t / s

+2 V
2 V
0
28 Worksheet (A2)
1 An alternating voltage is given by the equation V = V
0
sin 2ft where V
0
= 5.0 V
and f = 10 Hz.
a al!ulate the "eriod o# the alternating voltage. $2%
b al!ulate the values o# t during the #irst !y!le o# the voltage &#ro' t = 0( #or whi!h
the value o# V is)
i 0 $1%
ii +V
0
$2%
iii V
0
$1%
iv +V
r's
$2%
2 *he gra"h shows how an alternating voltage V and an alternating !urrent I !hange with ti'e t.
a V and I are in "hase with ea!h other. +,"lain what is 'eant by in phase. $1%
b o"y the gra"h and add a wave#or' to show how the "ower dissi"ated varies with t. $-%
3 An ele!tri! drill is 'ar.ed 2-0 V r.'.s./ 010 2.
al!ulate)
a i the r.'.s. !urrent in the wire !onne!ting the drill to the 'ains $2%
ii the "ea. !urrent in the wire !onne!ting the drill to the 'ains $1%
iii the "ea. value o# the "otential di##eren!e a!ross the drill. $1%
b 3.et!h a gra"h o# the "ower drawn by the drill over one !y!le o# the !urrent.
4ar. on the gra"h the values o# "ea. "ower and average "ower. $-%
4 *he diagra' shows the variation o# voltage with ti'e a!ross a resistor.
a 3tate and e,"lain whether the !urrent in the
resistor is a.!. or d.!. $2%
b +,"lain why the "ower dissi"ated in the
resistor is the sa'e as the "ower "rodu!ed
by a steady voltage o# 2 V. $1%
c 5or the voltage variation shown/ state)
i the "ea. value $1%
ii the r.'.s. value. $1%
5 al!ulate the value o# the average "ower
dissi"ated in a resistor when the alternating su""ly
to the resistor has a "ea. !urrent o# 2.5A and a "ea. voltage o# 0.0 V. $2%
A3 and A 6evel 7hysi!s 8riginal 'aterial 9 a'bridge :niversity 7ress 2010 1
28 Worksheet (A2)
6 *he diagra' shows the tra!e obtained on the
s!reen o# an os!illos!o"e !onne!ted to a
signal generator. *he ti'e;base o# the
os!illos!o"e is set at 20 's "er division and
the <;gain at 1.5 V "er division.
a 5or the signal generator/ !al!ulate)
i the #requen!y $2%
ii the r.'.s. voltage. $2%
b *he equation o# the wave#or' !an be
written in the #or' V = V
0
sin &t(.
=eter'ine the values o# V
0
and . $2%
7 *he diagra' shows a ste";down
trans#or'er.
*he "ri'ary !oil has 1150 turns
and the se!ondary !oil has -0 turns.
*he ends o# the se!ondary !oil are
!onne!ted to a la'" labelled
>0.0 V/ 2? 2@. *he ends AB o# the
"ri'ary !oil are !onne!ted to an
alternating voltage su""ly. *he
"otential di##eren!e a!ross the la'"
is 0.0 V.
a al!ulate the !urrent in the la'". $2%
b al!ulate the in"ut voltage to the "ri'ary !oil. $2%
c al!ulate the !urrent in the "ri'ary !oil/ assu'ing the trans#or'er is 100A e##i!ient. $2%
d al!ulate the 'a,i'u' ".d. a!ross the la'" during one !y!le o# the a.!. $2%
e A student suggests that to avoid the "rodu!tion o# heat in the trans#or'er the wires
should be !oated in a 'aterial that is a "oor !ondu!tor o# heat. +,"lain why this is
not a sensible suggestion. $1%
8 An ele!tri!ian uses a trans#or'er to ste" the 2-0 V r.'.s. 'ains voltage down to 115 V r.'.s. *he
se!ondary !oil has 500 turns and is !onne!ted to a resistor o# 5000 .
a al!ulate the nu'ber o# turns on the "ri'ary !oil. $1%
b al!ulate the !urrent in the se!ondary !oil. $1%
c al!ulate the !urrent in the "ri'ary !oil. Assu'e that the trans#or'er is 100 A e##i!ient. $1%
d *he ele!tri!ian !onne!ts !ables to the se!ondary !oil that brea. down when the ".d.
between the wire and earth is larger than 1-0 V. +,"lain whether the !ables will brea.
down when the trans#or'er is swit!hed on. $2%
9 A !onsu'er re!eives 1000 2 o# "ower at 100 V r.'.s. through a 5.0 !able.
a al!ulate the rate o# heat "rodu!tion in the !able. $2%
b +,"lain why trans'itting the sa'e a'ount o# "ower at a higher voltage "rodu!es
less heat dissi"ation in the !able. $2%
*otal)
50
3!ore) A
A3 and A 6evel 7hysi!s 8riginal 'aterial 9 a'bridge :niversity 7ress 2010 2
1 division