Ford Explorer

Ford Explorer
Overview
Manufacturer Ford Motor Company
Production 1990present
Model years 1991present
Body and chassis
Class Mid-size sport utility vehicle (1991
2010)
Full-size crossover (2011present)
Chronology
Predecessor Ford Bronco II
Ford Explorer
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Ford Explorer is a sport utility vehicle produced by
the American manufacturer Ford since 1990. The Ford
Explorer went on to become one of the most popular
sport utility vehicles on the road. The model years through
2010 were traditional body-on-frame, mid-size SUVs.
For the 2011 model year, Ford moved the Explorer to a
more modern unibody, full-size crossover SUV/crossover
utility vehicle platform, the same Volvo-derived platform
the Ford Flex and Ford Taurus use. It is slotted between
the traditional body-on-frame, full-size Ford Expedition
and the mid-size CUV Ford Edge. Although outwardly
similar, the fifth generation Explorer, Ford Edge and Ford
Escape do not share platforms. The fifth generation
Explorer does, however, share platforms with the Ford
Flex and Lincoln MKT.
The Explorer has also been involved in controversy, after
a spate of fatal rollover accidents in the 1990s involving
Explorers fitted with Firestone tires. Both two-door
Explorer Sport and four-door models of Explorer have
been sold. Part-time four-wheel drive is an available
option, and since 1995 this has been a 'shift on the fly'
system with full protection against being engaged at high
speed. A specially modified Special Service Vehicle
version is also available from Ford Fleet for law
enforcement agencies, fire departments, and EMS
agencies. Explorer was also the name of a trim package
offered on the Ford F-Series trucks from 1968 to 1986. The 2011 Ford Explorer was named North American
Truck of the Year.
[1]
Contents
1 First generation (19901994)
2 Second generation (19952001)
2.1 Significant year to year changes
2.2 Engine specifications
3 Third generation (20022005)
4 Fourth generation (20062010)
4.1 Ford Explorer Sport Trac
4.2 Sport Trac Adrenalin
4.3 Explorer America concept
5 Fifth generation (2011)
First generation (UN46)
First-generation Ford Explorer XLT 4x4
Overview
Production April 19901994
Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, United States
(Louisville Assembly Plant)
5.1 Features
5.2 Capability
5.3 Safety and security
5.3.1 NHTSA
5.4 Awards
5.5 2013 Ford Explorer Sport
6 Explorer Sport variation
6.1 Mazda Navajo
7 Ford Explorer Special Service Vehicle/Ford Police Interceptor Utility fleet vehicles
8 Export sales
8.1 UK models
8.2 Middle East
8.3 Current exports
9 Criticism and Controversies
9.1 Rollover and Firestone Tire controversy
9.2 U-Haul trailers
10 Sales
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
First generation (19901994)
When the first Ford Explorer rolled off the assembly line
on April 12, 1990, it was released in May, 1990 for the
1991 model year. First generation Explorers were
equipped with the then new 155 hp (116 kW) 4.0 L
Cologne V-6, manufactured in Cologne, Germany.
Vehicles came with either Ford's own 4-speed A4LD
automatic transmission, built in France, or Mazda's 5-
speed M5OD manual transmission. Like the Bronco II it
replaced, it was an SUV derivative of the Ranger pickup,
thus Explorers came equipped with many of the Ranger's
optional features. Like its direct competitor, the Chevrolet
S-10 Blazer, Explorers were available in both 3-door and
5-door body styles and with either rear-wheel drive or
four-wheel drive. The four-wheel drive versions were
equipped with a Borg Warner 1354 part-time four-
wheel drive transfer case. The 1354 was available with
either "Touch Drive" electronic push-button shifting or
manual lever-operated shifting. Both were "shift-on-the-
fly" designs that allowed the SUVs to be shifted from
two-wheel drive to "four-high" at any speed and into
St. Louis, Missouri, United
States(St. Louis Assembly)
Valencia, Venezuela (Valencia
Assembly)
Body and chassis
Body style 3-door SUV
5-door SUV
Layout Front engine, rear-wheel drive /
four-wheel drive
Related Mazda Navajo
Ford Ranger
Ford Bronco II
Powertrain
Engine 4.0 L Cologne V-6
Transmission 5-speed M5OD-R1 manual
4-speed A4LD automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 3-Door: 102.1 in (2593 mm)
5-Door: 111.9 in (2842 mm)
Length 3-Door: 174.5 in (4419 mm)
5-Door: 184.3 in (4673 mm)
Width 70.2 in (1778 mm)
Height 3-Door: 67.5 in (1714 mm)
5-Door: 67.3 in (1709 mm)
Eddie Bauer 4-Door 4WD: 68.3 in
(1735 mm)
Interior of First Generation Ford
Explorer 3-door Sport with cloth
seats
Second generation (UN105/UN150)
"four-low" when the vehicle was stopped. All Explorers
were equipped with the Ford 8.8 axle in either a limited
slip or open version with a variety of available gear ratios.
Four-wheel-drive front axles were the TTB ("Twin
Traction Beam") Dana 35 with some Dana 44-spec
components.
Explorers
initially came in
4 trim levels: the
base model XL
(which was
later replaced
with the XLS
trim package as
the base trim),
XLT, Sport
(which was
what the 3-
door version
was called), and the upscale Eddie Bauer edition. For the
1993 model year, engine output was increased by 5 hp
(4 kW) for a total of 160 hp (119 kW). The Limited
edition, added for the 1993 model year, was available
only in the 5-door body style and was positioned at the
top of the lineup above the Eddie Bauer edition. It
featured automatic headlights, an auto-dimming rear-view
mirror, foglamps, a center roof console with compass and
outside thermometer, unique wheels and grille, and an
automatic transmission as standard equipment. The grill
and headlight trims on the Limited edition were paint-
matched to the body color, unlike the chrome (XLT) or
black plastic (XL) versions on other trim levels.
Similar to the 5-door Ford Explorer, the 3-door Explorer Sport model came in both rear-wheel drive and four-
wheel drive variants. It replaced the Ford Bronco II as Ford's 3-door mid-size SUV. A variant of the Explorer
Sport was sold by Mazda as the Navajo, which won Motor Trend Truck of the Year award, until it was
discontinued in 1994.
A common complaint about the first generation models is that the light-duty A4LD automatic transmission,
which was basically the 3-speed Ford C3 transmission with an overdrive gear, was not well-suited for towing
and was unable to cope with higher power output from modified engines. The A4LD was also known to suffer
premature failure of the overdrive gear (or 4th gear) when used to frequently tow or haul heavy loads. Improved
fluid cooling using aftermarket transmission coolers can alleviate these issues. Also, the automatic locking front
hubs on four-wheel drive vehicles tended to fail prematurely; the manual versions, made for Ford by Warn,
suffered from fewer reliability problems.
Second generation (19952001)
Overview
Also called Ford Explorer Sport (3-door)
Production November 19942000
[2]
November 19942003 for Sport
Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, United States
St. Louis, Missouri, United States (
Assembly)
Body and chassis
Body style 3-door SUV(19952003)
5-door SUV(19952001)
four-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine
4.0 L Cologne OHV "Pushrod" V-6
(1995-2001)
4.0 L Cologne SOHC V-6 (1997-
2003)
5.0 L Windsor OHV V-8 (1996-
2001)
Transmission
5-speed M5OD-R1 manual (4.0 L
OHV)
5-speed M5OD-R1HD (4.0 L
SOHC)
4-speed 4R55E automatic (4.0 L
1995-1996)
4-speed 4R70W automatic (V-8
models)
5-speed 5R55E automatic (4.0 L
1997-2001)
Dimensions
The Explorer saw significant exterior, interior, and
suspension updates for the 1995 model year. The 4.0 L
Cologne V-6 from the previous generation carries over.
The "Twin Traction Beam" (TTB) front suspension was
replaced with a more carlike independent front
suspension. The Ford Explorer lineup now consisted of
two models, the 3-door Explorer Sport and the 5-door
Explorer. The Limited was once again the top of the line
model. The selectable automatic ControlTrac four wheel
drive system debuted with a two-speed dual range
transfer case featuring three drive modes: 2WD, 4WD
auto, and 4WD low. The 1995 Ford Explorer was the
first production vehicle to use a neon center high-mount
stop lamp.
[3]
It was also the first vehicle in its segment to
have dual front airbags. Like the Explorer 5-door, the
Explorer Sport was significantly redesigned for 1995.
The Eddie Bauer trim level was replaced with
Expedition on 3-door Explorers for the 1995 model
year, but the Expedition trim was removed from the
lineup for the 1996 model year, as the name was being
reused for the new 1997 Ford Expedition.
Explorers have became favored in the engine tuning
crowd, with many performance parts available. The 5.0
engine is popular due to the fact that many aftermarket
5.0 (302) Ford Mustang parts are interchangeable with
the 5.0 variant in the Explorer. Aftermarket parts available
for second generation Explorers include, but are not
limited to superchargers, nitrous kits, and headers.
2001 saw the introduction of the Explorer Sport Trac,
which put a small pickup bed behind four normal SUV
doors. The Sport Trac is similar in design to the Ford F-
Series Super Crew, except the F-Series is based on a full
size pickup truck.
In 2009, this generation Ford Explorer had five of the top
seven spots for vehicles traded in under the "cash for
clunkers" program, with the 1998 model topping the
list.
[4]
The 1994 model from the previous generation had
the eighth spot on the list.
The Explorer was sold outside of North America to
export markets in a right hand drive configuration. Today
countries like Japan export used right hand drive models
of the Ford Explorer to other countries such as Canada,
Australia and New Zealand where there is demand for
quality used right hand drive SUV's. Due to Japan's strict
Shaken Laws, used vehicles tend to have low milage with
detailed repair histories.
[5]
Wheelbase
199597 5-door: 111.5 in (2831
mm)
19982001 5-door: 111.6 in
(2834 mm)
199599 3-door: 101.7 in
(2565 mm)
200003 3-door: 101.8 in (2568
mm)
Length
19952001 5-door: 190.7 in
(4826 mm)
199597 3-door: 178.6in (4536 mm)
199899 3-door: 180.8 in
(4572 mm)
200003 3-door: 180.4 in
(4562 mm)
Width 70.2 in (1778 mm)
Height 67.068.3 in (17021735 mm)
Significant year to year changes
1996
5.0 L (302ci) 302/"5.0" Windsor V-8 and heavy-
duty 4-speed 4R70W automatic transmission
added.
"Full time" all wheel drive system becomes
available only for the V-8 powered models.
1997
Saddle Tan interior is discontinued and replaced
with Medium Prairie Tan, a lighter color.
An updated, more powerful version of the current
pushrod V-6 is added as an option on all models
(except Eddie Bauer and Limited, on which this
engine was standard), the 4.0 L Cologne SOHC
V-6.
[6]
A new 5-speed automatic transmission, the
5R55E, replaces the 4R55E for V-6 powered
Explorers. It's the first 5-speed automatic
transmission in any North American automobile.
[7]
Four wheel drive V-6 powered Explorers receive a new electronic transfer case. The transfer case
selection knob on the dash no longer has a "2WD" option, being replaced with "Auto".
The Ford Explorer's twin, the Mercury Mountaineer debuts.
In early 1997, the 5.0 L V-8 received new cylinder heads (GT-40P series), which upped power to
215 hp (160 kW).
1998
Lift-gate redesigned.
Rear bumper redesigned.
Tail lights redesigned.
Seats are redesigned.
Dashboard's back-lighting is changed from blue to green.
Eddie Bauer and Limited models get a new steering wheel with integrated audio controls.
The neon center high-mount stop lamp is replaced with a more conventional LED lamp.
Rear privacy glass color is changed from bronze to black.
New 16" aluminum alloy wheels are now optional on XLT models and standard on Eddie Bauer models.
All models get a standard security system.
Explorers are upgraded to second generation airbags.
1999
Fog lights redesigned.
Side airbags made available as an option.
Reverse-Sensing System made available as an option
Front bumper redesigned.
Quarter panels are slightly redesigned.
An XLS appearance package is offered on the base XL models.
Limited models get new 5-spoke 16" alloy wheels.
Limited models no longer have their own unique grille.
A new interior color, Dark Graphite, is added to the option list.
2000
XLS replaces XL as the base model.
Flex-fuel version introduced
2001
The Cologne OHV V-6 is discontinued, making the Cologne SOHC V6 the standard engine.
Last model year for 5 door Second Generation Explorers.
Sport model receives a new tailgate, new front end, as well as other cosmetic changes.
[8]
2002
Sport model continues as a second generation model. Gauges now have a white face and new wheels.
2003
Final year for the 2-door sport model.
Engine specifications
Ford Cologne 4.0 L OHV V-6
Model years 19952001
Power (SAE net) 160 hp (119 kW)
Torque (SAE net) 220 ftlbf (300 Nm)
Ford Cologne 4.0 L SOHC V-6
Third generation (U152)
Overview
Production November 20002005 (up to 2006
in the
Philippines
)
[9]
Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. (St. Louis
Assembly)
Assembly)
Body and chassis
four-wheel drive / all-wheel drive
Related Ford Explorer Sport
Ford Explorer Sport Trac
Lincoln Aviator
Mercury Mountaineer
Powertrain
Engine 4.0 L Cologne V6
4.6 L 16-valve Modular V8
Transmission 5-speed M5OD-R1HD manual
5-speed 5R55W automatic
5-speed 5R55S automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 200203: 113.7 in (2888 mm)
200405: 113.8 in (2890 mm)
Ford Windsor 5.0 L OHV V-8
Third generation (20022005)
The 5-door Explorer and its companion the Mercury
Mountaineer, in January 2001 were redesigned entirely
for the 2002 model year, losing all design similarity with
the Ford Ranger while also gaining a similar appearance
to its big brother, the Ford Expedition. The new design is
frequently mistaken for the later second generation
Expedition, having rounded wheel sockets and larger
back lights along with a more rounded appearance
overall. The previous generation's 4.0 L SOHC 12 valve
V-6 engine carried over, however the Windsor V8 was
replaced by the 4.6 L 2V SOHC 16 valve V-8. Though
in the Sport Trac variant, the 4.0 L SOHC 12 valve V-6
was rated at just 205 hp (153 kW), 242 ftlbf (328 Nm)
of torque.
[10]
A third row seat became available for the first time,
bringing total passenger capacity to seven. The Mazda 5-
speed manual and the 5-speed Ford C3-derived
automatic transmissions were available, but the 2002
model year was the last year the larger 5-door variant
could be ordered with a manual transmission. Trim
packages were now the base Sport Value, Sport
Choice, XLS, Sport Premium, XLT, Eddie Bauer, and
Limited, in order of luxury trim-offerings. The 2002-2004
models also saw stability control as an option, Ford's
AdvanceTrac with Roll Stability Control system. The
stability control system became standard for the 2005
model year.
For the third generation, Ford installed fully independent
rear suspension in the 5-door Ford Explorer and Mercury
Mountaineer - but not in the 3-door Sport model. This
replaced the non-independent "live axle" rear suspension
used in previous model year Explorers. With a fully
independent rear suspension, each rear wheel connects to
the rear differential via a half-shaft drive axle. This design
offers increased ride comfort, on-road handling, and
vehicle stability. Other vehicles have used this setup on
both rear and four-wheel drive vehicles for many years.
For example, the Hummer H1 and the Mercedes-Benz
ML-Class use independent front and rear suspension.
One reason for Ford's switch to independent rear
suspension in the Explorer was due to the well-publicized
Length 189.5 in (4800 mm)
Width 72.1 in (1828 mm)
Height 71.4 in (1803 mm)
Fourth generation (U251)
Overview
Production 2005December 2, 2010
Assembly Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
vehicle rollovers and resulting fatalities that occurred with
the previous generations of Ford Explorer. All of the
Explorers involved in the rollovers had non-independent
rear suspension and most of the vehicles had Firestone
tires which Ford judged to be defective (see below).
[11]
The suspension change drew some displeasure amongst fans of live-axle rear suspensions. One reason is that
live axles offer the most efficient power delivery. Another complaint was of lower load handling capabilities.
Also, the move to independent systems was not company wide. For example, the larger Ford F-Series still uses
a non-independent rear suspension, due mostly to its power and load handling capabilities, most useful when
towing large loads. Furthermore, it appears there is no evidence that the rollovers were caused by the use of a
live axle setup. The larger Ford Expedition used non-independent rear suspension (2003 and up Ford
Expeditions use independent rear suspension) and didn't have the same magnitude of rollover complaints as the
previous model year Explorers . Many, including Firestone felt the tire failures were due to under-inflation of
tires, likely due to Ford's specified pressure being too near to the low pressure fail point of the tire. However,
the Firestone tires were in Fords view defective and to this day the Ford Motor Company refuses to use
Firestone tires on Explorers or any vehicle it sells.
The Explorer, Sport Trac, and Mountaineer all use the code U6 for rear-wheel drive, U7 for four-wheel drive,
and U8 for all-wheel drive in the 5th and 6th positions of the VIN.
The 3-Door Explorer Sport was redesigned in 2001 to a similar body style as that of the 5-door 2002
Explorer. Due to the decline in popularity of 3-door smaller SUVs, the Explorer Sport was discontinued after
2003. The Sport-marque was reintroduced as a performance variant of the 5-door fifth generation Explorer,
which is actually now a full-size crossover utility vehicle. The U152 development program began in 1996, with
the final design being chosen in 1997 and frozen for production in February 1998.
[12]
Production began in
November 2000 for a January 2001 launch.
On the automotive consumer review website CarComplaints.com, the 2002 Ford Explorer is ranked as the
"Worst Vehicle on Record", largely due to widespread transmission failure at under 100,000 miles of drive time.
It is trailed by the 2004 model at #3, the 2003 at #6 and the 2005 at #18.
[13][14]
Fourth generation (20062010)
The Ford Explorer and the Mercury Mountaineer were
both updated for the 2006 model year on a new frame,
produced by Magna International rather than Tower
Automotive. It was upsized slightly because a then-brand
new crossover utility vehicle was added to Ford's
SUV/CUV lineup, the Ford Freestyle, in between the
Explorer SUV and the compact Ford Escape CUV.
Along with this new, stronger chassis, Ford updated the
interior, redesigned the rear suspension and added
power-folding third-row seats. Also, a tire pressure
monitoring system and electronic stability control became
standard equipment. Power running boards, like the ones
from the Lincoln Navigator, were also made available on
the Explorer and Mountaineer; the running boards lower
to allow easier access when entering the vehicle, then
retract upon door closure. Unlike previous generations,
St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. (St. Louis
Assembly)
Assembly)
Body and chassis
four-wheel drive
Related Ford Explorer Sport Trac
Mercury Mountaineer
Powertrain
Engine 4.0 L Cologne SOHC V-6
4.6 L Modular 24-valve V-8
Transmission 5-speed 5R55S automatic
6-speed 6R automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 113.7 in (2890 mm)
Length 193.4 in (4902 mm)
Width 73.7 in (1854 mm)
Height 200607: 71.2 in (1803 mm)
2008: 72.8 in (1,849 mm)
200910: 71.9 in (1,826 mm)
there was no right hand drive option available for order,
causing Ford to market Explorers in Japan in left hand
drive configuration. The LHD Explorers were desirable
there because LHD vehicles are considered prestigious in
Japan.
Moreover, Ford switched to a one-piece rear door due
to reports of cracks appearing on the plastic panel below
the rear window. Third generation Ford Explorers,
Mercury Mountaineers and Lincoln Aviators often acquire
a single crack visible vertically on the plastic panel
between the window and the rest of the lift gate, close to
the center respective badge.
The 210 hp (157 kW) 4.0L 12-valve SOHC V-6 was
once again the standard engine. A more powerful 292 hp
(218 kW) 4.6L 24-valve SOHC V-8, similar to the Fifth-
generation Ford Mustang's engine, was available as an
option. The 6-speed 6R automatic transmission, built by
Ford and based on a ZF design, was made standard
equipment with the V-8 engine as well. The five-speed
5R55W automatic transmission was advanced. It was the
only transmission available for the V-6 engine, because
the Mazda five-speed manual transmission was dropped
in the previous generation.
The 2006 Ford Explorer was nominated for the North
American Truck of the Year award for 2006.
For 2008, Ford added side curtain airbags across the
Explorer range. Also, the optional satellite navigation system was also upgraded with voice control.
[15]
For 2009, the Explorer received a trailer sway control system as standard equipment, and the navigation system
received traffic flow monitoring with updated gas prices from nearby stations.
[16]
For the 2010 model year, Ford's MyKey became standard on all Explorer trims.
The second generation Sport Trac came out in early 2006 for the 2007 model year. Unlike its predecessor
sold through 2005, it featured the V-8 engine as an option and was based on this generation Explorer's
platform. AdvanceTrac with Roll Stability Control was made standard on the Sport Trac.
Sport Trac Adrenalin
For the 2007 model year, the Ford Special Vehicle Team built the Sport Trac Adrenalin concept with a
supercharged version of the 4.6 L Modular V-8, with 390 hp (291 kW), and featuring 21-inch (530 mm)
wheels. Ford SVT said then it was the successor to the F-150 Lightning sports pickup truck. However, the
Adrenalin was cancelled in a cost-cutting move as part of The Way Forward.
[17]
Explorer America concept
Ford Explorer America concept
Fifth generation (U502)
Overview
December 3, 2010present
U.S. (Chicago Assembly)
(Valencia Assembly)
, Russia
[22]
Body and chassis
Crossover/CUV
front-wheel drive / all-wheel drive
Powertrain
turbocharged I-4 (front-wheel drive only)
Ti-VCT V-6
twin-turbocharged V-6 (Sport model, all-wheel drive only)
Ti-VCT V-6 (Police Interceptor Utility, all-wheel drive only)[1]
(http://www.motortrend.com/features/auto_news/2012/1205_ford_police_interceptor_utility_is_california_highway_patrols_next_cruiser/)
automatic w/ overdrive (EcoBoost I-4 model)
6-speed 6F SelectShift automatic (3.5L)
6-speed 6F SelectShift automatic with paddle shifters (Sport model)
[23]
Ford unveiled an Explorer America concept vehicle at the 2008
North American International Auto Show.
[18][19][20]
The Explorer
America concept is built on a unibody platform to reduce weight and
improve driveability, migrating from the body-on-frame platform of
the fourth generation Explorer. It is designed for up to six passengers
while improving fuel economy by 20 to 30 percent relative to the
current V6 Explorer. The powertrain packages in the concept vehicle
include a two-liter four-cylinder turbocharged direct injection
EcoBoost gas engine with 275 hp (205 kW) and 280 ftlbf
(380 Nm) of torque, and a 3.5L V6 version EcoBoost with 340 hp
(254 kW) and up to 340 ftlbf (460 Nm) of torque.
[21]
Fifth generation (2011)
Dimensions
112.6 in (2,860 mm)
[24]
197.1 in (5,010 mm)
The fifth generation 2011 Explorer takes cues from the Explorer America concept's construction, and includes a
unibody structure based on the D4 platform, a modified version of the D3 platform.
[25][26]
The new Explorer
features blacked-out A, B, and D-pillars to produce a floating roof effect similar to Land Rovers floating roof
design used on its sport utility vehicles. Ford already uses this floating roof design on the Ford Flex. The
Explorer's C-pillar remains body colored. It also gets sculpted body work with stepped style headlamps similar
to the Flex, Edge, Escape, Expedition and F-150. In addition, the Explorer receives new stepped style tail
lamps. The grille will receive the corporate three-bar design with upper and lower perforated mesh work, similar
to that of the sixth-generation Taurus.
The Explorer's chief design engineer is Jim Holland, who was also a chief design engineer for Land Rover.
Holland is responsible for the design of the previous generation Land Rover Range Rover (L322). Holland also
worked on the outgoing Ford Expedition (U324) during its initial development.
[27]
The fifth generation 2011 Explorer, developed under the program code name,
[28]
made its debut online on July
26, 2010. Ford had set up a Ford Explorer Facebook page ahead of its debut.
[29]
Assembly of the fifth-
generation Explorer moved to Ford's Chicago Assembly plant, where it is built alongside the Ford Taurus and
Lincoln MKS. The Louisville plant, where the previous generation was built, was converted to produce cars
based on Ford's global C platform (potentially including the Ford Focus, Ford C-Max, and Ford Kuga).
[30]
Like the Escape, the Explorer will continue to be marketed as an "SUV" rather than a "crossover SUV". It went
on sale in early 2011; pre-launch sales had by the end of November 2010 totaled around 15,000.
[31]
The EPA
rated fuel economy of 20/28 mpg city/highway for the four-cylinder EcoBoost engine option.
Features
Available features include intelligent access with push button start, remote engine start, power liftgate, power
adjustable pedals with memory, premium leather trimmed seating, heated and cooled front seats, dual headrest
DVD entertainment system, adaptive cruise control, active park assist, SIRIUS Travel Link, MyFord Touch,
Ford SYNC by Microsoft, Sony audio system with HD radio and Apple iTunes tagging, in-dash advanced
navigation system, SoundScreen laminated acoustic and solar tinted windshield with rain-sensing wipers, 20-inch
polished V-spoke aluminium wheels, high intensity discharge (HID) headlamps and LED tail lamps.
Capability
The Explorer is available in either front-wheel drive or full-time all-wheel drive. At first only one engine was
available: the 290 hp (216 kW) (255 lbft (346 Nm) of torque) 3.5 liter TiVCT (Twin independent Variable
Camshaft Timing) V-6 attached to either the 6-speed 6F automatic or 6-speed 6F SelectShift automatic.
Soon thereafter, Ford offered the economical 240 hp (179 kW) (270 lbft (370 Nm) of torque) 2 liter
EcoBoost turbocharged, direct-injected I-4 mated to the 6-speed 6F automatic. The I-4 engine is not be
available with the optional 6-speed 6F SelectShift automatic, and will only be available in front-wheel
drive.
[32][33]
The Explorer is available with an automatic intelligent all-wheel drive system inspired by Land Rover, featuring a
variable center multi-disc differential with computer controlled lock.
[34]
Conventional front and rear differentials
are used with 3.39:1 gearing. The center multi-disc differential controls the front-to-rear torque split, biasing as
much as 100 percent of torque to either the front or rear wheels.
[35]
Depending on the Terrain Management
mode selected, the center multi-disc differential's intelligent lock will allow for a 50:50 torque split in off road
conditions.
[35]
The power take off (PTO) unit includes a heavy-duty dedicated cooling system to allow the four-
wheel drive system to supply continuous non-stop torque delivery to all four wheels indefinitely, without
overheating.
[36]
A "4WD" badge is advertised on the rear liftgate on the all-wheel drive models.
[37][38]
Explorers overall off road crawl ratio is 15.19:1 with high range - no low range - gearing only.
Off road electronics include Hill Descent Control (HDC), Hill Ascent Assist (HAA), four-wheel electronic
traction control and Terrain Management.
Four-wheel electronic traction control (ABS braking) is employed to simulate front and rear differential locks via
aggressively "brake locking" the front or rear differentials, transferring up to 100 percent of torque from side-to-
side.
[34][36][39]
In the right conditions, the Explorer can keep moving even if only one wheel has traction,
regardless of which wheel it is.
Terrain Management will include four selectable modes. Each mode can be selected via a rotary control dial on
the center console, aft of the transmission shifter.
Terrain Management System
[40]
Default start selection: Normal Driving mode
Subsequent modes are selected by turning the control dial clockwise.
Second selection: Mud & Ruts mode
Third selection: Sand mode
Fourth selection: Grass/Gravel/Snow mode
Depending on the mode selected, Terrain Management will control, adjust, and fine tune the engine,
transmission, center multi-disc differential lock, throttle response, four-wheel electronic traction control and
electronic stability control (ESC) to adapt the SUV for optimal performance on the corresponding terrain.
Off road geometry figures for approach, departure and ramp brakeover angles are 21, 21 and 16
respectively.
[24]
Minimum running ground clearance is 7.6 inches (193 mm).
[24]
Standard running ground
clearance is 8.2 inches (208 mm).
[41]
Low hanging running boards are no longer offered from the factory to help
increase side obstacle clearance.
Unlike the Explorer America concept vehicle which only seats five occupants, the production Explorer will have
two rows of seating with available PowerFold fold flat third row seating (like the previous generation) and will
be able to accommodate up to seven occupants.
[42]
Moving to a monocoque body usually has a negative impact on towing capacity. The new Explorer will be
available with an optional trailer tow package. The package includes a Class III trailer hitch, engine oil cooler,
trailer electrics connector, trailer sway control (TSC), wiring harness and a rear-view camera with trailer
alignment assistance to help in backing up to a trailer. If equipped with the trailer tow package the new 2011
Explorer will be able to tow up to 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) of braked trailer. Thats 1,500 lb (680 kg) greater than
the towing capacity stated for the Explorer America concept and 2,115 lb (959 kg) less than the outgoing
Explorers towing capacity, although that was only available with the 4.6 L V8 engine.
[43][44]
Safety and security
Safety features include: Dual front adaptive SRS air bags, dual front seat side impact air bags, dual rear safety
belt air bags (available first quarter, 2011) and side curtain head, torso and rollover protection air bags. Other
safety features include BLIS blind spot information system with cross traffic alert, collision warning with brake
support precrash system, Roll Stability Control (RSC), Electronic stability control (ESC) and Curve Control.
The fifth-generation Explorer will be the first-ever vehicle to be equipped with inflatable dual rear safety belt air
bags. Air bags are sewn into the inside of the seat belts, and inflate with cold air to prevent burns. Ford claims it
will be released as an option and to introduce inflatable seat belts on other Ford models eventually.
[45]
NHTSA
NHTSA Ford Explorer:
[46]
Overall (2013-present)
Overall (2012)
Frontal Driver
Frontal Passenger (2013-present)
Frontal Passenger (2012)
Side Driver
Side Passenger
Side Pole Driver
Rollover FWD / 16.9%
Rollover AWD / 17.4%
Ford Explorer IIHS scores
[47]
Moderate overlap frontal offset Good
Small overlap frontal offset Marginal*(2013present models)
Side impact Good
Roof strength Good
*vehicle structure rated "Poor"
Awards
The current generation Ford Explorer earned the 2011 North American Truck of the Year award. The rear
inflatable seat belts won the 2011 Best New Technology Award from the Automobile Journalists Association of
Canada.
[48]
2013 Ford Explorer Sport
2013 Ford Explorer Sport
The Ford Explorer Sport was announced March 28, 2012 as an
option for the 2013 model year and went on sale in June 2012. The
"Sport" trim level comprises blackened exterior treatments, stiffened
chassis and suspension, larger brakes and the installation of the
EcoBoost 3.5L Twin Turbo V6 rated at 365 hp, and is the only
version to feature a combined 4WD/EcoBoost option (a FWD
version is not being offered for the Sport trim), allowing its MPG to
average between 16/city and 22/highway.
[49]
This version will be
slotted above the Limited trim and is expected to compete in this
segment against Jeep Grand Cherokee's SRT Sport and Dodge
Durango's R/T trims
[50]
and a newly updated 2013 Chevrolet
Traverse, the latter of which unveiled their new look on the same day as the Explorer Sport as their response to
Ford's news.
[51]
Explorer Sport variation
The Ford Explorer Sport was a 3-door version of the Ford Explorer, designed to take the place of the Bronco
II in Ford's model line, and was produced from 1991 to 2003. The Sport began as a trim level of the Ford
Explorer, but it eventually became its own model. It rode on a 10" shorter wheelbase. There was only one
Sport, but there were several other trim levels of the Explorer that were available with 2-doors (edmunds trim
levels) (http://www.edmunds.com/used/1991/ford/explorer/index.html), such as the XL (19911997), the Eddie
Bauer (19911994), and the Expedition (1995). In 1998 the Explorer Sport became the only 3-door trim level
of the Explorer, and in 2001 it became its own model, as the second generation Explorer moved on to a 5-
door-only 3rd generation. As mentioned above, the Explorer Sport returned as an upgraded 4-door trim for the
2013 model year.
1st-gen Explorer 2-door

19982000 Explorer
Sport

20012003 Explorer
Sport
Mazda Navajo
The Mazda Navajo is a rebadged version of the Ford Explorer and was the company's first sport-utility vehicle
in the United States (it was not sold by Mazda Canada). It was sold between the 1991 and 1994 model years.
At its launch, the Navajo was sold in a single configuration: a three-door body with four-wheel drive. As with
the Explorer, it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant. The Navajo was Motor Trend magazine's
Truck of the Year for 1991. The Navajo was created and sold only in North America; it was not offered in
Japan.
1994 Mazda Navajo LX
A CHP Ford Police Interceptor Utility
Vehicle.
The Navajo and Explorer Sport largely differed in exterior trim, with unique taillights, grille, front bumper, and
wheels. Inside, the two were nearly impossible to distinguish from one another, except for minor changes to seat
fabrics, the typeface on the instrument cluster, and the Navajo was given a different design for its steering wheel
hub. Similar to the 3-door Explorer, the Navajo came in two trim levels: base (renamed DX for 1992) and LX.
In contrast to the Explorer, the base version of the Navajo offered power windows, power locks and power
mirrors as standard. The LX added features such as extra interior illumination and a leather-wrapped steering
wheel. An optional premium package loaded up the Navajo with
luxuries including air conditioning, a stereo system with cassette deck,
cruise control, sport seats with power lumbar adjustment and a pop-
up/removable moonroof.
For 1992, the Navajo became available with rear-wheel drive,
geared towards buyers who liked the sporty image of an SUV, but
did not need four-wheel drive. Aside from the nomenclature change
of the base model to DX (to fit Mazda's naming scheme), the Navajo
changed so little that the company reused much of the photography
from its 1991 promotional materials for another year. For 1993, the
Navajo received mechanical upgrades alongside the Explorer, such as increased power for the V6 engine and
four-wheel anti-lock brakes. Unlike the Explorer, however, the only other change was an optional CD player.
For 1994, the LX model was given 5-spoke alloy wheels.
In comparison to the Explorer, sales of the Navajo were relatively poor and it was discontinued after the 1994
model year. While a five-door unibody design, the Mazda Tribute (based on the Ford Escape) is the next SUV
sold by the company in North America; it was produced from 2000 to 2011.
Ford Explorer Special Service Vehicle/Ford Police Interceptor
Utility fleet vehicles
To compete with other police SUVs that are sold by other automobile
companies, Ford has made a special version of the Explorer that's
only available to law enforcement agencies, fire departments, and
EMS agencies. Ford calls it the Explorer Special Service Vehicle
(SSV). The only differences between the standard Explorer and the
Special Service Vehicle Explorer are provisions for emergency
services related equipment such as radios, lightbars and sirens. There
are also options designated fleet only such as custom 2 tone paint
arrangements that are available to the Explorer Special Service
Vehicle.
The current generation Ford Explorer is the base for the newly
developed Police Interceptor Utility, which the California Highway Patrol now uses because the current Ford
Taurus, Chevrolet Caprice and Dodge Charger patrol cars did not meet the payload the CHP requires.[2]
(http://www.motortrend.com/features/auto_news/2012/1205_ford_police_interceptor_utility_is_california_high
way_patrols_next_cruiser/) The PI Utility uses the larger displacement 3.7 liter Ford Cyclone V-6 used in the
Ford Mustang and Ford F-150 instead of the 3.5 liter engine. The PI Utility is available only in all-wheel drive
and takes advantage of larger disc brakes, more advanced ABS and traction control systems, a more efficient
cooling system and other standard police equipment. The PI Utility comes with a column-mounted shifter as
well, as the previous generation Explorers had, to allow more space available for equipment. In May 2014,
statisticians R.L. Polk declared the PI Utility the most popular police vehicle, based on 2013 U.S. sales
figures.
[52]
For 2014, the 365 hp EcoBoost V6 engine will be available for the Police Interceptor Utility. [3]
(http://corporate.ford.com/news-center/press-releases-detail/hot-selling-ford-police-interceptor-utility-vehicle-
now-offers-3)
Export sales
UK models
In the UK, the Ford Explorer was initially available as just one model, with the 4.0-litre engine and with a high
specification the only dealer options being leather interior. Second and third-generation Explorers for the UK
and other RHD markets utilised a center console-mounted shifter and hand parking brake instead of the steering
column-mounted shifter and parking brake pedal used in the North American models. In 1998, a facelifted
Explorer was available with minor cosmetic interior changes and a revised rear tail lift which centered the rear
number plate. In 1999 the model range was revamped slightly, the base model becoming the XLT and a special
edition North Face version marketed with a tie in to North Face outdoor clothing. The North Face version was
available in a dark green or a silver, with body-colored bumpers, heated leather seats and a CD multichanger as
standard. In 2000, the North Face was also available in black. With the introduction of the all-new platform in
2002, Ford withdrew the Explorer from the UK market.
Middle East
In the Middle East, the 2012 Ford Explorer is currently available in several trims, all of which have a 3.5-liter
V6 engine and an automatic gearbox. Some GCC markets offer the front-wheel-drive version as a base model,
while most of the trims have standard all-wheel-drive.
[53]
Current exports
As of 2009, American-made Explorer is exported to Bolivia, Canada, Mexico, Dominican Republic, China,
Japan, South Korea, Israel, The Philippines, Russia, Iceland, the Middle East, and certain countries in South
America and Africa.
As of 2014, The Explorer is available in ukraine.
Criticism and Controversies
Rollover and Firestone Tire controversy
Rollover risk is inherently higher than cars in many truck-based vehicles, as modification for bulky 4-wheel-drive
hardware requires increases in height to avoid compromising ground clearance (raising the center of gravity),
while a short wheelbase further reduces stability. The previous Bronco II had already been cited by Consumer
Reports for rollover tendencies in turns; as with the Explorer, however, it was cleared by the NHTSA as being
no more dangerous than any other truck when driven unsafely. With a longer passenger compartment, the
Explorer added 600 pounds, but Ford did not deem it necessary to revise the suspension or tires to carry the
bigger load. It used the same tires as the Ford Ranger with a relatively low rating for high temperatures.
Lowering tire pressure recommendations softened the ride further and improved emergency stability through
increased traction, but increased the chances of overheating tires. A 1995 redesign with a new suspension
slightly raised the Explorer's center of gravity, but it was called inconsequential by a Ford spokesman. Memos
by Ford engineers suggested lowering the engine height, but it would have increased the cost of the new design.
In May 2000, the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) contacted Ford and Firestone
about a higher than normal incidence of tire failures on Ford Explorers, Mercury Mountaineers, and Mazda
Navajos fitted with Firestone tires (later including Ford Ranger and Mazda B-Series pickup trucks). The failures
all involved tread separation, in which the outer tread carcass would delaminate and cause a rapid loss of tire
pressure. Ford investigated and found that several models of 15 in (381 mm) Firestone tires (ATX, ATX II, and
Wilderness AT) had higher failure rates, especially those made at Firestone's Decatur, Illinois plant.
Ford recommended a tire inflation of only 26 pounds per square inch (179 kPa) likely contributing to the tread
separation problem by causing the tires to operate at higher than normal temperatures. However, Ford argued
that Firestone was at fault, noting that its SUVs and pickups equipped with Goodyear tires experienced no
rollover issues, even when inflated at low air pressure. Nevertheless, Ford subsequently recommended that front
and rear tires should be inflated to 30 pounds per square inch (207 kPa) on all Explorer models and mailed a
replacement tire pressure door sticker indicating the same to all registered owners.
Part of the rollover issue was poor driver reaction to the tire blowout.
[54]
When a tire blew, the vehicle would
experience a sudden sharp jerk, and many drivers reacted by counter-steering in an attempt to regain control.
This action would cause a shift of the vehicle's weight, resulting in a rollover especially at higher speeds (many
reports of rollovers were of vehicles being driven at speeds of 70 mph (110 km/h) and above). In a test
simulating dozens of tire blowouts, Larry Webster, a test-driver for Car & Driver magazine, was repeatedly
able to bring a 1994 Explorer to a stop without a single rollover, even at speeds of 70 mph (110 km/h).
[54][55]
According to Forbes magazine, car experts and NHTSA claim that the vast majority of crash accidents and
deaths are caused not by the vehicle, but by the driver, by road conditions or some combination of the two.
[56]
In response to Firestone's allegations of the Explorer's design defects, NHTSA undertook a preliminary
investigation and reported that further action was not required. Its conclusion was that the Explorer was no more
prone to rollover than other SUVs given their high center of gravity.
[57]
The subsequent introduction and
proliferation of electronic stability control systems have essentially addressed and mitigated this shortcoming.
U-Haul trailers
On December 22, 2003, U-Haul, the largest American equipment rental company, announced it would prohibit
its outlets from renting trailers to persons planning to tow behind Ford Explorers due to liability concerns, with
no published data to substantiate the claim.
[58]
Unofficial reports from employees indicated that it was due to the
rear bumper separating from the vehicle, including the tow hook assembly. U-Haul did not alter its policies
regarding the renting of trailers to persons planning to tow behind the Mercury Mountaineer, Mazda Navajo or
earlier versions of the Lincoln Aviator, which are all mechanically identical to the Ford Explorer.
[58]
In mid-
2013, U-Haul began allowing Ford Explorers of model year 2011 and newer to tow their trailers. All other
Ford Motor Company vehicles are allowed to tow U-Haul trailers.
[59]
Sales
Calendar Year Total US sales
1990
140,509
[60]
1991 282,837
1992 292,069
1993 301,668
1994 278,065
1995 395,227
1996 402,663
1997
383,852
[61]
1998 431,488
1999
[62]
428,772
2000 445,157
2001
[63]
415,921
2002
[64]
433,847
2003 373,118
2004
[65]
339,333
2005 239,788
2006
[66]
179,229
2007 137,817
2008
[67]
78,439
2009
[68]
52,190
2010
[69]
60,687
2011
[70]
135,179
2012
[71]
158,344
5,863 (Police Interceptor Utility)
2013
178,311
[72]
14,086 (Police Interceptor Utility)
See also
Mercury Mountaineer
Lincoln Aviator
Saleen XP6
Saleen XP8
References
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a

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57. ^ NHTSA Denies Firestone Request For Ford Explorer Investigation
(http://www.dot.gov/affairs/nhtsa01102.htm)
Wikimedia Commons has
media related to Ford
Explorer.
External links
Ford Explorer official website
(http://www.fordvehicles.com/suvs/explorer/)
Ford Explorer America Concept SUV
(http://autoshows.ford.com/194/2008/01/13/sustainability-display-ford/) at Ford Auto Shows
Ford Explorer America Concept SUV (http://ford.digitalsnippets.com/environment/) On Ford and the
Environment SMPR
History of the 1st Ford Explorer (http://www.explorer4x4.com/1stexplorer.html)
Serious Explorations (http://www.explorerforum.com/) Ford Explorer Enthusiast Website
Vehicle Specs for the Ford Explorer models and variants (http://www.where-can-i-buy-a-car-
online.com/car-model-list?make=ford&model=Explorer&year=) from Where Can I Buy A Car Online
(http://www.dot.gov/affairs/nhtsa01102.htm)
58. ^
a

b
Mayne, Eric (January 14, 2004). "U-Haul rejects Explorers"
(http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/retail/2004-01-08-uhaul-ford_x.htm). USA Today. Retrieved May
2, 2010.
59. ^ "Frequently asked questions: Truck rentals" (http://www.uhaul.com/trucks/faq.aspx#equipment). U-Haul.
60. ^ http://www.automobilemag.com/features/news/1007_ford_explorer_retrospective/viewall.html
61. ^ http://media.ford.com/article_print.cfm?article_id=872
62. ^ "Ford Motor Company Sets New Full Year U.S. Sales Record"
(http://www.theautochannel.com/news/press/date/20010103/press033466.html). Theautochannel.com.
63. ^ "Ford Motor Company's December U.S. Sales Climb 8.2 Percent"
(http://media.ford.com/pdf/Dec2002sales.pdf). Ford Motor Company.
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Record" (http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/01/05/175829.html). Theautochannel.com. September
13, 2010. Retrieved October 7, 2010.
65. ^ "Ford Achieves First Car Sales Increase Since 1999"
(http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/01/04/204860.html). Theautochannel.com. September 13, 2010.
66. ^ http://media.ford.com/article_download.cfm?article_id=27379
67. ^ "NEWS" (http://media.ford.com/images/10031/dec08sales.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved January 4, 2011.
68. ^ http://media.ford.com/images/10031/December09sales.pdf
69. ^ "FORDS 2010 SALES UP 19 PERCENT LARGEST INCREASE OF ANY FULL-LINE AUTOMAKER;
FOUNDATION SET FOR GROWTH IN 2011 | Ford Motor Company Newsroom"
(http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=33704). Media.ford.com. January 4, 2011. Retrieved
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70. ^ http://media.ford.com/images/10031/Dec11sales.pdf
71. ^ http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=37527
72. ^ http://media.ford.com/content/dam/fordmedia/North%20America/US/2014/01/december13sales.pdf
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ford_Explorer&oldid=626792593"
Categories: Ford vehicles All-wheel-drive vehicles Crossover sport utility vehicles
Mid-size sport utility vehicles Rear-wheel-drive vehicles Flexible-fuel vehicles 1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles 2010s automobiles Vehicles introduced in 1990
Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States
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