LOGIC CIRCUITS WITH BJT

I. OBJECTIVES
a) Experimental determination of some logic functions for circuits from the RTL and DTL family.
b) Determination the VTC dependencies on the values of some resistors from the circuit.
II. COMPONENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
ou !ill use the experimental board containing "#"""" npn type $%T& semiconductor diodes and
resistors. ou !ill apply and measure ac and dc voltages& so you !ill use a dc regulated po!er supply& a
signal generator& a dual channel oscilloscope and a dc voltmeter.
III. PREPARATION
'.(. RTL )#VERTER
The follo!ing logic convention is used*
+ the high level of the voltage , -'. logic
+ the lo! level of the voltage , -/. logic
1.1.P. THE LOGIC FUNCTION
0ho! that the circuit from the 1ig. '".' implements the logic function -#2T..
3hat does the schematic circuit !ith t!o resistors and one transistor loo4 li4e in order to obtain the
complementary logic function of the one above5
1.2.P. THE VTC DEPENDENCE ON THE R
C
1or T !e consider* 67"//& V
$Eon
7/.8V& V
CEsat
7/."V.
3hat does the VTC loo4 li4e for the circuit from 1ig.'".' !ith R
$
7""9 and R
C
7'45
3hat are the superior and inferior noise margins :#;
<
and #;
L
) for R
$
7""9 and R
C
7'45
3hat are the values of V
=
for !hich T is turned off5 3hat about the saturation state5
3hat does the VTC loo4 li4e if R
C
is ""45 :R
$
7""4)
1.3.P. THE VTC DEPENDENCE ON THE R
B
3hat does the VTC from '.".( loo4 li4e if R
$
7'4 :R
C
7'4)5
3hat are the values of v

for !hich T is in off or saturation state5

3hich one of the noise margins is modified and ho! for R
$
7'45
".(. T<E #2R L2>)C C)RC?)T
2.1.P. NOR FROM THE RTL FAMILY
3hat is the operation table of the circuit from 1ig '".".5 v
=
&v
$
@/V&AVB
3hat are the states of T
=
and T
$
:off or saturation) for each combination of v
=
and v
$
5
3hat voltage values correspond to the -/. and -'. logic levels at the input and output of the circuit5
3hat is the logic function of the circuit5
2.2.P. NOR WITH D AND T
<o! can you verify the logic function #2R for the circuit from 1ig '".C.5
)s the circuit from 1ig '".C. more simple than the one from 1ig '".".5 1rom !hat point of vie!5
C.(. #=#D 1R2; T<E RTL 1=;)L
?sing '9 and ""4 resistors and $%Ts design a logic circuit :from RTL family) for the #=#D logic
function !ith " inputs.
<o! you !ould experimentally chec4 up the logic function of your circuit5
IV. EXPLORATION AND RESULTS
'.RTL )#VERTER
1.1. THE LOGIC FUNCTION
Expl!"#$%
$uild the circuit sho!n in 1ig.'".'.
=t the = input is applied a TTL signal !ith '4<D freEuency obtained from the signal generator.
?sing the calibrated oscilloscope in the +t mode you !ill visualise v
=
:t) and v

:t).
R&'(l#'
v
=
:t)& v

:t).
The truth table in !hich = and are the input and output logic variables
3hat is the logic function of the circuit5
1.2. THE VTC DEPENDENCE ON THE R
C
Expl!"#$%
$uild the circuit sho!n in 1ig.'".'.

T

=
v

v
=

V
c c

7 A V
R
$

R
C

1 i g . ' " . ' . T h e R T L i n v e r t e r

"
v
=
:t)7A sin:" '///t) FVG F<DG
?sing the oscilloscope in the +H mode you !ill visualise the VTC v

:v
=
)& connecting the H and probes
of the oscilloscope !ith the points = and for the next cases*
a) R
$
7""4 b) R
$
7""4
R
C
7'4 R
C
7""4
R&'(l#'
Dra! the VTC v

:v
=
) for the above cases.
;ar4 the on& off and saturation regions of $%T on the same plot.
3hat are the values of v
=
for !hich $%T is in off or respectively saturated state5
<o! are these values influenced by the value of R
C
5
1.3. THE VTC DEPENDENCE ON THE R
B
Expl!"#$%
$uild the circuit sho!n in 1ig.'".'.
V
=
7A sin :"'///t)FVGF<DG
?sing of the oscilloscope you !ill visualise v

:v
o
) for
a) R
$
7""4 b) R
$
7'4
R
C
7'4 R
C
7'4
R&'(l#'
Dra! the VTC v

:v
=
) for the t!o above cases
<o! does R
$
influence the range of values of v
=
for !hich $%T is off and in saturation5
3hat are the values of v

for !hich the $%T is off and in saturation5

3hat are the superior and inferior noise margins :#;
<
and #;
L
) computed for the situations a) and b)5
3hat is the role of R
$
:compared to the situation !hen R
$
7/)5
". T<E #2R L2>)C C)RC?)T
2.1. NOR FROM THE RTL FAMILY
Expl!"#$%
$uild the circuit sho!n in 1ig.'".".
v
=
& v
$
@/VIAVB in all possible combinations
ou !ill measure v

!ith the dc voltmeter for all possible combinations of the t!o input voltages.
R&'(l#'
2peration table !ith v
=
&v
$
&v

& the off or saturation states of T

=
and T
$
for the J possible combinations
of v
=
and v
$
values from @/VIAVB
Truth table !ith =& $ logic inputs and logic output
3hat is the logic function5 3hy5
C
2.2. NOR WITH D AND T

=

v

v
=

V
cc

7AV
R
$

R
C

T
=

T
$

$
V
$

R
$

'9
9
""9
""4
1ig '".". #2R from RTL family
J














T
V

v
=

v
$

V
cc

7AV
""4
""4
R
$'

R
$"

R
C

'9
D
$

D
=

1ig '".C. #2R from DTL family
Expl!"#$%
)n order to reduce the number of transistors and the complexity of the circuit !e may use t!o diodes, 1ig
'".C. $uild the circuit.
The experiment is similar to the one from ".'.Exploration
R&'(l#'
2peration table !ith v
=
&v
$
&v
y
& for all four possible combinations of the values v
=
and v
$
from the set
@/VIAVB
3hy do !e need R
$"
5
Truth table !ith = and $ as logic input and as logic output
<o! do you explain that the circuits from 1ig.'"." and 1ig.'".C ma4e the same logic function5
C. #=#D 1R2; T<E RTL 1=;)L
Expl!"#$%
$uild the circuit designed in the C.( paragraph
)n the same !ay !ith the ".' Exploration paragraph verify experimentally the logic function
Results
Truth table for your circuit
Congratulations for obtaining the desired logic function
A