Therefore you must
dispatch the capacity requirements of the
incoming orders to indi vidual machines or the
appropriate persons.
Detailed Planning: Business Scenario

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-5
SAP AG 1999
Application Criteria for Splits
Planning of individual capacities and persons
Planning beneath the normal operation level
(capacity requirements)
Planning in more detail than work centers or
capacities
Splitting capacity requirements for the purpose of
assigning work to machines or for planning human
resources in the short term
Use at the level of production control and in the
applications that also use human resources (PD,
PM, PS)

A split is a partial capacity requirement that must be assigned to an individual capacity.
The creation of individual capacities in defined in Customizing by the capacity category.
Splitting involves the splitting of quantities or standard values.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-6
SAP AG 1999
Person A
Person B
. . .
Pooled capacity
setup
Person 1
Person 2
. . .
Capacity category
Person
Individual machine - 1
Individual machine - 2
. . .
Capacity category
machine
Plant
1000
Cost center
4210
Cost center
4220
Machine group
1113
Machine group
1904
. . .
. . .
Machine group
1901
Levels of Detail

Detailed planning of resources and commitments up until now required maintaining a machine or an
employee as a work center. By subdividing the capacities at a work center into individual capacities the
work involved in maintaining them is significantly reduced.
If no available capacity has been maintained for the individual capacities then the available capacity of
the main capacity is used.
Any number of people from the Personnel System or other individual capacities can be assigned to every
capacity when maintaining work centers and pooled capacities.
The corresponding requirements can be assigned and dispatched on either of the planning tables.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-7
SAP AG 1999
Checks made against HR - tables
Qualification
Person
Position
Individual capacity
Capacity category: Labor Capacity category: Not labor
Capacity Assignments

These four elements can be assigned to the capacity.
The possible assignments depend on the capacity category.
You can only maintain links to persons, qualifications and positions if the SAP Human Resources
(HR) module has been implemented. These assignments can also be made to the work center header.
Assigning individual capacities to a capacity allows you to carry out more detailed planning within
capacity planning. This assignment allows you to divide up the capacities for example into individual
machines for which available capacities can also be maintained.
Linking persons with the capacity allows you to specify individual employees who are selected to work
at this capacity. The assigned persons must already exist in the human resources system.
Assigning a qualification to a capacity guarantees that a person will be selected to work at this capacity
who has appropriate qualifications. You specify which qualifications are required for someone to work
at the capacity. If the capacity is assigned to a requirements profile then the qualification is determined
by the requirements profile.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-8
SAP AG 1999
Qualifications - Objectives
Search for people,
who can carry out an operation
who can work at a specific work center
who are in a position to carry out a particular job
Direct assignment of operation to a person

In addition to purely manual assignment of individual capacities you can also select personnel with the
right qualifications on the basis of qualification specifications resulting from data entered in the:
work center,
work center capacity and
operation.
You can maintain these qualifications or requirements profiles in the personnel system.
You can also save positions in the operation (the former serve as the bearers of qualifications).
All the data is linked when selecting a suitable person.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-9
SAP AG 1999
Routing /
order Work center Capacity
Requirements profiles,
job or position
qualifications
qualifications
10 10
30 30
20 20
Qualifications - Abilities Required

In the routing and in the order you can attach requirements profiles, a job and a position to an operation.
You can assign requirements profiles and qualifications (with characteristics) to work centers and
capacities.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-10
SAP AG 1999
Qualifications/
requirements
Requirements
profile
Position
Maschine operator A1
Knowledge of English
Experience in lathing
Experience in drilling
Certified with QM deparment
At least 3 years in the machining room
NC Programming experience
Person Person
Mr Mr. Smith . Smith
Qualifications - Assignments

You define a requirements profile in the HR System. To work with the profile it must be linked with one
or more qualifications. You can assign a characteristic to every qualification.
An HR work center must be created if requirements profiles are to be assigned in work center
maintenance. This is not necessary with an assignment to a capacity with the category "labor".
Labor can also be assigned to positions.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-11
SAP AG 1999
Safety
note
SAP course
NC prog.
experience
Required Required
Qualifications Qualifications
Profile A Profile A
Operation
Work center
Capacity
Requirements Requirements
profile profile
Assignments Assignments
Requirements Profiles

When you maintain work centers or capacities you can assign more that one object from the PD system.
However, since this close connection does not exist for operations, you cannot assign more than one PD
object to an operation.
Another way of assigning multiple qualifications (requirements) to an operation consists in using jobs
and positions or the new object, the requirements profile. As always, you define a requirements
profile as an object in the PD system. To work with the profile, it must be linked to one or more
qualifications. You can assign a characteristic and a priority to each qualification.
You can use requirements profiles with work centers and with capacities. It is up to the user whether he
wants to assign only qualifications or only requirements profiles or both.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-12
SAP AG 1999
Capacity: Machine
Assign
Capacity: Labor
Capacity
requirements:
Machine
Capacity
requirements:
Labor
Work center /
capacity
Splitting and Allocating

You can assign any number of individual capacities or persons from the personnel system (PD) to each
capacity in work center maintenance. If no available capacity has been maintained in an individual
capacity then the available capacity is calculated using the operating time of the main capacity.
Capacity requirements can be assigned either partly or wholly to individual capacities. Finite scheduling
is not possible for individual capacities.
You can assign all of the capacity requirements to people or individual capacities using the drag and
drop function. You do this on one of the two planning tables from the individual capacity view.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-13
SAP AG 1999
Characteristic
Welding exam
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x
Knowledge of English #
Fitter
x
x
#
Profile comparison Profile comparison
Welding exam
Fitter
Qualification with characteristic ( X )
5
7
3
Person Person
Welding exam
Fitter
Qualification with characteristic ( # )
5
6
3
Requirements profile Requirements profile
Foreman
Ranking List

The ranking list is the result of comparing the qualifications in the operation, the work center and the
capacity on the one hand with the abilities of the individual employees on the other hand.
The system compared the required qualifications of the operation, the work center and capacity with the
abilities of the employee.
The result is a so-called "ranking list".
You can select an employee from this list to assign the capacity requirements to him.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-14
SAP AG 1999
100
50
Different
capacities
Different
times
Different capacities work
on the same lot or the
same job at the same time
but carry out partial jobs.
50
5 h labor time
50 50
5 h labor time
10 h labor time
for 100 pieces
Standard values split or work split Standard values split or work split
Quantity split or duration spli t Quantity split or duration split
Types of Split

There are several types of splits available. The data that is used to define splits depends on the type of
operation (operations with work elements or internally processed operations).
In the case of operations with work elements (SFC) you can split either the quantity or the standard
values of the capacity requirements (or both if this makes sense).
In the case of internally processed operations (PS, PM, PP-PI) you can split the work or the duration.
Splitting the quantity corresponds to splitting the duration and splitting the standard values corresponds
to splitting the work.
It makes sense to split the quantity if parts of the task are to be carried out either by two or more
individual capacities at the same time or by one or more individual capacities at different times and there
are gaps between them.
If an operation can be split into two or more partial tasks that can be executed by different individual
capacities at the same time and for the whole quantity then it makes sense to use the standard value split.
In very specific cases it can be useful to split both the quantity and the standard values. This is also
possible.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-15
SAP AG 1999
Confirmation of Splits
The confirmation of an individual split is identified by its
confirmation number.
Summary confirmation are possible with percentage
values.
Capacity requirements for operation can be reduced
when splits are confirmed (Customizing).

A summary confirmation can only be carried out for splits that have not been partially or finally
confirmed.
The capacity requirements for the splits that were not partly or finally confirmed are reduced when the
operation is finally confirmed. For example, that is possible in the case of splits with very small
requirements where a confirmation would mean too much work.
If the requirements for the operation are only partly distributed over splits then the split requirements are
reduced when the split is confirmed. The remaining requirements that were not distributed to splits are
only reduced when the operation is confirmed.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-16
SAP AG 1999
In this unit detailed planning was explained
by linking individual capacities with the main
capacity.
Detailed Planning: Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-17
Detailed Planning Exercises

Unit: Detailed Planning
Topic: Assigning Individual Capacities

Assign individual capacities to a work center
Assign people and qualifications to a work center

The capacity planners in plant 1000 must assign specific
machines and/or persons to specific operations in contrast to other
plants that only have to assign work at work center level.
Test this functionality by first assigning the three machines to the
machine work center. Assign the two people who are to prepare
the parts to be processed to the appropriate labor work center.
1-1 Assigning individual capacities to a work center.
1-1-1 Assign to the work center T-L##the three following individual capacities: L1##
(machine 1) to L3##(machine 3). Assign these individual capacities to the
machine capacity category.
1-1-2 Change the standard available capacity from L1##and L2##as follows: The
day should begin at 5:00 and finish at 14:00. The break for each machine lasts 1
hour.
L3##has the same hours as the standard available capacity of this capacity
category.
1-1-3 Save the changes to the work center.
1-2 Assigning people and qualifications to a work center.
1-2-1 Assign Manfred Weinig and Udo Schttler to the labor capacity at work center
T-M##. Note: Use the standard matchcode.
Check the persons assigned.
1-2-2 To work at the work center certain technical knowledge is required. Maintain
the following qualifications with the characteristics:

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-18
Qualification Characteristic
Business Process Technology Good
Knowledge of materials Very good
Quality management Very good
As a help tool, use the structure search.

1-2-3 Save the changes to the work center.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-19
Exercises

Topic: Allocating and Dispatching Splits

Assign capacity requirements to machines or people using the
capacity planning table

The person responsible for the machine must define the order
operations as specific machines and people, for which and for
whom he is responsible. First he wants to allocate or split the
work among the machines and persons before he dispatches the
operations. When the work is ready, he would dispatch the
operations to the work center on the basis of these splits.
2-1 Creating a production order for splitting.
2-1-1 Create a production order for the material T-F2##with the order category PP01
in plant 1000. Order 100 pieces, scheduled forwards as of next Monday.
2-1-2 Once the availability check is complete, release the order and save it.
Make a note of the order number: ______________________
2-2 Allocating and dispatching with persons on the capacity planning table.
2-2-1 Start capacity leveling for individual capacities (machines 1 to 3) for the work
center T-L##in plant 1000 for the capacity category 001.
2-2-2 Select the production order from exercise 2-1 from the pool of orders for the
orders to be dispatched. Split the operations and allocate it to the appropriate
machines. Every machine should process the whole operation quantity but with
different standard values: Machine 1 =2 minutes, machine 2 =2 minutes and
machine 3 =1 minute.
2-2-3 What are the two changes on the planning table with respect to the order that
you have just split?
_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-20
2-2-4 Dispatch the splits and save the changes on the planning table.
2-3-1 Start capacity leveling for the individual capacities at the work center T-M##in
plant 1000 for the capacity category 002.
2-3-2 Select the production order (from exercise 2-1) from the pool of orders to be
dispatched. Split the operation and allocate the most suitable employee a
quantity of 60 and the other employee a quantity of 40. Dispatch the splits and
save the changes made on the planning table.
2-3-3 Save the changes made to the planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-21
Detailed Planning Solutions

Topic: Assigning Individual Capacities
1-1 Assigning individual capacities to a work center.
1-1-1 Assign three individual capacities to work center T-L##.
Logistics Production Master data Work centers Work center Change
Select Capacities for the capacity category Machine (001), and select Capacity header.
Choose Goto Indiv.capacities
1-1-2 Change the standard available capacity from L1##and L2##.
Double-click on L1##.
Define the standard available capacity.
1-2 Assigning people and qualifications to a work center.
Logistics Production Master data Work centers Work center Change
Select Capacities for the labor capacity category (002), and select Capacity header.
Select Goto HR assignment.
Double-click on the person and enter the last name in the dialog box.
Copy
Expand person

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-22
1-2-2 To work at the work center, certain technical knowledge is required. Maintain
the following qualifications with the characteristics
Back to the capacity header
Choose Goto HR assignment.
Click on the button Qualifications and then Create.
Expand Technical knowledge general
Select the qualifications
Copy
Evaluate the characteristics using the entry help.

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-23
Solutions

Topic: Allocating and Dispatching Splits
2-1 Creating a production order for splitting.
Logistics Production Production control Order Create With material
Scheduling category 1
2-1-2 Once the availability check is complete, release the order and save it.
Order Functions Release
2-2-1 Start capacity leveling for individual capacities (machines 1 to 3) for the
work center T-L##in plant 1000 for the capacity category 001.
Logistics Production Capacity planning Leveling Individual
capacity view Capacity planning table

2-2-2 Select the production order from exercise 2-1 from the pool of orders for
the orders to be dispatched. Split the operation and allocate it to the
appropriate machines.
Select the operation
Split/allocate
Assign machines and split quantity
Standard values button
Change the standard values for the machine to 2, 2, 1
Enter
2-2-3 The splits are displayed in the chart Splits (not dispatched). In addition, the
requirements were divided up amongst the machines.
Logistics Production Capacity planning Leveling Individual capacity
view Capacity planning table

(C) SAP AG LO230 10-24
2-3-2 Split the operation and allocate the most suitable employee a quantity of
60 and the other employee a quantity of 40.
Select the production order (from exercise 2-1) from the pool of orders to be
dispatched.
Split/allocate button
Ranking list (percentage) Select suitable person for quantity 60 Assign the
second employee the quantity 40. Set the Dispatch (D) indicator for both split
records.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-1
SAP AG 1999
Contents:
Planning levels
Capacity planning integrated with:
Sales and Distribution
Sales and Operations Planning (SOP)
MPS/MRP
Long-Term Planning
Shop Floor Control
Integration

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-2
SAP AG 1999
By the end of the unit you will understand:
The overall integration of capacity
planning on different planning levels
The integration types in capacity planning
Profiles that are used for the various
planning levels
The integration of Sales and Distribution
with capacity planning
Rough-cut planning in SOP
Integration: Unit Objectives 1

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-3
SAP AG 1999
Using capacity planning in MRP/MPS
Capacity planning in long-term planning
Capacity leveling in repetitive manufacturing
Shop floor control functions that are relevant to
capacity pl anning (production orders, operations).
Integration: Unit Objectives 2

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-4
SAP AG 1999
Arbeitsplatz /
Work Center
J ul' 98
W 28 W 27 W 26 W 29
J ul' 98
W 28 W 29
1310
1320
1330
Mont. 1
Mont. 2
100-500 18752
500-300 600001650
100-500 18770
500-300 600001699
J un' 98
1310
1320
1330
Arbeitspltze
Overview Overview
Overview Diagram 11

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-5
SAP AG 1999
You want to plan the resources for the future for your
company. For this purpose you need the capacity
requirements, for example, already at the planning
stage. This is possible when you, while creating a
sales plan, calculate the capacity requirements in the
individual production areas with a rough-cut planning
profile. You can pass these requirements along the
whole process chain and thus recognize your
capacity load in each planning phase.
Integration: Business Scenario

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-6
SAP AG 1999
PP
SOP
PP
MPS
PP
MRP
PP
REM
PP
SFC
PP
PI
Capacity
Planning
SD
PM
PM
Service
PS
PD
Integration of Capacity Planning (2)

The integration with the following functions is dealt with in this unit:
Sales and Distribution
Sales and Operation Planning (SOP)
MPS/MRP
Long-term planning
Repetitive manufacturing
Shop floor control
The integration with other functions is dealt with in the relevant courses.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-7
SAP AG 1999
Master production scheduling
Shop floor control
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y

p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
MPS MPS
MRP MRP
Long-term
planning
LTP LTP
SFC/REM SFC/REM
Planned independent
requirements
Sales and Operations Planning Sales and Operations Planning
Material requirements planning
Production order/
run schedule headers
SOP SOP
CRP Along the Process Chain

Sales and Operations Planning
No detailed planning involving exploding bill of material and scheduling routing
Rough-cut scheduling
Master Product Scheduling
Separate planning run only for master schedule items without further planning of the bill of material
structure
Scheduling: Rough-cut, - production-rate
Material Requirements Planning
Planning run with complete planning of bill of material structure
Scheduling: Production-rate, - detailed
Shop Floor Control
Conversion of planning data from material requirements planning into concrete production orders
Detailed scheduling
For the continuous production of a product that remains the same over a long perio
Detailed scheduling
Long-Term Planning
To simulate several versions of the production plan

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-8
SAP AG 1999
MRP
SOP / MPS
SFC
Start
Sales plan
Demand program
Master plan
Capacity leveling
Scheduling
Detailed
Production-rate
Rough-cut
Including sales orders
Material requirements planning
Scheduling
Changing planned dates
Capacity planning
Creating production orders
Scheduling
Releasing production orders
Order execution
Confirmation
Planning Phases

Scheduling and the calculation of capacity requirements can take place on different levels depending on
the application area:
rough-cut scheduling
production-rate scheduling
detailed scheduling

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-9
SAP AG 1999
Rough-cut
planning
Producton-rate
planning
Detailed pl anning
SOP SOP
MRP / MPS MRP / MPS
REM REM
SFC SFC
Integrated Planning Levels

Capacity requirements are always attached to an order. If there are several capacity requirements for a
material from various planning levels they are copied when the planned order is converted to the
production order.
Rough-cut planning
Long-term, aggregate
Planning in periods with rough-cut planning profiles
Production-rate planning
Medium-term
Period-related with rate routing
Detailed planning
Short-term
Individual capacity/labor
Planning to exact points in time with routing

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-10
SAP AG 1999
Run
schedule
header
Production
order
Production line
Inspection
work center
Production-
rate
scheduling
Detailed
scheduling
Work center
1
Work center
2
Work center
3
Work center
4
Simultaneous Use of Different Planning Levels

Repetitive manufacturing and discrete manufacturing can take place in the same plant. In this example,
run schedule headers and production orders are used with the same plant maintenance work center.
The production orders and plant maintenance work centers use detailed scheduling.
Repetitive manufacturing uses production-rate scheduling.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-11
SAP AG 1999
SAPSOPG001
SAPMPSG010
SAPMPS
G011
SAPMPS
G001
SAPMPSG002
SAPMPSG003
SAPMPSG014
SAPSFCG001
SAPSFCG0
02
SAPMPSG004
SAPMPSG0
05
SAPCRPG001
SAPCRPG0
02
Overall profiles Overall profiles
REM
SFC
MPS/MRP
SOP
Overall Profiles in the Applications
Special planning table (tabular)
Planning table (graphical)
Planning table (tabular)
Capacity situation (tabular)
Special planning table (tabular)

The table only contains a selection of the most important profiles.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-12
SAP AG 1999
SOP/ MPS/ MRP/ REM
MPS/ MRP/ REM/ SFC/
SD/ PS / PD
SFC/ PS/ PM/ PP-PI
Application-specific
planning table
Planning
application
Capacity planning Capacity planning
module module
Cap.plan.table
Cap.plan.table
(tab.)
Calling up capacity
planning using menu
Integration type 1
Integration type 2
Integration type 3
Feedback 1, 2, 3
Integration Types

Integration type 1
The capacity planning mode is used by the applications as a source of capacity
planning data.
Integration type 2
The capacity planning module and the planning tables are called up by an
application.
Integration type 3
The capacity planning module and the planning tables are configured as a
separate system for a special view.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-13
SAP AG 1999
Sales order
Planned order
Production
order
Network
Capacity planning
Integration: Sales and Distribution (SD)

Once a sales order has been created a production order, a planned order or a network can be generated
automatically.
The planning table can be called up directly from these orders in display mode.
Changed data is then copied back to the sales order.
Integration type 2

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-14
SAP AG 1999
Material
Resources
5/99 6/99 7/99 8/99 9/99
Sales
Production
Stock
5/99 6/99 7/99 8/99 9/99
Resource 1
Avail. cap.
Cap. load
Cap. reqmts
Resource 2
Avail. cap.
Integration: Sales and Operations Planning -
Planning Table (SOP)

SOP uses the two-part tabular version of the planning table for capacity leveling.
In the upper section you can enter the following data for a material or for a product group for specific
periods:
Planned sales
Planned production quantity
Warehouse stock and target stock
The capacity requirements are generated by the planned figures that are entered in the line for production
(the so-called requirements entry line).
The lower section displays the capacity requirements from Sales and Operations Planning and the
available capacities of the work centers where the material or product group is to be manufactured and
its load.
Only SOP requirements are displayed on this planning table.
Integration type 1

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-15
SAP AG 1999
Stock-/
reqmts list
Capacity situation
for the material
Planning table
graphic
Capacity situation
for the order
Planned order
Capacity check
Capacity leveling
Interactive
planning
Capacity leveling
for the material
Planning table
graphic
Capacity leveling
for the order
Integration: MRP/MPS

In MRP/MPS two lists are displayed on which the planning periods are shown on a vertical axis:
Capacity leveling - to carry out leveling with changes
Capacity situation - only display data
The capacity situation or capacity leveling can be called up for all planned orders for a material or for
just one planned order.
The following data is displayed for a work center per period:
Available capacity of work center in a period
Overall capacity load of work center resulting from all planned orders and production orders in a
period.
Capacity requirements generated by the material for which planning was carried out in a period.
By changing the order quantity and the basic order date, it is possible to reduce overloads and underloads
for the work center in question.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-16
SAP AG 1999
Independent Independent
of operative of operative
planning planning
Long Long- -term planning term planning
Bill of material Bill of material
for operative for operative
planning planning
Planning for all Planning for all
MRP levels MRP levels
Comparison Comparison
with operative with operative
planning planning
Several Several
parallel parallel
scenarios scenarios
Reporting as Reporting as
planning planning
Master data Master data
planning planning
Routing Routing
planning planning
Integration: Long-term Planning 1

Long-term planning gives you an overview of plans for production and procurement.
You can use the simulated planning run to plan several versions of the production plan and check the
results using special evaluations.
The planning run and the evaluations in long-term planning are separate from the tools in MRP because
long-term planning runs in simulation.
Entries are written in a special planning file for long-term planning as are simulated capacity
requirements for long-term planning.
The description of the capacity planning functions in MRP is also valid for long-term planning.
The result of long-term planning are the simulated planned orders at the level of the final material for the
long-term planning version of the production program.
Separate requirements lists are generated for long-term planning. In the long-term planning menu the
stock-/requirements list is also available as is the planning situation for capacity planning.
To compare the results of long-term planning with operative planning you can call up a comparison
function from all the evaluations. The operative plan for a specific material can be compared directly.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-17
SAP AG 1999
Simulated orders
Simulated dependent
requirements
Simulated capacity
planning
Simulated planned
independent requirements
MRP/MPS
Integration: Long-term Planning 2

The following steps are necessary for long-term planning:
Create the long-term planning scenario. The scenario defines the planned independent requirements
versions that are used in the simulation, the assigned plants and the capacity version for scheduling.
Create the simulated planned independent requirements.
Run single-/multi-level long-term planning.
Look at the results of long-term planning in capacity planning.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-18
SAP AG 1999
Sales and Sales and
Operations Operations
Planning Planning
Planned independent
requirements
Version 03 Version 03
Simulated Simulated
requirements requirements
transfer
change
copy
Version 2 Version 2
version 1 version 1
Available Capacity and Requirements Versions

You can create and maintain simulated independent requirements by copying them from other
independent requirements or you can maintain them manually.
You can assign several versions of independent requirements to a planning scenario.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-19
SAP AG 1999
Capacity situation per period for production
line selected
The manufactured quantity per period for The manufactured quantity per period for
each material made on the production line each material made on the production line
Overall supply and demand in relation to Overall supply and demand in relation to
material selected material selected
Capacity situation per period in relation
to production line selected
Production quantity per period for the
corresponding production lines
Material view Material view
Production line view Production line view
Integration: Repetitive Manufacturing (REM)

Within repetitive manufacturing you can execute capacity planning from the point of view of the
production line or the material.
The tabular version of the planning table for repetitive manufacturing consists of two parts:
The Aggregate Information is displayed in the upper section.
The following data is displayed for the planning object:
Name of the production line
Available capacity of the production line
Total capacity requirements for the production line
The percentage capacity load resulting from the capacity requirements or the capacity requirements
for run schedule headers that are processed on this line.
In the section Detailed Information you can specify the quantities per period over a specific period of
examination.
From the quantities that you enter in the section Details on the Line per material per period the system
calculates the capacity requirements and the load of the production line. Thus the quantities can be
adjusted to the available capacities.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-20
SAP AG 1999
Production
version 1
Production Production
version 2 version 2
Production Production
version 3 version 3
Material
master
Operation 1 Operation 1 Operation 2 Operation 2
Routing
Work center
P1 P1
Bill of
material
X1 W3 R2 K1 N1
Repetitive Manufacturing with Production Versions

A material can have several bills of material (BOMs) that determine the components for production. The
production process can also be described in different routings. The data on the various methods used to
manufacture the material are saved in the so-called production versions that are assigned to the material.
Thus a production version can comprise the following data:
Alternative BOM and BOM usage for the BOM explosion
Task list type, group and group counter for the assignment of task lists (routings)
Lot size restrictions and validity period
Production line and storage location
A material can have one or more production versions. Data on individual production versions are located
at plant level. You can define the production versions as you like; however, every number must be
unambiguous.
You can use production versions to deal with the following situations:
Manufacture with various resources (for example, two different production lines)
Manufacture with various processes (for example, different routings)
Individual production quantities can be assigned to different production versions, for example to
achieve a uniform utilization of the various alternative production lines.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-21
SAP AG 1999
with
entry
Capacity planning menu Capacity planning menu
Create or change a Create or change a
production order production order
with
profile
Capacity planning
Work center view
Individual capacity
view
Order view
Integration: Shop Floor Control (SFC)

Leveling of capacities directly during order maintenance
Calling up capacity planning by selecting a role-specific view, such as the capacity planner or MRP
controller
Integration type 2 for calling up the planning table from order maintenance
Integration type 3 for calling up the planning table using the menu
When the order lot is changed the dispatched requirement is automatically deallocated but not when the
order dates are changed.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-22
SAP AG 1999
This unit explains the integration of capacity planning
along the process chain.
Integration: Unit Summary

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-23
Integration Exercises

Unit: Integration
Topic: Rough-Cut
Planning

Create a rough-cut plan for a product group, taking into
account the available capacity

The planners for the pump product group must review the rough-
cut capacity plan before the production is approved. After the
rough-cut plan is approved, the planners will disaggregate the
plan to the individual materials and transfer the resulting
independent requirements to demand management, ready for
MPS/MRP processing.
1-1 Perform rough-cut planning.
1-1-1 Plan for product group.
1-1-2 Create an inactive plan for product group PG-100 with version 1##. Change
descriptive text to Version-##.
1-1-3 Create a sales plan for PG-100 for 5 months, starting in the third period. Sales
are 100 units per month.
1-1-4 Save your plan.
1-2 Display a rough-cut capacity profile.
1-2-1 Display the rough-cut planning profile for the product group PG-100 in plant
1000, and list the following values:
Work center _________________
Time span _________________
Base quantity _________________
Usage _________________
Status _________________
Lot size _________________
1-2-2 Look at the capacity situation for Sales and Operations Planning for the product
group PG-100.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-24
Select [inactive version 1##]
Look at the capacity situation.
1-2-3 Change the sales plan (and the production plan) in such a way that it
corresponds to the available capacity.
Then create the production plan again.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-25
Exercises

Unit: Integration
Topic: Repetitive Manufacturing

Execute capacity leveling for repetitive manufacturing

The person responsible for the production line must dispatch
work every week to production line 2 in plant 1200. Run schedule
headers have been created for all the materials. The person
responsible must check the run schedule header, the rate routing
and the data for the production version.
2-1 Check the master data for repetitive manufacturing.
2-1-1 Look at the production versions in the material master for R-1000 in plant
1200. Make a note of the task list type and what this task list type means.
_____________________________________________
2-1-2 Look at the rate routings for material R-1000. Make a list of the task list groups
and production lines that are that are used in this routing. Also look at the base
quantity.
______________ _____________ ____________

______________ _____________ ____________
2-1-3 Look for a valid run schedule header for material R-1000 for production line 2.
List the start and end validity dates.
Validity start _________________
Validity finish _________________
2-2 Carry out capacity leveling on the planning table for LINE 2 in plant 1200. Set the
indicator Capacity Planning and make a note of the correct scheduling type.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-26

Note that generally only one capacity planner is responsible
for a line.
Therefore, save the results of your planning in this exercise.

2-2-1 Specify for the next week a quantity of 50 pieces for the material R-1000 for
every working day. How big is the load for this line on these working days?
____________________________

2-2-2 You want to maximize the load on this line and therefore increase the quantity
on the first day of the week for this line.
2-2-3 On the second day of the week, you try to increase the load on the line by using
other materials.
2-3 Call up capacity leveling with the capacity planning table and dispatch the
requirements for Monday.
2-4 Only display the dispatched requirements on the planning table.
Do NOT save the planning table.

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-27
Integration Solutions

Unit: Integration
Topic: Rough-Cut
Planning
1-1 Execute rough-cut planning.

1-1-1 Plan for product group.
Logistics Production Sales and Operations Planning Planning
For product group Create
1-1-2 Create an inactive plan for product group PG-100 with version 1##. Change
descriptive text to Version-##.
Product group: PG-100
Plant: 1000
Enter
Version: 1##
Version name: Version-##
1-1-3 Create a sales plan for PG-100 for 5 months, starting in the third period. Sales
are 100 units per month.
Edit Create product. plan Synchronous to sales
1-2 Display a rough-cut capacity profile.
1-2-1 Display the rough-cut planning profile for the product group PG-100 in plant
1000.
Logistics Production SOP Tools Rough-cut plng profl. Display
Product group: PG-100
Plant: 1000
Execute
Work center: 1310
Profile header button
Time split: 5 working days
Base quantity: 1
Usage: Universal
Status: Released general
Lot size: 1 to 3.450.000

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-28
1-2-2 Look at the capacity situation for Sales and Operations Planning for the product
group PG-100.

Logistics Production Sales and Operations Planning Planning
For product group Create
Inactive version button
Select version 1##
Enter
Views Capacity situation Rough-cut planning Show
1-2-3 Change the sales plan (and the production plan) in such a way that it
corresponds to the available capacity.
Then create the production plan again.
Edit Create product. plan Synchronous to sales

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-29
Solutions

Unit: Integration
Topic: Repetitive Manufacturing
2-1 Check the master data for repetitive manufacturing.

2-1-1 Look at the production versions in the material master for R-1000 in plant
1200.
Logistics Production Master data Material master Material
Display Display current status
Material: R-1000
Enter
Select MRP 4
Enter
Plant: 1200
Enter
(on the screen MRP 4) Button: Versions
Detail button for the versions
Task list typeR.
It is a rate routing.

2-1-2 Look at the rate routings for material R-1000.
Logistics Production Master data Routings Routings Rate
routings Display
Material: R-1000
Plant: 1200
Enter
Task list counter 1, Line 1, Base quantity 12
Task list counter 2, Line 2, Base quantity 15

2-1-3 Look for a valid run schedule header for material R-1000 for production line 2.
Logistics Production Repetitive manufacturing Master data Run
schedule header Display
Plant: 1200
Material number: R-1000

(C) SAP AG LO230 11-30
Enter
Start and finish validity dates: 05/12/95 until 12/31/xx
2-2 Carry out capacity leveling on the planning table for LINE 2 in plant 1200.
Logistics Production Repetitive manufacturing Planning Planning table
Change mode
MRP area and plant: 1200
Select production line
Production line: LINE 2
Select the tab page Scheduling
Indicator: Select Capacity planning
Rate-based planning button
Enter twice
2-3 Call up capacity leveling with the capacity planning table and dispatch the
requirements for Monday.
Capacity planning Configure graphic

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-1
SAP AG 1999
Contents:
This section contains additional material that can
be used for reference purposes.
This materi al is not included as part of the standard
course.
It could, therefore, be the case that this material is
not dealt with during the course.
Appendix

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-2
SAP AG 1999
Type of presentation Type of presentation Type of presentation
Status
for
change
mode
Status
for
display
mode
Status
for
change
mode
Status
for
display
mode
Planning
table
(tabular)
Planning
table
(graphical)
Change Display
Cap. planning table Cap. planning table
(tab.)
Change Mode and GUI Status

GUI status for display mode: You use this GUI status to define the menu structure for both types of
planning table for the display mode. If you do not maintain the GUI status for the display mode the GUI
status predefined in the system by SAP is used.
GUI status for change mode: You use this GUI status to define the menu structure for both types of
planning table for the change mode. If you do not maintain the GUI status for the change mode the GUI
status predefined in the system by SAP is used.

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-3
SAP AG 1999
Work centers
Work centers
Tuesday
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
14100
Lathe
14200
Lathe
Orders
C
h
a
r
t
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00 06:00
Order. Op. Qty
2010 0010 10
2020 0020 5
2030 0010 10
Table sect ion Diagram section
Message line
Monday Tuesday
Monday
Chart 1
Layout ID
Chart 2
Group 3
Group 4
Sort-layout keys
Sort-layout keys
Group 1
Group 2
Sort key
or sort-layout keys
Reqmts grouping Reqmts grouping
Layout of the Planning Table

The correct requirements grouping must be maintained for every chart otherwise the capacity
requirements are not displayed in that chart.
A sort-layout key must be defined for every order type, planned order and production order. These sort-
layout keys are grouped together as a sort key.

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-4
SAP AG 1999
C
h
a
r
t
C
h
a
r
t
C
h
a
r
t
C
h
a
r
t
Table section Diagram section Diagram section
Work centers
Pool
Message line
1 - 8 charts
Each chart contains:
Title (language-dependent)
Color definition
Form
Height
Global calendar and calendar color
Time scale for every section of the time scale
Table heading incl. color and form definition
Chart Sequence

Every chart is a horizontal window within the planning table.
If not all the charts fit into the screen then you can scroll along the chart sequence.
Every chart contains a table section and a diagram section.
The title, table heading and time scale are optional.

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-5
SAP AG 1999
Graphics profile
Chart group
Chart category
Color definition
Form group
Form category
Form definition -
field definition
Color group
Color category
Color definition
Graphical element group
Options profile
Chart sequence
Chart
Chart category
Title
Form category
Color category
Table section
Form category
Color category
Diagram section
Time scale profile
Color category calendar
Color category time-now
line
Chart Sequence (cont.)

The chart group in the graphics profile contains all the settings that are needed to generate the
structure of the planning table in the individual charts. It consists of several chart categories, such as 00
for the capacity planning table standard and 01 for the histogram.
In the chart sequence a special assignement is made for every chart based on the settings in the graphics
profile.
You can specify the display of the visible sections of the chart, the colors and fonts using the chart
category in Customizing.
The graphics profile consists of the chart group, the form group, the color group, the options profile and
the graphical element group.
The graphical element group contains the forms such as lines, rectangles, triangles and symbols along
with their colors.
In the options profile you make specifications concerning the window, the processing mode and the
colors.

(C) SAP AG LO230 12-6
SAP AG 1999
Actual Capacity Requirements
Capacity category
Machine
Capacity category
Personnel
Actual capacity
requirements
Setup
Process
Tear down
Actual capacity
requirements
Setup
Process
Tear down
Acti vity
Setup time
Acti vity
Processing
time
Acti vity
Tear down time
Acti vity
Personnel time
12
9
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
2 10
12
9
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
2 10
12
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
2 10
12
9
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
2 10

The actual capacity requirement is the capacity requirement of a work order that has been torn down
since the start of the order processing, or since the last confirmation.
In the extended evaluation you can display the actual capacity requirements, as well as the target
capacity requirements or remaining capacity requirements.
Activities in which every actual capacity requirement is evaluated.
Quantities, in which the formulas for determining the appropriate capacity requirements are used.
You must have entered these formulas on the capacity tab page.
Example: Assigning activities to actual capacity requirements
You have two capacity categories at your work center (for example: machine and personnel). Four
activities are confirmed (for example: setup time, processing time, tear down time, and personnel
time) for operations carried out at your work center.
You want the actual capacity requirements setup (or tear down) to be equated to the setup time activity
(or tear down time).
The actual capacity requirement processing will
be equated for the capacity category machine in the processing time activity
be equated for the capacity category personnel in the personnel time activity
The assignment of activities and actual capacity requirements, which you must carry out, is shown in
the diagram.

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LO230 Capacity Planning

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