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Easy GSM
Feature Parameter Description
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&otice
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i
GSM BSS
-asy GSM ontents
Contents
1 Introduction............................................................................... 1-1
/!/ Scope!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! /2/
/!1 )ntended %udience!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! /2/
/!4 hange History!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! /2/
2 Overview...................................................................................2-1
3 Automatic Frequency Planning of Compact !"............................3-1
4!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 42/
4!1 %lgorithm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 42/
4!4 Procedure!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 421
# Automatic Frequency Optimi$ation of Compact !"......................#-1
8!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 82/
8!1 %lgorithm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 82/
% Automatic Capacity and Coverage Planning of Compact !".........%-1
9!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 92/
9!1 %lgorithm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 92/
& Automatic 'eig()oring Cell Planning of Compact !"..................&-1
3!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 32/
3!1 %lgorithm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 32/
* Automatic 'eig()oring Cell Optimi$ation of Compact !"............*-1
:!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :2/
:!1 %lgorithm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :2/
+ Compact !" !iming Power O,...................................................+-1
;!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ;2/
;!1 BTS Power27ff!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ;2/
;!4 BTS Sleeping at Night!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ;21
- .ocal /0er 1anagement.............................................................--1
<!/ 7&er&iew!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! <2/
<!1 Principles!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! <21
12 3ngineering 4uideline0...........................................................12-1
11 Parameter0............................................................................11-1
12 Counter0................................................................................12-1
13 4lo00ary................................................................................13-1
1# 5eference 6ocument0.............................................................1#-1
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iii
'ntroduction
. Scope
The -asy GSM solution includes the following functions=
Feature change=
Feature change refers to the change in the -asy GSM feature of a specific product &ersion!
-ditorial change=
-ditorial change refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier &ersion!
)ocu#ent 'ssues
The document issues are as follows=
./ 01./.2.324.5
Draft 01./.2.424.5
0 *200+,+(0-
This is the first release of GBSS/1!.!
ompared with issue Draft 01./.2.424.5 of GBSS/1!." issue ./ 01./.2.324.5 of GBSS/1!.
incorporates the changes described in the following table!
Change Type Change )escription %ara#eter Change
Feature
change
None!
None!
/ )ntroduction
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
-ditorial
change
Parameters are presented in the
form of Parameter )D instead of
Parameter Name!
None!
)ra.t *200+0(+(0-
This is the draft release of GBSS/1!.!
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2 /"er"iew
ompact BTS applies to special application scenarios" such as the rural area! )n the rural area" the
networ$ structure is simple" and the BTS is an isolated site or has few neighboring cells! The area
where the BTS is located has incon&enient transportation" insufficient power facility" e+pensi&e
transmission resources" and inade>uate e+perienced maintenance personnel! Therefore" the cost of
maintaining the BTS is high! )f this type of BTS has functions such as automatic fre>uency
configuration" planning" optimi?ation" and automatic neighboring cell planning and optimi?ation" the cost
of operation and maintenance can be decreased! -asy GSM implements all these functions so that the
automatic deployment of GSM networ$ becomes possible!
%ll the BTSs mentioned in this document are ompact BTSs!
The function of automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS enables the automatic configuration of
de&ice data and ser&ice data of the BTS! %fter the hardware and software of a ompact BTS are
installed" a connection between the BTS and the BS is automatically established! )n addition" the
de&ice data and ser&ice data of the BTS are automatically configured under the control of the BS and
M1...! The fre>uencies are also automatically configured!
De&ice data refers to data configurations related to hardware" for e+ample" board configurations and parameter
configurations related to boards!
Ser&ice data refers to data configurations related to ser&ices! Here" it mainly in&ol&es the parameters related to
fre>uency allocation!
Generally" the function of automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS applies to discontinuous
co&erage areas" and the cells in such areas ha&e no neighboring cells!
Before the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS is a&ailable" the data has to be preconfigured
by the operator on the controlling BS of the BTS! Most configuration data" including the de&ice data
and ser&ice data but e+cluding the fre>uency data" can be automatically generated according to the
data configuration template on the BS3... maintenance terminal! The data that is not preconfigured
is automatically configured during the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS!
The transmission2related data" such as the )P address and electronic serial number 0-SN5 of the BTS" is manually
preconfigured!
%fter the data preconfiguration is complete" the operator resets the BTS to trigger the automatic
fre>uency planning of ompact BTS! The system scans the radio en&ironment of the current networ$"
automatically configures cell parameters" and then starts operating!
%fter the BTS starts operating" the surrounding radio en&ironment may change" and the BTS operating
with the automatically configured fre>uency data cannot pro&ide ser&ices with desirable >uality! )n this
case" the BTS automatically performs fre>uency ad,ustment and optimi?ation under the control of the
BS and M1...! This process is referred to as the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS!
)f the function of automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS is enabled" the system ta$es
statistics on radio signal >uality in real time! @hen the radio signal >uality deteriorates to a &alue
smaller than the preset threshold" the system automatically ad,usts the fre>uency allocation to impro&e
the radio signal >uality of the BTS!
)n an application scenario of ompact BTS" the traffic &olume is generally not high and a single
fre>uency can meet the traffic re>uirement! %fter the BTS operates for a period of time" if the traffic
model &aries" the traffic &olume changes accordingly! The BTS has to ad,ust the transmit power and the
number of fre>uencies to meet the co&erage and capacity re>uirements! The function of automatic
1 7&er&iew
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
capacity and co&erage planning of ompact BTS can sol&e this problem! @ith this function" the BTS
can ta$e statistics on its traffic &olume in real time! Then" based on the traffic &olume and the parameter
configurations" the BTS determines whether to add fre>uencies to meet the capacity and co&erage
re>uirements! The procedure for ad,usting the capacity and co&erage is automatically performed on the
basis of the parameter configurations! )n the case of traffic burst" hando&er between TH HA and TH
FA or dynamic channel con&ersion should be implemented! For details" see Hando&er Parameter
Description and Dynamic hannel on&ersion Parameter Description!
%utomatic neighboring cell planning pro&ides the initial neighboring cells through downlin$ fre>uency
scanning! %utomatic neighboring cell optimi?ation specifies redundant or missing cells through MA
analy?ing! %fter the initial planning of the BTS" the neighboring cell relations may &ary" some
neighboring cells may be redundant or missing! %s a result" hando&er failure or call drop occurs on the
cell edge! )n this case" the BTS will be out of ser&ice if the automatic neighboring cell planning is started
again! The automatic neighboring cell optimi?ation" howe&er" can ad,ust the neighboring cell relations
without causing the BTS to be out of ser&ice! )n addition" the automatic neighboring cell optimi?ation
needs no manual inter&ention" and thus can reduce the 7M in&estment! The automatic neighboring cell
planning and the automatic neighboring cell optimi?ation features enable the BTS to maintain a proper
neighboring cell relation! )n addition" they automatically impro&e the networ$ >uality" increase the
hando&er success rate" reduce the call drop rate" facilitate the neighboring cell configuration" and
impro&e the 7M efficiency!
% user can configure the power2off and power2on time of a ompact BTS at the BS! )f in a specific
period there is no traffic or the traffic is light in the co&erage area of the ompact BTS" the ompact
BTS can be automatically powered off or powered on under the control of a solar controller! )n this
manner" the power consumption of the ompact BTS is reduced" the configuration of a solar board is
not re>uired" and the construction cost is decreased!
The ompact BTS can be used to launch a new business mode" that is" the operator contracts out the
ompact BTS deployed in a remote rural area to an entrepreneur 0hereafter called B&illage chiefB5! The
&illage chief then performs local user management!
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( !uto#atic 0re1uency %lanning o. Co#pact 2TS
(. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:./ ompact BTS %utomatic onfiguration and Planning!
Based on its fre>uency band capability" the BTS scans the fre>uencies supported by the telecom
operator! Then" the M1... e&aluates the interference on each fre>uency according to the sorting of the
uplin$ and downlin$ recei&e le&els! %t the same time" the M1... ta$es into account the interference
between neighboring BTSs and selects a fre>uency with the minimum interference for the BTS to use!
@hen neighboring BTSs perform automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS" they may
simultaneously contend for the same fre>uency! To pre&ent this" the M1... can implement the
mechanism that all the BTSs controlled by the same BS and the neighboring BTSs are initiali?ed in
succession!
(.2 !lgorith#
%fter the BTS performs uplin$ and downlin$ fre>uency scan" it sends the BS and M1... the
information about the uplin$ and downlin$ recei&e le&els of the scanned fre>uencies! The information
then ser&es as the input of the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS! Figure 42/ shows the
procedure for the automatic fre>uency planning algorithm of ompact BTS!
0igure . Procedure for the automatic fre>uency planning algorithm of ompact BTS
Start
alculate uplin$ and
downlin$ recei&e le&els!
alculate interference
priority!
%llocate BH fre>uency
and TH fre>uency!
-nd
/! To pre&ent neighboring BTSs from selecting ad,acent fre>uencies" the system obtains the uplin$
and downlin$ recei&e le&els by adding the ad,acent2channel interference to the uplin$ and downlin$
recei&e le&els reported by the BTS!
1! Based on the obtained uplin$ and downlin$ recei&e le&els" the system calculates the interference
strength of each fre>uency and then ran$s the interference strength by priority!
4 %utomatic Fre>uency Planning of ompact BTS
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
4! The system selects the fre>uency with the lowest interference priority from all the fre>uencies that
can ser&e as the BH fre>uency! Then" the selected fre>uency is configured as the BH
fre>uency of the current cell! )f a BTS is configured with two fre>uencies" the fre>uency that has
the lowest interference priority and is not ad,acent to the BH fre>uency is configured as the TH
fre>uency!
(.( %rocedure
@hen the C0GM/)E parameter is set to !3T/*!3T/%L!&- and 042S'CS5'TCH is set to /&*/&-"
the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS is enabled!
)f either CG'6!CS5'TCH or 042S'CS5'TCH is set to 7FF" related data should be entered manually!
Figure 421 shows the procedure for the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS!
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GSM BSS
-asy GSM 4 %utomatic Fre>uency Planning of ompact BTS
0igure . Procedure for the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS
Start
BTS initiali?es!
BTS reports its capability"
and BS reports M and
MN!
BTSs initiali?e one after
another!
-nd
Perform uplin$ and downlin$
fre>uency scan!
Perform automatic
fre>uency planning of
ompact BTS!
BS deli&ers other data
based on pre2configured
data!
1. )nitiali?ing BTSs in succession
For all the BTSs controlled by the same BS and the neighboring BTSs" only one BTS can be
initiali?ed at a time" that is" only one BTS performs the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS
at a time!
2. 'plin$ and downlin$ fre>uency scan
The BTS reports its capability" including the supported fre>uency bands" to the M1...! The BS
reports the mobile country code 0M5 and mobile networ$ code 0MN5 to the M1...! %ccording to
the information reported by the BTS and BS" the M1... determines the fre>uency bands that
should be scanned by the BTS! 7n the specified fre>uency bands" the BTS collects the uplin$ and
downlin$ recei&e le&els of each fre>uency!
3. %utomatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS
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4
4 %utomatic Fre>uency Planning of ompact BTS
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
%ccording to the uplin$ and downlin$ fre>uency scan result reported by the BTS" the M1...
automatically configures the BH fre>uency and TH fre>uencies of the BTS!
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7 !uto#atic 0re1uency /pti#i8ation o. Co#pact 2TS
7. /"er"iew
@hen the BTS operates normally" the M1... periodically monitors the fre>uencies based on the
measurement reports from the MS and the measurement results about the uplin$ interference margin
reported by the BTS! Then" the M1... compares the data obtained through fre>uency monitoring with
the interference proportion threshold and determines whether fre>uencies should be replaced! )f a
fre>uency has to be replaced" the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS is performed to
select a new fre>uency based on the result of the latest ran$ing of interference priorities! The selected
fre>uency must meet the following conditions= )t is not ad,acent to other fre>uencies in the cellC it has
the lowest interference among all the a&ailable fre>uenciesC it is supported by the BTS hardware!
7.2 !lgorith#
Figure 82/ shows the procedure for the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation algorithm of ompact BTS!
8 %utomatic Fre>uency 7ptimi?ation of ompact
BTS
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
0igure . Procedure for the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation algorithm of ompact BTS
Start
ollect data about signal >uality
in real time!
-nd
@hether to start
automatic fre>uency
optimi?ation of ompact
BTSD
@hether to start
automatic fre>uency planning
of ompact BTSD
Aestart automatic fre>uency
planning of ompact BTS!
The BTS changes the fre>uency!
The BTS selects a new
fre>uency!
The BTS starts operating!
Ees
No
No
Ees
@hen the parameter 042S'C/%TS5'TCH is set to /&*/&- on the BS side and 0re1uency
opti#i8ation algorith# is selected on the M1... side" the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of
ompact BTS is enabled!
The procedure for the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation algorithm of ompact BTS is as follows=
1. Downlin$ interference measurement
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GSM BSS
-asy GSM
8 %utomatic Fre>uency 7ptimi?ation of ompact
BTS
Based on the measurement report from the MS" the BS ta$es statistics of the interference to the
fre>uency on the downlin$! % &alid measurement report contains the information about the uplin$
recei&e le&el" downlin$ recei&e le&el" uplin$ recei&e >uality" and downlin$ recei&e >uality!
Based on the measurement results" the BS analy?es the radio co&erage and interference in a cell! )f
it is always the case that the recei&e le&el is high but the recei&e >uality is poor" interference may
ha&e occurred! )f it is always the case that the recei&e le&el is low and the recei&e >uality is poor"
radio co&erage may be insufficient! Based on the ratio of the number of times that the downlin$
recei&e le&el grade and recei&e >uality grade are higher than the specified &alues to the total number
of times that the downlin$ recei&e le&el and recei&e >uality are measured" the system determines
whether interference occurs on the downlin$ channels of the fre>uency!
Downlin$ interference measurement result can be >uantified as a &alue" which ser&es as the basis for
determining the interference strength on the downlin$!
High recei&e le&el grade indicates good recei&e le&el!
High recei&e >uality grade indicates poor recei&e >uality!
2. 'plin$ interference measurement
The BS measures the uplin$ interference on a fre>uency!
The AF A-S )ND message from the BTS to the BS carries the interference margin le&els of all the
idle channels on a fre>uency! The BS ta$es statistics on all the performance counters based on the
channel type 0THF" THH" or SDH5 and the interference margin le&els 0/ to 95 carried in the
message! )n a measurement period" the BS learns the distribution of the interference margins by
di&iding the &alues of the performance counters by the number of sampling times! Generally" if an idle
channel falls in interference margin le&el 8 or 9" the system considers that interference occurs on the
channel!
'plin$ interference measurement result can be >uantified as a &alue" which ser&es as the basis for
determining the interference strength on the uplin$!
3. %utomatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS
The automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS is performed in the specified period e&ery day"
and the start time of the optimi?ation is specified by Start Ti#e! The automatic fre>uency
optimi?ation of ompact BTS and the ad,ustment of radio parameters affect the ongoing ser&ices!
Thus" it is recommended that the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation be performed when the traffic is
light!
The automatic fre>uency optimi?ation of ompact BTS is triggered by any of the following conditions=
The downlin$ interference measurement &alue is greater than or e>ual to the downlin$ fre>uency
interference proportion threshold" and the total traffic &olume in a measurement period is greater than
or e>ual to Traffic threshold of downlin$ interference decision!
The uplin$ interference measurement &alue is greater than or e>ual to the uplin$ fre>uency
interference proportion threshold!
4. Aestart of the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS
%fter the BTS operates for a period of time" the original results of uplin$ and downlin$ fre>uency scan
may be >uite different from the actual interference! )n this case" the BTS has to periodically scan the
uplin$ and downlin$ fre>uencies to obtain the latest interference and to pro&ide accurate data for
automatic fre>uency optimi?ation!
During the automatic fre>uency optimi?ation" the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS is
started if the BTS determines that a fre>uency has to be replaced and if any of the following
conditions is met=
Period between the time of the pre&ious fre>uency planning and the current time F 0re1 6eplanning
%eriod
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9 !uto#atic Capacity and Co"erage %lanning o.
Co#pact 2TS
9. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:.1 ompact BTS %utomatic apacity Planning!
The automatic capacity and co&erage planning of ompact BTS mainly applies to simple networ$
structure! )nitially" the BTS is configured with a single fre>uency! %s the traffic &olume increases" the
system may acti&ate another fre>uency by performing the automatic capacity and co&erage planning of
ompact BTS and distribute transmit power between the two fre>uencies!
During the automatic capacity and co&erage planning of ompact BTS" the system monitors the traffic
&olume in real time! )f the traffic &olume reaches Start )ou:le+Carrier Load Threshold" ad,ustment is
performed to increase the traffic capacity!
urrently" the automatic capacity and co&erage planning of ompact BTS applies only to one or two
fre>uencies!
9.2 !lgorith#
Figure 92/ shows the procedure for the automatic capacity and co&erage planning algorithm of
ompact BTS!
@hen the parameter C!%C/;E6/%TS5'TCH is set to /&*/&- on the BS side and the Co"erage
opti#i8ation algorith# chec$ bo+ is selected on the M1... side" the automatic capacity and co&erage
planning of ompact BTS is enabled!
9 %utomatic apacity and o&erage Planning of
ompact BTS
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
0igure . Procedure for the automatic capacity and co&erage planning algorithm of ompact BTS
Start
M1... measures the
a&erage TH usage in a
cell!
-nd
Does a&erage
TH usage e+ceed load
thresholdD
onfigure two fre>uencies
for the cell!
%d,ust transmit power of
BH fre>uency and TH
fre>uency!
Ees
No
%fter the automatic capacity and co&erage planning of ompact BTS is enabled" the M1... measures
the a&erage TH usage in three pea$ hours during Capacity E<pansion Statistical %eriod! %fter the
measurement" the M1... compares the a&erage TH usage with Start )ou:le+Carrier Load
Threshold! )f the a&erage TH usage is greater than Start )ou:le+Carrier Load Threshold" the
M1... automatically configures two fre>uencies for the cell!
%fter the two fre>uencies operate normally" the BH fre>uency and the TH fre>uency share the
transmit power!
)f the load on BH fre>uency F Threshold o. 2CCH Load Congestion" and the load on BH
fre>uency 2 the load on TH fre>uency F Threshold o. Load )i..erence 2etween 2CCH and TCH"
then the BTS reduces the transmit power of the BH fre>uency and increases the transmit power of
the TH fre>uency!
)f the load on TH fre>uency F Threshold o. TCH Load Congestion" and the load on TH
fre>uency 2 the load on BH fre>uency F Threshold o. Load )i..erence 2etween TCH and
2CCH" then the BTS reduces the transmit power of the TH fre>uency and increases the transmit
power of the BH fre>uency!
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, !uto#atic &eigh:oring Cell %lanning o. Co#pact 2TS
,. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:.8 ompact BTS %utomatic Neighbor ell Planning and
7ptimi?ation!
%utomatic neighboring cell planning has the following procedures= the M1... instructs the BTS to start
the downlin$ fre>uency scanning" and the BTS reports the scanned cell information to the M1...!
Then" the M1... adds scanned cells as neighboring cells of the BTS" and adds the BTS cell into the
neighboring cell list of scanned cells to build bidirectional neighboring cell relations between the BTS
cell and the scanned cells! )f a scanned cell is not controlled by this M1..." the M1... sets up only a
unidirectional neighboring cell relation between this cell and the BTS cell!
%utomatic neighboring cell planning applies to the scenario where a BTS is newly deployed in an
e+isting GSM networ$! )t is necessary only when BTSs ha&e o&erlapping co&erage areas!
%utomatic neighboring cell planning re>uires the cooperation of the M1..." BS" and BTS! The M1...
is responsible for control and implementation algorithms! The BS is responsible for data collection and
management! The data includes downlin$ fre>uency scanning information and neighboring cell
measurement files! The BTS is responsible for data collection!
,.2 !lgorith#
@hen the C0GM/)E parameter is set to !3T/*!3T/%L!&- and the &26CELLS5'TCH parameter
is set to /&*/&-" the automatic neighboring cell planning of ompact BTS is enabled!
Figure 32/ shows the procedure for automatic neighboring cell planning of ompact BTS!
0igure . Procedure for automatic neighboring cell planning of ompact BTS
The procedure is described as follows=
3 %utomatic Neighboring ell Planning of ompact
BTS
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
/! %fter the BTS4<..- starts initiali?ation" the M1... sends the fre>uency set for scanning to the BTS!
Then" the BTS scans all the downlin$ fre>uencies in the fre>uency set" measures the downlin$
recei&e le&el 0A+le&GD#5 of all fre>uencies" and reports the scanning result to the M1...!
1! The M1... ran$s the downlin$ fre>uencies according to the A+le&GD# in the scanning result! Non2
BH TAHs are e+cluded from the ran$ing list!
4! The M1... adds the cell under the ompact BTS into the neighboring cell list of scanned cells to
establish bidirectional hando&er relations!
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= !uto#atic &eigh:oring Cell /pti#i8ation o. Co#pact
2TS
=. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:.8 ompact BTS %utomatic Neighbor ell Planning and
7ptimi?ation!
%utomatic neighboring cell optimi?ation is a feature with which the M1... automatically starts the BTS
neighboring cell optimi?ation after determining that a neighboring cell is redundant or missing by
analy?ing MAs!
%utomatic neighboring cell optimi?ation applies to the scenario where a BTS is newly deployed in an
e+isting GSM networ$! )t is necessary only when BTSs ha&e o&erlapping co&erage areas!
%utomatic neighboring cell optimi?ation re>uires the cooperation of the M1..." BS" and BTS! The
M1... is responsible for the control and the implementation algorithm! The BS is responsible for data
collection and management! The data includes downlin$ fre>uency scanning information and
neighboring cell measurement files! The BTS is responsible for data collection!
=.2 !lgorith#
@hen the C0GM/)E parameter is set to !3T/*!3T/%L!&- and the &26CELL/%TS5'TCH
parameter is set to 7N07N5" the automatic neighboring cell optimi?ation of ompact BTS is enabled!
The automatic neighboring cell optimi?ation of ompact BTS has three steps= measurement tas$
setting" measurement data collection" and measurement data processing! The steps are described as
follows=
/! Measurement tas$ setting
The fre>uency measurement tas$ of the ompact BTS is created on the M1... based on the
neighboring cell list and the BH fre>uency allocation in the networ$! )n this tas$" the cell for
optimi?ation" measurement fre>uency of the cell" measurement period" measurement step" and
measurement start time are set through M1... parameters! %fter the tas$ is created" the M1...
starts to chec$ the time! @hen the measurement start time arri&es" the M1... sends the
measurement tas$ to the BS!
1! Measurement data collection
The BS starts the measurement" collects the measured data to generate measurement reports
0MAs5" and then reports the MAs to the M1... periodically! @hen the measurement end time arri&es"
the M1... sends a measurement stop command to the BS! Then" the BS stops the
measurement!
4! Measurement data processing
The M1... analy?es the MAs from the BS" ad,usts the neighboring cell configuration" that is" adds
missing cells and remo&es redundant cells" and then outputs the optimi?ation result!
> Co#pact 2TS Ti#ing %ower /..
>. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:.9 ompact BTS Timing Power 7ff!
Timing power2off of the compact BTS consists of BTS power2off and BTS sleeping at night!
BTS power2off is used in areas under the co&erage of the compact BTS! )f there is no traffic or light
traffic in a certain period" the power2off and power2on time of the compact BTS can be configured on
the BS! The solar controller can automatically power on or power off the compact BTS! )n this manner"
the power consumption of the compact BTS is reduced" the number of solar panels to be configured is
reduced" and the construction cost is reduced!
BTS sleeping at night applies to the co&erage scenario in the countryside" especially that of the isolated
site! )n the scenario" mains power is difficult to bring in" so the operator usually deploys energy
e>uipment that uses green energy" for e+ample" solar energy! The in&estment in solar energy ta$es up
a large share in the total in&estment at the site! 'nder the condition that ser&ices are ensured" the
operator is always concerned about how to reduce the number of solar panels for lower total in&estment
at the site! )n the scenario" subscribers ha&e fi+ed habits of communication! Generally" they do not need
to ma$e calls at night! Therefore" the BTS is put in sleeping at night to reduce power consumption! )n
this way" the total power consumption demand at the site is reduced and the number of solar panels to
be configured is thus reduced!
@or$ing in cooperation with the solar controller" BTS power2off turns off a site during the configurable
period of time! BTS sleeping at night turns off all TAH power amplifiers in a cell during the configurable
period of time!
>.2 2TS %ower+/..
The power2off time and the power2on time of a BTS are set on the BS by configuring the SH3T)&ST
and SH3T)&ET parameters! @ith the information stored" e&ery day the solar controller powers off the
BTS at the power2off start time" and restores power supply to the BTS at the power2off end time
automatically though the %bis transmission is disrupted!
Figure ;2/ shows the wor$ing principle of BTS power2off!
0igure . @or$ing principle of BTS power2off
; ompact BTS Timing Power 7ff
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
@hen detecting that the BTS power2off time arri&es according to the stored information" the solar
controller powers off the BTS to reduce power consumption! During the period when the BTS is
powered off" the %bis transmission is disrupted" and thus the BS can neither control nor power on the
BTS remotely!
@hen detecting that the BTS power2on time arri&es" the solar controller powers on the BTS! Then" the
connection between the BTS and the BS is set up! The BS sends the initial configuration data to the
BTS" and the BTS starts operating!
>.( 2TS Sleeping at &ight
@hen T36&/00E&!2LE is set to SLEE%'&G*Sleeping-" the BTS sleeping at night function is
enabled! The BS turns off all TAH power amplifiers in the cell during the period between
T36&/00CELLST6T'ME and T36&/00CELLST%T'ME! @hen a cell is turned off" any call access is
denied! @hen it is not during the period between T36&/00CELLST6T'ME and
T36&/00CELLST%T'ME" the BS automatically starts the cell without re>uiring e+tra conditions!
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? Local 3ser Manage#ent
?. /"er"iew
This section describes the feature GBFD29/.:.3 #ocal 'ser Management!
The local user management feature in&ol&es the following aspects=
#ocal ser&ices
@hen local user % and local user B camp on the networ$ co&ered by the compact BTS of the &illage
chief" the calls made and short messages transmitted between them are called local ser&ices! The
charging of local ser&ices is performed by the P! The &illage chief uses this P to print the call detail
records 0DAs5 of all local calls!
For the prepaid users" the P periodically updates the balance information! urrently" only the
monthly fee charging is supported!
@ith respect to local ser&ices" the core networ$ neither participates in the ser&ice signaling procedure
nor records call details! Therefore" legal interception" authentication" and encryption cannot be
performed!
@hen a public networ$ user roams to the co&erage area of the ompact BTS of the &illage chief" the
&illage chief manually adds this user to the local networ$ so as to enable the local ser&ices between
public networ$ users and local users!
%fter being the contractor of the ompact BTS" the &illage chief achie&es profits by de&eloping local
users in the &illage! The &illage chief is responsible for performing local subscriber registration"
wor$ing out the charging policy" and charging local users for the ser&ices!
#ocal user management can be performed in a remote rural area e&en if the transmission between
the public networ$ and the remote rural area is disrupted! )n addition" communications and charging
can be processed between local users!
The ompact BTS contracted by the &illage chief can pro&ide ser&ices for users of the public networ$
of the operator!
)n the case that the communication between the ompact BTS and the BS is disrupted" the
ompact BTS tries its best to meet the communication re>uirements of public networ$ users!
?.2 %rinciples
&etwor$ Topology
Figure <2/ lists the networ$ elements 0N-s5 and the networ$ topology in&ol&ed in local user
management!
0igure . Networ$ topology in local user management
BSC
Compact BTS
MSC
SMSC
PC
%s shown in Figure <2/" when the ompact BTS communicates normally with the BS" the BS
assigns radio resources to the local users and public networ$ users under the ompact BTS" and the
BS e+changes information with the ompact BTS on the %bis interface! @hen the connection
between the BS and the ompact BTS is bro$en" the P assigns radio resources for the local users
and public networ$ users under the ompact BTS" and there is no information e+change between the
P and the BS!
!lgorith#
The #ocal user management feature is enabled when S%6TL3 is set to @ES!
To support the local user management feature" certain software must be installed on the P!
The BS processes the public networ$ ser&ices under the ompact BTS by using the same method as
processing that under a normal BTS! The local user management mainly in&ol&es the following aspects=
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GSM BSS
-asy GSM < #ocal 'ser Management
Short message recei&ing and sending for local users under normal transmission
The P chec$s whether a short message is recei&ed or sent between local users by interpreting and
buffering #4 messages! There is no need for the BS to assign a new channel for short message
ser&ices 0SMS5" but the BTS should notify the BS to restore to the signaling stable state in time!
The procedure for sending and recei&ing short messages between local users is as follows=
/! @hen a local user uses the SMS" the P instructs the BTS to send a #ocal SMS )ndication
message to the BS!
1! %fter recei&ing the #ocal SMS )ndication message from the BTS" the BS records the current call as
a local call" initiates Ser&ice %ccess Point )dentifier 4 0S%P)45 establishment" stops waiting for the
lin$ setup indication on the %bis interface" and restores to the signaling stable state!
4! )f the current cell allows the sending of both the uplin$ and downlin$ short messages" the BS
sends a #ocal SMS )ndication %K message to the BTSC otherwise" the BS sends a #ocal SMS
)ndication N%K message to the BTS!
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4
< #ocal 'ser Management
GSM BSS
-asy GSM
8! %fter the SMS is complete" the P instructs the BTS to send a #ocal hannel Aelease message to
the BS" re>uesting the BS to release the channel sei?ed by the MS!
BS) data
This parameter specifies the ranges of Bs and Ns that a telecom operator allows BSs to use!
G) resource data
This parameter specifies the range of G)s that BSs allow BTSs to use! This helps BTSs to choose
G)s during the automatic fre>uency planning of ompact BTS! The G)s configured on the M1...
are not deli&ered to the MS and they are applicable only to the automatic fre>uency planning of
ompact BTS! To ensure that the G)s obtained through the automatic fre>uency planning of
ompact BTS are &alid" you should predefine the &alue range of the G)s corresponding to each
#% at the MS! The &alue range of the G)s predefined at the MS must include the &alue range of
the G)s configured on the M1...!
BS) data
G) resource data
Start Time