HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTROL DESIGN OF

GENERATOR EMULATOR IN MULTI-CONVERTER SYSTEM

DOMAIN
Power System



OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project is to minimize the controller output impedance and eliminate
controller influence on the generator model, a single voltage loop with current differential
feedback.


INTRODUCTION
Transmission network emulator, also called Hardware Test-Bed (HTB), is
conceptualized to emulate the large scale power system by interconnected converters which
emulate power generators and loads. With modular and reconfigurable converters, the HTB can
have flexible network and perform various scenario emulations. The HTB will allow testing,
integration and demonstration of various key technologies on monitoring, control, actuation, and
visualization. With HTB, it is also convenient to test different system architectures, such as
HVDC vs. HVAC by reconfiguring the system structure. The impact of renewable energy
sources, responsive loads, and energy storage to the power grid


SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Matlab/Simulink


EXISTING SYSTEM
A traditional cascade controller with inner current control and outer voltage control brings
additional output impedance to the generator model, and causes voltage tracking error during
transients






PROPOSED SYSTEM
AIM:
The aim of this project is to minimize the controller output impedance and eliminate
controller influence on the generator model, a single voltage loop with current differential
feedback.


ABSTRACT:
This project presents to minimize the controller output impedance and eliminate
controller influence on the generator model, a single voltage loop with current differential
feedback is proposed in this paper. Combined with rescaled generator parameters, circulating
current elimination, and dead time compensation. This paper has investigated the methods to
emulate a synchronous generator in a converter consisted HTB system. A simple two axis model
is adopted to calculate the terminal voltage references for the converter, and a voltage controller
is then added to obtain zero state error. Based on the converter topology, a single voltage
controller with current differential feedback has been proposed to compensate the load
disturbance on the output voltage.


METHODOLOGY:
SPWM technique



APPLICATIONS:
Power system( substation, generating station and distribution station)

Industry applications



REFERENCES:


[1] J. Wang, L. Yang, Y. Ma, X. Shi, X. Zhang, L. Hang, and et al., Regenerative power
converters representation of grid control and actuation emulator, IEEE Energy Conversion
Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Sep. 2012, pp. 24602465.
[2] J. Driesen and K. Visscher, Virtual synchronous generators, Proc.IEEE Power Energy Soc.
Gen. Meeting, Jul. 2008, pp. 13.
[3] T. Vu Van, K. Visscher, J. Diaz, V. Karapanos, A. Woyte, and et al., Virtual synchronous
generators: An element of future grids, IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies
Conference Europe (ISGT Europe), Oct. 2010, pp. 17.




SINGLE-PHASE SINGLE-STAGE TRANSFORMER LESS
GRID-CONNECTED PV SYSTEM
DOMAIN

Power System

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project is improve the power quality and system efficiency, a double-
tuned Parallel resonant circuit is proposed to attenuate the second- and fourth- order harmonics at
the inverter dc side.

INTRODUCTION
In a single-stage grid-connected system, the PV system utilizes a single
conversion unit (dc/ac power inverter) to track the maximum power point (MPP) and interface
the PV system to the grid. In such a topology, PV maximum power is delivered into the grid with
high efficiency, small size, and low cost. However, to fulfill grid requirements, such a topology
requires either a step-up transformer, which reduces the system efficiency and increases cost, or
a PV array with a high dc voltage. High-voltage systems suffer from hotspots during partial
shadowing and increased leakage current between the panel and the system ground though
parasitic capacitances.

HARDWARE/SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Or cad / PS Pice
Matlab/simulink
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

PIC Controller




EXISTING SYSTEM

A two-stage grid-connected PV system utilizes two conversion stages: a dc/dc
converter for boosting and conditioning the PV output voltage and tracking the MPP, and a dc/ac
inverter for interfacing the PV system to the grid. In such a topology, a high-voltage PV array is
not essential, because of the dc voltage boosting stage. However, this two-stage technique suffers
from reduced efficiency, higher cost, and larger size. From the aforementioned drawbacks of
existing grid connected PV systems, it is apparent that the efficiency and footprint of the two-
stage grid-connected system are not attractive. Therefore, single-stage inverters have gained
attention, Especially in low voltage applications.

DISADVANTAGES
Insufficient renewable energy supply


PROPOSED SYSTEM
AIM:
The aim of this project is improve the power quality and system efficiency, a double-
tuned Parallel resonant circuit is proposed to attenuate the second- and fourth- order harmonics at
the inverter dc side.

ABSTRACT:
This project, a single-phase, single-stage voltage source inverter-based photovoltaic
system for grid connection is proposed. The system utilizes transformer-less single-stage
conversion for tracking the maximum power point and interfacing the photovoltaic array to the
grid. The maximum power point is maintained with a fuzzy logic controller. A proportional-
resonant controller is used to control the current injected into the grid. To improve the power
quality and system efficiency, a double-tuned parallel resonant circuit is proposed to attenuate
the second- and fourth- order harmonics at the inverter dc side.
The dc input current is continuous which is important for a PV application; system
reliability is increased by replacing the shunt input electrolytic capacitor with a series input
inductor; the VSI voltage bucking capability allows a low-voltage PV array to be grid interface




without the need of a transformer or an additional boost stage. Reduce the electrical stress on the
Power switches, and reduce the power losses due to a high switching frequency.

METHODOLOGY:






APPLICATIONS


Power system( substation, generating station and distribution station)



REFERENCES
[1] M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli, and E. R. Filho, Comprehensive approach to modeling and
simulation of photovoltaic arrays, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 11981208,
May 2009.
[2] K. Jong-Yul, J. Jin-Hong, K. Seul-Ki, C. Changhee, P. June Ho, K. Hak- Man, and N. Kee-
Young, Cooperative control strategy of energy storage system and microsources for stabilizing
the microgrid during islanded operation, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 25, no. 12, pp.
30373048, Dec. 2010.
[3] A. Mehrizi-Sani and R. Iravani, Potential-function based control of a microgrid in islanded
and grid-connected modes, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 18831891, Nov. 2010.




REALIZATION OF CASCADED H-BRIDGE 5-LEVEL
MULTILEVEL INVERTER AS DYNAMIC VOLTAGE
RESTORER

DOMAIN

Power systems



OBJECTIVE

The main object of this project is the electronic devices are very sensitive to disturbances
and become less tolerant to power quality problems such as voltage sags, swells and harmonics.
In this multi level inverter is used because to improve output voltage like Voltage Profile &
Reduce Total Harmonic Distortion compared to voltage source inverter.

INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, modern industrial devices are mostly based on electronic devices such as
programmable logic controllers and electronic drives. The electronic devices are very sensitive to
disturbances and become less tolerant to power quality problems such as voltage sags, swells and
harmonics. These concerns are reflected in the newer versions of power quality standards, such
as IEEE 1159-1995 and IEC61000-4-30.Due to the power quality issues like voltage sag, voltage
swell, unbalanced voltage, voltage flickering, Interruptions etc. load side voltage is not constant.

EXISTING SYSTEM

The existing system uses the normal inverter that is VSI (but without the multilevel part)
so the power injection is done but the harmonics remain the same,

DISADVANTAGES


Due to the formation of harmonics the regulation of the system is low,
The overall efficiency of the circuit is less compared to the proposed system.




PROPOSED SYSTEM


AIM:


The main aim of this project is this project presents modern industrial devices are mostly
Based on electronic devices such as programmable logic controllers and electronic drives

ABSTRACT

This project presents a modern industrial devices are mostly based on electronic devices such as
programmable logic controllers and electronic drives. The electronic devices are very sensitive to
disturbances and become less tolerant to power quality problems such as voltage sags, swells and
harmonics. In this multi level inverter is used because to improve output voltage like Voltage Profile &
Reduce Total Harmonic Distortion compared to voltage source inverter








HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM:




For high power applications.
Industry and Traction.
Grid systems.
Wind power generation station.




HARDWARE/SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:


MATLAB SIMULINK

Or cad / PS Pice


HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

PIC Controller



REFERENCES:


[1] "IEEE recommended practice for monitoring electric power quality," in IEEE Std 1159-
1995, 1995.
[2] "Testing and Measurement Techniques-Power Quality Measurement Methods," in IEC
61000-4-30, 2003.
[3] A. Goss and G. Aldrich , Power quality Enhancement using custom power devices Lower
Academic publishers,2002 .
[4] Z.Changjiang, A.Arulampalam, and N. Jenkins, "Four-wire dynamic voltage restorer based
on a three-dimensional voltage space vector PWM algorithm," IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1093, 2003.
[5] W. E. Brumsickle, R. S. Schneider, G. A. Luck jiff, D. M. Divan, and M. F. McGranaghan,
"Dynamic sag correctors: cost-effective industrial power line conditioning," IEEE Transactions
on Industry Applications, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 212, 2001