pre-intermediate

Martyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddle

with Katherine Stannett
LINKS
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Contents
REAL COMMUNICATION & EXAM LISTENING
Module 1 4-5
Module 2 6-7
Module 3 8-9
Module 4 10-11
Module 5 12-13
Module 6 14-15
Module 7 16-17
INTERCULTURE
Module 1 About the USA 18-21
Module 2 Cultural diversity in the USA (1) 22-23
Module 3 Cultural diversity in the USA (2) 24-25
Module 4 Europe 26-29
Module 5 About Australia 30-33
Module 6 Language and literature (1) 34-35
Module 7 Language and literature (2) 36-37
STORIES 38-45
CLIL
Module 1 Music: history of jazz 46-47
Module 2 Art: modern art movements 48-49
Module 3 The environment: wind farms 50-51
Module 4 Maths: probability 52-53
Module 5 Business: viral marketing 54-55
Module 6 Physics: space junk 56-57
Module 7 Literature: World War 1 poetry 58-59
ROLEPLAYS 60

SONGS 61-64
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FILE Unit 1 APPLICATION FORMS
Instructions
Fill in
Complete
Circle
Choose
Write here:
Please list
FILE Unit 2 TRAVELLING BY PLANE
At check-in
Ticket and passport, please.
Is this your own baggage?
Did you pack the contents yourself?
Have you been given anything to carry?
How many pieces of luggage have you got?
Does your baggage contain any electrical or
electronic items, or sharp objects?
Have you got any hand luggage?
Its too big. Im sorry, you will have to check it in.
Would you like an aisle or a window seat?
Words and
expressions
application form
available
area code
education
experience
44
j
Module 1 Module 1 Real communication
Dialogue
1 Complete the dialogue with these words.
employer | complete | experience | choose |
referees | available | lled in | education
JESS Can you check this job application form for me,
please? I dont want to make any silly mistakes.
KEISHA Sure. Lets see. First, you need to
1
__________________ the position youre interested
in.
JESS Oh, yes, of course.
KEISHA Now, youve put your phone number here, but
you havent
2
__________________ the area code.
Isnt it 01625? I dont think youve finished the
3
__________________ section here either. You need
to put all the different exams you did in your last year
at school.
JESS What, all of them? OK.
KEISHA Oh, this bit here. Youre not supposed to write
anything.
JESS What? Oh, I see now. Its for the
4
__________________ not the applicant. Right.
KEISHA In the part about
5
__________________ , are
you sure youve put every part-time job youve done
in the past? What about the baby-sitting?
JESS Oh, yes, I didnt think about that.
KEISHA Youve been to the USA before, havent you?
JESS Yeah, I went about five years ago with Mum.
KEISHA So you need to
6
__________________ this
section about previous visits to the USA.
JESS Right. And what about this bit, Please list two
7
__________________ . Who shall I put?
KEISHA Well, put your boss at Fashion Plus, and Mr
Harris from school. Oh, and dont forget to tell
them when youll be
8
__________________ for an
interview.
2
2

Listen and check.
Real talk
3 Complete the dialogue with these words. You
dont need all of them.
Who exactly is | kind of | drop dead gorgeous |
Youre kidding | That is so cool | Anyway
ANNIE Mum says you can come on holiday to Cyprus
with us.
STACEY
1
___________________ !
ANNIE No, Im not. Joes coming too.
STACEY
2
____________________ Joe?
ANNIE He goes to school with my brother. Hes
3
_____________________ !
STACEY Fantastic.
4
____________________ . Thanks
so much.
4
3

Listen and check.
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55
Dialogue
5 Complete the dialogue with these expressions.
pieces of luggage | interfered with | an aisle or a
window | pack these bags | ticket and passport | any
hand luggage | carrying any electronic equipment |
check it in
CLERK Good morning. Can I see your
1
____________________, please?
PASSENGER Hi. Here you are.
CLERK How many
2

____________________ have you
got?
PASSENGER Just this suitcase.
CLERK Have you got
3
____________________ ?
PASSENGER Yes, Ive got this bag.
CLERK Hmm. Its too big. Im sorry, youll have to
4
______________________ .
PASSENGER Oh Ill need to take some things out,
then.
CLERK Now I need to ask you some security questions.
Did you
5
____________________ yourself?
PASSENGER Yes, I always pack my own bags.
CLERK Are you
6
____________________ in your
suitcase?
PASSENGER Ive got a personal CD player.
CLERK Thats OK. Are you carrying anything sharp,
such as knives or scissors?
PASSENGER No, nothing.
CLERK Could anyone have
7
____________________
your luggage?
PASSENGER No, I dont think so.
CLERK OK, Ms Connor. Would you like
8
______________________ seat?
PASSENGER Id like a seat near a window, please.
CLERK Right. Here you are. Go to Gate 15. Youre
boarding in 45 minutes. Enjoy the flight!
6
4

Listen and check.
Exam Listening - Towards PET (Part 3)
7
5

Listen to the conversation and complete the
notes.
Interview notes
DATE:________________________ TIME:_____________________
NAME OF APPLI CANT:
Mr Mi chael Jones
ADDRESS:
Lewi s Street,
1

REASON FOR WANTI NG TO WORK HERE:
Our reputati on, and
2


SPECI AL SKI LLS:
Has got
3
ski l l s.
Has done a
4
course.
Is an excel l ent
5

OTHER SPORTS HE / SHE CAN DO:
footbal l , tenni s,
6
,
karate,
7

and
8

ART SKI LLS:
Has won
9
for
pai nti ng, and enjoys
10

cl asses.
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18
Module 1
Interculture

Project

Glossary
Geography and landscape
The USA is a huge country and is the worlds third
largest nation (total area). There is a time difference
of six hours between Alaska and Maine! The USA has
a varied landscape including temperate forests in
the east, huge at plains in the centre, deserts in the
south-west, the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains,
the Great Lakes, temperate rainforests in the Pacic
Northwest, mangrove forests in Florida, Arctic
regions in Alaska, and the volcanic islands of Hawaii.
The weather is varied in the north there are very
cold winters and in the south-east it is sub-tropical.
Sometimes there is extreme weather in the USA with
oods, hurricanes, droughts and earthquakes.
States and government
The USA has 50 states 48 form the landmass between
Canada and Mexico. Alaska is the 49
th
state, and Hawaii
was the last state to form part of the USA. The USA has
a federal government that runs the whole country, and
a president. It is a democracy, and people can vote for
the president, and parliament (Congress). Almost all
politicians are either Democrats or Republicans. Each
state has its own government. These governments
create their own taxes and laws.
1 PAIRWORK What do you know about the
USA? Answer these questions.
1 How many states are there?
2 Which two states are not joined to the landmass?
3 What are the two main political parties?
4 What industries does the USA have?
5 What is its population?
6 What are the main oceans around the USA?
2 Study the map and read the information
on the right. Check your answers to the
questions in exercise 1.
3 Read the information on the right again and
decide if the sentences are T (True) or F
(False).
1 If its 6 a.m. in Alaska, its 8 a.m. in Maine. T / F
2 There is a wide variety of different geographical
features in the USA. T / F
3 Hawaii is the 50th state. T / F
4 There are many different political parties in the
USA. T / F
5 The USA manufactures a lot, but it doesnt have
its own resources. T / F
6 The population of the USA in 1920 was 390
million. T / F
7 Many people in the USA are descended from
Europeans. T / F
8 Native Americans and Inuit are the oldest
inhabitants of the USA. T / F
4 Look at the map and complete the
alphabetical list of states.
Find out some more information about the USA.
Choose a topic, for example The Government, and do
research on the Internet. Do a project and illustrate it
with photos, diagrams and charts.
plains oods
droughts landmass
coal corn
wheat iron
slaves
The
USA
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19
About the USA
Economy
The USA has the most important economy in the
world. The country has rich mineral resources
including gold, oil, coal and uranium. The USA is a
top producer of corn, wheat, sugar and tobacco, and
its industries produce aluminium, iron, steel, cars,
aeroplanes and electronics. But the biggest sector
of the economy is that of the service industries.
The people
The USA has a population of 308 million, many
descended from European immigrants. The
population grew from a few million in 1820 to
over 100 million by 1920. Large groups of people
are descended from immigrants from Germany,
England, Scotland, Ireland and Italy, Scandinavian
countries and other eastern and southern European
countries. People from Mexico and South and
Central America are the largest minority group
14.8% of the population. About 13% of the population
are African-Americans, mostly descended from
African slaves brought to America, and 4.4% of the
population is Asian-American. Native Americans and
Inuit have lived in the country thousands of years,
but make up less than 1% of the population.
Culture
All the major cities have classical music, historical, scientic
and art centres, and many museums. There is a rich culture
of dance, theatre, lm and popular music. US culture
inuences the rest of the world, especially the Western World.
Music, movies and TV from the USA are popular everywhere,
and US food and lifestyle is also exported all over the world.

Alabama
A__________
Arizona
Arkansas
C__________
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
F__________
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
I__________
Iowa
Kansas
K__________
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
M__________
Minnesota
M__________
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
N__________
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
N__________
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
O__________
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
T__________
Utah
Vermont
V__________
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
W__________
The 50 states of the USA
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20
Module 1
Interculture
1 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
1 What are the public holidays in your country? And in
your region or city?
2 What are the origins of these days?
3 What happens on these special days?
4 Which do you prefer?
2 Read the project and answer the questions.
Which holidays ...
1 celebrate the achievements of an individual?
2 celebrate a particular historical event in the USA?
3 celebrate an exact date?
4 are religious?
3 Read the project again and write the name of
the holidays.
1 people watch the behaviour of a small animal
_____________
2 people dress up in scary clothes _____________
3 there is a big dinner with special food in the autumn
_____________
4 it remembers a historical battle _____________
5 it commemorates the leaders of the USA
_____________
6 it celebrates a famous activist _____________
7 there are parades during this late summer event
_____________
8 it commemorates the dead _____________
Hi! Were from Westlands High School, Denver,
and this is our class project on holidays in the
USA.The calendar of holidays in the USA tells us
about the history of our nation. These are some
of the holidays that we celebrate.
Martin Luther King Day third Monday
of January In the 1950s and 1960s the Reverend Dr
Martin Luther King used non-violent protests to ght against
the treatment of blacks as second-class citizens. He made
a famous speech in 1963 which started, I have a dream ...
Soon after, the US Congress prohibited racial discrimination.
In 1968 Martin Luther King was assassinated, and since 1986
there has been a holiday on that day.
Presidents Day third Monday of
February George Washington was the rst president
of the USA. There was a national holiday to celebrate his
birthday on 22 February until the 1970s. But then Congress
decided to create a single day to celebrate all the presidents
of the USA.
Memorial Day fourth Monday in May
Cities all around the country have their own ceremonies,
parades and memorial services to honour the dead. The
President of the USA gives a speech and lays a wreath. For
many Americans this day marks the beginning of summer,
and we go to the beach or to the mountains.
Holidays
in the USA
Holidays
in the USA
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Project
Glossary
21
About the USA
4 Find the ways of celebrating that match these
definitions.
1 a special religious event to remember the dead
_____________
2 a meal outside sitting on the ground _____________
3 a procession of people _____________
4 beautiful, colourful, noisy explosions in the night sky
_____________
5 a special get-together of friends with food, drink and
music _____________
6 a huge meal with lots of special food _____________
5 PAIRWORK Which holidays in the USA do you
prefer? Why?
Choose one of the following for a project. Do some
research on the Internet. Illustrate your project with
photos.
a US holiday a holiday in your country
the dead to mark
trick harvest
cranberry sauce sweet potatoes
pumpkin pie hole
shadow
Independence Day the fourth of July
This is the birthday of the USA as a free nation. It
commemorates the signing of the Declaration of
Independence on July 4, 1776. The 13 British colonies on the
eastern coast were at war with Britain. They fought for the
freedom of the colonies. We have picnics, patriotic parades,
concerts and reworks on this day.
Labor Day rst Monday of September
In 1894 Congress made Labor Day a holiday to honour all
working people. In many places there are Labor union
parades. It marks the end of the summer and we often go to
the beach for a three-day weekend. And for us students, it
marks the beginning of the school year!
Columbus Day second Monday in
October Do you know who Christopher Columbus was?
Of course you do! He was the European navigator who landed
in the New World in 1492. There is a huge parade in New York
to celebrate this holiday.
Halloween 31st October Trick or treat say the
children as they go from house to house dressed as ghosts
and witches. The neighbours have to give them a present
or they have a trick played on them. Teenagers and adults
have masquerade parties, too. The orange pumpkin, with its
scary face, is a symbol of Halloween and comes from a Celtic
tradition.
Thanksgiving Day fourth Thursday in
November What is this important event about? When
the Pilgrim Fathers arrived in Massachusetts in 1621 they
had a terrible rst winter. Then Native Americans taught
them how to grow food, and the next harvest was so good
that they held a feast. We have a big dinner with our family
and friends and serve food from that rst feast roast
turkey, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes and pumpkin
pie. We give thanks before we begin the meal.
Christmas 25th December Most
Americans are Christians and we have a holiday for
the Christmas period and spend it with our family and
friends. We go shopping before Christmas and give
each other presents on Christmas Day. We decorate our
homes, have a Christmas tree and eat Christmas dinner.
Ethnic Holidays There are other signicant
holidays which arent national days. The Chinese
communities celebrate Chinese New Year with
reworks and feasts. And since 1966, African Americans
have celebrated Kwanzaa, an African harvest festival.
Mardi Gras happens in New Orleans with a big parade.
And on St Patricks Day there is a parade in New York
to commemorate the Irish patron saint.

State Holidays Each state has its own holidays,
too. Our favourite is Groundhog Day. It is celebrated in
Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. A groundhog, Punxsutawney
Phil, has to come out of his hole. If he sees his shadow in
the sun, it is going to be an early spring. If not, it will be a
long winter! It was the location of a famous comedy lm,
Groundhog Day.
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46
Warm up
1 What is your favourite type of music?
R&B | Hip Hop | Trance | Indie | Folk |
Jazz | Classical | Pop | Rock
2 PAIRWORK Which instruments are
traditionally used in a jazz band?
a violin
b flute
c saxophone
d drums
e clarinet
f trumpet
g recorder
h trombone
i double bass
Reading
3 Read the article and write the
musical styles for these artists.
1 Jelly Roll Morton __________
2 Charlie Parker __________
3 Louis Armstrong __________
4 Read the article again and circle
T (True) or F (False).
1 Slaves often sang while they worked. T / F
2 Blues music was never popular in the towns.
T / F
3 People from many different countries lived in
New Orleans in the 1900s. T / F
4 Jazz and blues music started in the northern
states of the USA. T / F
5 Chicago-style jazz started in the 1950s. T / F
6 If you use improvisation, it means that you
play exactly the same tune every time. T / F
Vocabulary
5 Match the words with the definitions.
1 slave
2 harmony
3 immigrant
4 folk music
5 syncopation
6 bass line
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CLIL
MUSIC: HISTORY OF JAZZ

three from the following:
[A/W: photos of: Scott Joplin playing ragtime music;
early 19
th
century illustration of slaves in
America,
a marching band,
Louis Armstrong;
Ella Fitzgerald]
It was dangerous and it was rebellious. It was
called The Devils Music. It started in the elds
of southern USA as the music of the slaves, but
now we see it as a symbol of democracy and
freedom. When we look at the history of blues
and jazz music, we can follow the history of
black America, from slavery to celebrity.
Jazz and Blues
Work songs and Spirituals
In 19th century southern USA, most African Americans
worked as slaves in the elds. Their lives were very hard
and they sang work songs and spirituals religious
songs to show their feelings of sadness and their
hopes for freedom. These songs were the beginnings
of blues music and the word blues means a feeling
of sadness. Sometimes slaves used these songs to
give secret messages to each other. For example, the
spiritual, The Gospel Trains A-comin, is about a group of
slaves who are getting ready to escape from slavery.
The Beginnings of Jazz
When slavery ended in 1865, many African Americans
moved into the towns. They brought blues music with
them and it became popular throughout Southern
America. The most exciting city in the southern USA at
this time was probably New Orleans. It was full of people
and their music from all over the world. As well as blues
music, there were marching bands which played brass
instruments like trumpets, cornets and tubas and there
was folk music from Europe. At the same time, two
black musicians - Scott Joplin and Jelly Roll Morton
developed a form of piano music called Ragtime. This
used syncopation with a strong bass line.
Gradually a new type of music grew from these
different musical styles jazz music. It was the music of
the people, the music of the immigrants, the slaves and
the rebels.
a traditional music from one
country or one group of
people
b a rhythm with the emphasis
on the weak beat
c someone who belongs to
another person and has to
work for them
d the lowest instrumental part
in a piece of music
e a combination of musical
notes played at the same
time
f a person who comes from
one country into another
country to live
Jazz is the big brother
of Revolution.
Revolution follows it
around. MILES DAVIS
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Project
47
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Listening
6
34

Listen to the interview. How
did Louis Armstrong develop the
scat style of singing?
7 Listen again and complete the
timeline for Louis Armstrong.
1901 born
19__ sang in the streets of New Orleans
1915 _____________________ playing
cornet for a dance hall.
19__ moved to Chicago
1924 got a job ________________ .
19__ made his first recording.
Speaking
8 Ask and answer. Check your
answers to exercise 7.
(
A When did he sing in the streets
of New Orleans?
)
B I think it was 1912. What did he
do in 1915?
(
A He
Writing
9 Write a paragraph about Louis
Armstrongs early life.
Research another great jazz musician.
You can choose one of these musicians,
or you can use your own ideas.
Charlie Parker
Wynton Marsalis
Charles Mingus
Thelonious Monk
a Make notes about
The musicians childhood
When did he/she rst learn to play
an instrument?
What kind of jazz music did he/she
play?
What songs did he/she write?
b Write a short article about your
musician.
Jazz and the Great Depression
Jazz and blues music spread from the southern states to the northern and
it became the music for the young generation of the 1920s. By now, jazz
music was popular with white and black audiences. During the Great
Depression of the 1930s and then the second world war, people danced
to jazz bands as a way of escaping from their difcult lives at home. Louis
Armstrong and Duke Ellington formed jazz orchestras and played Chicago
style jazz. But although they were famous musicians, they still experienced
racial segregation where black and white people went to different schools,
had different seats on the bus and even used different entrances to get into
concert halls.
Cool Jazz
By the 1950s, there were many different styles of jazz music. Artists like
Charlie Parker, Miles Davis and Ella Fitzgerald used a lot of improvisation.
Each time they played a tune, they created a new way to play it and they used
a lot of extra notes. This style of jazz was called cool jazz.
Other jazz styles in the 1950s and 1960s included be-bop, hard bop and
free jazz.
Jazz hasnt stopped developing, changing and growing. It
has been a huge inuence in much of the popular music of
today, especially R&B, soul music and hip hop. The devils
music is still alive!
Jazz isnt dead.
It just smells funny. FRANK ZAPPA
The Gospel Trains acomin
I hear it just at hand
I hear the car wheels rumblin
And rollin thro the land
CHORUS:
Get on board little children
Get on board little children
Get on board little children
Theres room for many more
I hear the train acomin
Shes comin round the curve
Shes loosened all her steam and brakes
And strainin evry nerve
The fare is cheap and all can go
The rich and poor are there
No second class aboard this train
No difference in the fare
Jazz and Blues
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