Our innovation delivers

solution for offshore gas

eld development with safety,
high efciency, and high cost performance
LiBro

FLNG Concept
MODEC, Inc. (MODEC) has developed the LiBro FLNG concept
with Toyo Engineering Corporation (TOYO) and Nippon Kaiji Kyo-
kai (ClassNK) as an economical solution for monetizing remote
stranded offshore gas fields. The LiBro FLNG concept applies
MODECs LiBro technology and Air Products Triple N

Expander
Liquefaction technology (Air Products AP-N LNG Process).
Key features of the LiBro FLNG concept are ;

High efciency by application of LiBro

High availability by proven equipment

Enhanced safety by use of N

refrigerant

Cost effectiveness by conventional ship hull design

Early delivery by Shipyard-friendly design

LiBro

MODECs Li Bro technol-

ogy i s based on Li thi um
Bromide (Li-Br) Absorption
Refrigeration. The LiBro unit
produces chilled water using
waste heat from gas turbine
exhaust.
The Li-Br based Absorption
Refrigeration unit is widely
used for centralized air conditioning application onshore. Over
10,000 Li-Br Absorption Refrigeration units have been delivered.
The largest unit has successfully been in operation since 2007
and the performance of the unit is well demonstrated.
MODEC developed the proprietary guide plates for the distri-
bution of absorption solution onto the entire heat exchanging
surface in order to achieve the expected chilled water generation
performance under sea motion conditions. The effectiveness and
performance of the guide plate were demonstrated successfully
using a full scale LiBro unit and were conrmed through dynamic
motion tests.
Process Conguration and Performance
A schematic process ow diagram of the LiBro FLNG concept is
shown below (Fig.-1).
Fig.-1 : Flow schematic of the LiBro FLNG
Chilled Water
(From LiBro
Unit)
Chilled Water
(From LiBro
Unit)
Combustion Air
LiBro Unit
N2 Refrigeration
System
Chilled Water
(From LiBro Unit)
LNG
C5+
C5+ Removal
Column
C2-C4
C1
Coil Wound Heat Exchanger (CWHE)
Scrub Column
Gas Turbine
Feed Gas
The LiBro unit is integrated with Air Products AP-N LNG Pro-
cess and the chilled water produced in the LiBro unit is used
for precooling of the natural gas and cooling of N

refrigerant
for improved LNG train efciency. Produced chilled water is also
used for cooling of the gas turbine combustion air for maximizing
output of gas turbine driver. With the LiBro unit integration, the
Safe and Efcient FLNG Solution
Safety Consideration
The LiBro FLNG concept involves N

as refrigerant for natural

gas liquefaction. N

is a non-flammable fluid and much safer

compared to mixed hydrocarbon refrigerants.
Air Products Coil Wound Heat Exchanger (CWHE) is used as the
main heat exchanger for natural gas liquefaction. Air Products
CWHE is widely applied with its robust design and high reliability.
For the LiBro FLNG concept, the CWHE shell is mechanically
designed to withstand natural gas supply pressure against coil
rupture scenarios.
Cost Effectiveness
Utilization of an existing standard shipbuilding hull design as the
basis will contribute to significant cost savings compared to a
purpose designed and built hull. Air Products AP-N LNG Process
which uses non-ammable N

refrigerant will allow a more com-

pact topside design on the limited available deck space for top-
side equipment and piping because of reduced safety corridor
requirements. In addition, the LNG production capacity can be
maximized by the integration of the LiBro unit. The LiBro unit
is compact and can be installed beneath the gas turbines. No ad-
ditional deck space is required for installation.
For the typical gas composition from an offshore gas eld, the
standard hull design (300m x 50m) will accommodate the topside
facilities with LNG production capacity of 2.0 MTPA and LNG
storage capacity of 160,000 m.
Early Delivery
The Shipyard-friendly design is adapted to the hull design of the
LiBro FLNG concept. Conversion of standard shipbuilding bulk
carrier, instead of special purpose built hull, is considered as the
basis of the LiBro FLNG concept in order to realize early deliv-
ery. IHI Marine United Inc. SPB ( Self-Supporting Prismatic-Shape
IMO Type B ) Tank, which features ( 1 ) wide & at upper deck to
enable installation of the topside plant and ( 2 ) no sloshing with
internal bulkheads construction to enable partial cargo opera-
tion, are installed into the cargo space as LNG product storage
and will also contribute to its early delivery.
The LiBro FLNG concept can be applied to both new built hull
and existing hull conversions.
Typical Specication of LiBro

FLNG
Typical specification of the LiBro FLNG is summarized below.
Maximum achievable LNG production capacity is 2.0 MTPA
based on existing shipbuilding standard hull of Setouchi-Maxsize
vessel. The LNG storage capacity can be adjusted flexibly to
meet the capacity of ofoading shuttle LNG carriers. The LNG
ofoading system can be selected for either Side-by-Side or Tan-
dem per customers preference. Also the electrical motor driven
LiBroFLNG can be offered with high reliability and availability
for smaller LNG production capacity.
Fig.-3 : Topside equipment layout of the LiBro FLNG
Toyo Engineering Corporation
2-8-1 Akanehama, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-0024, Japan
TEL: +81-47-454-1571
FAX: +81-47-454-1164
http://www.toyo-eng.co.jp
overall efficiency of LNG train is improved, greater gas turbine
power is made available, and increased LNG production capacity
with the gas turbines selected is achieved (Fig.-2).
Efficiency improved by
LiBropre cooling
Efficient but
Complicated
and unsafe
Typically
Considered
for Large FLNGs
Typically
Considered for
Mid/Small FLNGs
Proposed as
economical solution Safe,
Simple & Robust,
but Inefficient
MODEC Solution Safe,
Simple, Robust,
and Efficient
Simplify
withCompromised
Efficiency
90
100 100
87
72
80
87
96
Cascade 2xN2 3xN2
Onshore Only
Flammable Gas Refrigerant
Plural Compressors in Series
LiBro
+3xN2
LiBro
+3xN2
GT Intake Air
Cooled
SMR DMR C3MR
Fig.-2 : Comparison of LNG Production per GTG Selected
300m
50m
L-Size M-Size
Liquefaction Technology
Air Products AP-N LNG Process
+ MODEC LiBro
LNG Production Capacity 2.0 MTPA 1.6 MTPA
Refrigerant Compressor Driver
Gas Turbine
(PGT25+G4)
Motor
LNG Storage Capacity 160,000 m
3
LNG Ofoading Side-by-Side or Tandem
Condensate Storage Capacity 20,000 m
3
Condensate Ofoading Conventional Floating Hose
Hull Size 300mL x 50mW
MODEC, Inc.
Nihonbashi Maruzen Tokyu Building 4th & 5th Floors
2-3-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027 Japan
TEL: +81-3-5290-1200
FAX: +81-3-5290-1501
http://www.modec.com/
Safe and Efcient FLNG Solution
2014.02.20FP
* LiBro is a trademark of MODEC, Inc., registered in Japan, U.S. and other countries.