m m :

Di l i man Learni ng Resource Cent(

Chemi st r y 16 Compr ehensi ve Sa m p l e x for L o n g E x a m 2
Sept ember 7, 2012
Instructions: Answer as many items as you can. Read each question carefully and answer honestly. All
information you need is in this paper. Good luck!
Peri odi c Tabl e of the El ements
1
H
He
i ooe 404
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
L i Be
B c N O F No
6.94 9 01 10 s*l 12CI 14.C1 16.00 19.00 20 :?
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
I S
Na
Mb
Al Si P S CI Al
22.99 24.31 26 93 2809 3097 32 0? 35 45 39 95
19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Ki
tSM
40.08 44.95 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72 61 74.92 73 96 79 90 83 80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 4S 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rli Pel Ag
Cd 111 Six Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.0 1029 106.4 107.8 112.4 114.8 118.7 1217 127.6 126.9
131 1
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 :?6
Cs Ba L a H f T w Re Os It Pt Au Hg
2005
Tl Pb Bi Po At R J I
132 9 137.3 138.9 inj
180.1 1339 186.2 190.2 192.2 195 1 197.0
Hg
2005
204.4 2072 2090 (209) (.210)
( 332)
Sf So 89 104 !05 106 \(P 10S 109 no 111 112 113 114 115 116
Fr Ra At Rf Db
H
Bh Hs Mr. Ds Rs
Uub Uut
Vutf
Uup Uuh
226.0 227.0 (261) P)
(263) 1.262) (265) (266) (281)
any
(285., (284)
(24K-J (2*8) (jj
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pin Sm Eu Gd Tb
Dy
Ho El Tm \ L u
1401 141.0 144.2 (145) 150.4 153.0 157.3 158.9 162 5 164.9 1673 1689 173 0 175 0
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Tli Pa U Np Ptl Am Cm Bk Cf Es F m Md No L r
232.4 231.4 238.0 (237) (240) (243) C247) (248) 0251) (252) (257) (257) (259) (26i j
I. MUL T I PL E C H OI C E . Choose the letter corresponding to the best answer.
D. Same subsheli and orbitals but different
shells
For systems with positive changes in
enthalpy and entropy, processes become
spontaneous at
A. All temperatures
B. Low
C. High
D. Absolute zero
Which of the following is a polar molecule?
A. RbCI
B. BF3
C. CCI4
D. PCI 3
1 I D L R C C h e m 16 L E 2 S a m p l e x
1. Which of the following set of quantum
numbers is possible?
A. n=l l=0, m,=1, ms =l/2
B. n=5, l=3, m,=-2, m,~1/2
C. n=2.1=1, mpO, ms =0
D. None of these
2. Two electrons in the same atom which have
identical values of quantum numbers I and
nil are said to be in
A. The same shell and subsheli but in
different orbitals
B. Same shell but different subshells and
orbitals
C. Same shell, subshall and orbitals
s t r uc t ur e i I Hum \n ffi | | .| | | I
A . T h e C - N b o n d i s a d o u b l e b o n d .
B. T h e r e ar e no l one pai r s o n C .
C. There is a lone pair of electrons on N.
D. The C-H bond is a single bond.
6. Of the following, which is a state function?
A. AH
B. q
C. w
D. All of the above
7. The shorter the internuclear distance
between two bonded atoms, the
A. Less energy needed to break the bond
B. Less multiple bonding character there is
C. More resonance
D. More energy needed to break the bond
8. Which of the following is an unstable species
and is bound not to exist?
A. H2
B. He2+
C. Be2+
D. Be2
9. Which of the following pairs have similar
molecular geometry?
A. CH3 +, CH3-
B. PF5, CIF5
C. H2 0, NH2"
D. None cf these
10. Which of the following ions has the largest
atomic radius?
A. Na+
B. Mg+
0 o2 -
D. F
1 i. Which of the following atoms has the largest
first ionization energy?
A. Rb
B. Sr
C. Al
D. All have same magnitude of energy.
12. What is the correct electronic configuration
for a nickel attorn?
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 4s2 3d2 3d2 3d2 3d1 3d1
B. 1 s22s22p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p6 3d1 3d1
C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 0
D. none of these
2 | D L R C C h e m 16 L E 2 S a mp l e x
B l H : ] ( C a r 1 1 ' 1 WJJJ U A 1 *
C . H - C a - H ' ' X&Bk
D. C a - H
14. Which of the following is best r e p r e s e n t e d b y
a set of resonance structures?
A. Ammonium
B. Methane
C. Oxygen difluoride
D. Sulfur dioxide
15. What is the formal charge on N in nitrate
ion?
A. 2
B. 2-
C. 1
D. 1-
16. If there is a negative change in the Gibb's
energy, then the reaction is said to be .
A. Reversible
B. Spontaneous
C. Exothermic
D. Endothermic
17. In the experiment on Corrosion, the portion
of the nail that was oxidized was in color
and acted as the .
A. White, anode
B. Pink, anode
C. Blue green, cathode
D. Blue green, anode
18. In the experiment on Corrosion, zinc acted
as the while the nail is the
A. Protected Anode; Sacrificial Cathode
B. Protected Cathode; Sacrificial Anode
C. Sacrificial Cathode; Protected Anode
D. Sacrificial Anode; Protected Cathode
19 Which of the following reactions is non-
spontaneous?
A. Neutralization of NaOH and HCI
B. Freezing water in room temperature
C. Combustion of octane fuel
D. None of the above
20. Which of the following statements is false?
A. Ferrous hydroxide is formed by adding
soluble Fe3 + sample to NaOH or NH3 .
B. Calcium will not precipitate to limiting 1
excess ammonia.
f e r r i c y a n i d e .
D. The formula of the b r o w n r i n g i n the
nitrate test i s [Fe(NO)]2+.
21 . Which of the following ionic compounds has
the highest entropy?
A. Calcium chloride
B. Magnesium arsenate
C. Sodium oxalate
D. Tin(IV) oxide
For numbers 22- 26, refer to the structure of
capsaicin below:
II 1
H3C0.
H O'
22.
>3.
24.
25.
26.
27.
H 2
c
C
H ,
H 2 H 2
H 2
H
s-C.
^CH
H
S
CH '
I
CH 3
CH ,
The EGG, MGG, and hybridization of 0: is:
A. Tetrahedral; angular; sp2
B. Trigonal planar; trigonal pyramidal; sp3
C. Tetrahedral; angular; sp3
D. Trigonal planar; angular; sp2
The difference/s between C2 and C5 is:
A. Their EGG and hybridization
B. Their MGG and hybridization
C. Their EGG and MGG
D. Their EGG, MGG, and hybridization
How many o and ttbonds are in capsaicin?
A. 43 ; 5
B. 42 ; 4
C. 42 ; 5
D. 43 ; 4
What is the hybridization overlap in 04 ?
A. sp2- sp3
B. sp3 - sp2
C. sp2- sp2
D. sp3 - sp3
The formal charge of N3 is and the
hybridization overlap in C - N3 - C is .
A. 0; sp2-sp3-sp2
B. 0; sp3-sp3-sp2
C. +1 ; sp3-sp3'-sp2
D. +1 ; sp2-sp3-sp2
Which of the following is true?
A. Manganese(ll) cations are dominant in
basic medium.
28 .
29 .
30.
31 .
32.
C . A more aci di c medi um promotes
corrosion of metals.
D. Zinc, Nickel, and Cobalt can act as
sacrificial anodes for Iron.
What is the net heat change if 25 . 0 ml_ of
3 . 7 8 M sulfuric acid is neutralized by 5 0 0
ml_ of 1 . 90 M potassium hydroxide?
A. - 5 . 27 kJ
B. 5. 27 kJ
C. 5 . 3 0 kJ
D. - 5 . 3 0 kJ
What is the De Broglie wavelength and
frequency of a photon with mass 1 . 08 * 1 02 4
nanograms?
A. 2. 05 * 1 0"7 m; 1 . 4 7 x1 01 4 s 1
B. 2. 05 * 1 0"6 m; 1 . 4 7 * 1 01 5 s 1
C. 2. 05 x1 0"6 m; 1 . 4 7 x1 01 4 s"1
D. 2. 05 X 1 0"7 m; 1 . 4 7 x1 01 5 s "1
If the uncertainty for a velocity of a photon is
3 . 1 4 x1 0"1 5 m/s, given that the mass of the
photon is 7 09 x1 0"9 kg, what is the
uncertainty of the position of the photon0
A. 2. 3 7 * 1 0- 1 2 m
B. 2. 63 x1 0"1 2
m
2. 86xi 0"1 2 m
2.45x1 0"1 2 m
C
D.
Nitrogen gas and Hydrogen gas react to
form ammonia gas. Given that AHf of
ammonia is -46.3 kJ , how many grams of
ammonia are produced if 1 76.7 kJ of heat is
released?
A. 65.0 g
B. 1 30.0 g
C. 7.53 g
D. 3.81 g
Which ion/s can give an interfering false ring
for nitrate test?
A. Thiocyanate only
B. Ammonium and thiocyanate
C. Thiocyanate, Bromide, Iodide
D. Sulfate, Bromide, Thiocyanate
3 | D L R C C. h e m 1 6 L E 2 S a m p l e x
1. In the ozone l ayer, O3 < 0 ) absorbs harmful UV radiation and forms oxygen gasSff,,^
atom. The entropy change for this process is equal to zero.
2. The 4f orbitals can accommodate a maximum of 10 e-.
3. Hess's Law is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics.
4. On a humid day, we can observe water vapor to condense along the outer wall of cold drink bottles
The formation of the vapor is an endothermic process.
5 . The form of carbon with a AH0 formation value of zero is diamond.
6. The azimuthal quantum number tells us hew far from the nucleus an electron is.
7. The oxidation state assigned to P in the phosphate ion is +5.
8. In the aluminum atom, the outermost electron has the quantum numbers n=3, 1=1, m,=1, and ms =+1/2.
9. qS0!n is still part of qc a i even if the volumes of the solution used for calibration and calculation are not
constant.
10. Xe02 F 2 has a trigonal bipyramidal electron group geometry, and a square pyramidal moleculat group
geometry.
11. Naphthalene, C1 0 H8 , is made up of two benzene rings "stacked" or "glued" together. The number of
dominant resonance structures of naphthalene is two.
12. The order of hydrohalidic acids'ionic character in increasing order is: ! <Br <CI <F.
13. Prussian blue precipitate from potassium ferricyanide indicates the presence of Fe3 + ions, while from
potassium ferrccyanide indicates the presence of Fe2 + ions.
14. The net dipole moment of water explains sodium chloride's miscibility in it.
15. In excess ammonia, Zn2 + will form a colorless complex [Zn(NH3)2 ]2 +, while in excess NaOH, Zn2 + will
form a colorless complex [Zn(OH)4]2".
13. Nitrate ion does not exhibit pi bond derealization.
17. Adding potassium ferricyanide to Zn2 + will form yellow precipitate KZn[Fe(CN)3], while adding
potassium ferrocyanide will form white precipitate KZn3[Fe(CN)6].
18. There will be an exothermic change in heat if the system gives off heat to the surroundings, and the
surroundings does work to the system.
19. An exothermic reaction from lew entropy to high entropy will only proceed at high temperatures.
20. If a reaction is endothermic from high entropy to low entropy, the reverse reaction is non-spontaneous.
III. C A USE AND E F F E C T. Determine the effect of the cause stated in the first column on the parameter in
the second assuming all other variables are held constant.
Ef f ect s : Increase, Decrease, No Effect
Cause Parameter Effect
1. Actual molarity of the acid is greater than the
recorded value.
Magnitude of
calculated AH
2. The cylinder used for measuring the base
solution was wet.
Magnitude of
calculated AH
3. The student pulled the thermometer out of the
set-up to take temperature readings.
Magnitude of
calculated AH
4. There is a tiny hole in the Cork, exposing the
inside of the calorimeter."* - Magnitude of
calculated Cc a i 5. Actual molarity of the base is greater than the
recorded value.
- Magnitude of
calculated Cc a i
4 | D L R C C h e m 16 L E 2 S a m p l e x
PS: Thermochemistry
1. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of gaseous diborane, B2H6
using the following thermochemical equations,
4B( S ) + 302 ( g ) ^ 2B2 03 ( S ) AH =-2509.1kJ
2H2 ( g ) +02 ( g ) - 2H20( l ) AH0 =-571.7kJ
B2H6( S ) +302 ( g ) - B203(s) +3H20(i) AH0 =-2147kJ
2. A 0.500 g sample of solid NH4N03 was completely dissolved in water
inside a coffee cup calorimeter with an initial temperature of 24.5C.
The molar mass of NH4N03 is 80.06 g/mol.
a. If the final temperature was 22.8C, what is the heat capacity of the
calorimeter? The heat of dissolution of NH4N03 ( s ) in water is 28.1
kJ /mol.
b. What would be the expected temperature range in the same
calorimeter if 1.80 g of NH4N03( s ) was completely dissolved in
water?
3. Determine the amount of heat (in kJ ) given off when 1.26 x 104 g of
ammonia are produced according to the equation
N2 ( g ) +3H2( g) - 2NH3 ( g) AH0 =-92.6 kJ /mol
Assume that the reaction takes place under standard state
conditions at 25 C. ^
4. The alcohol in most liquor is ethanol, C2H5OH. It is produced by the
fermentation of the glucose in fruits and grains.
C6H1 206(aq) - 2C2H5OH(i) + 2C02( g)
AH =-82.4kJ , AG =-219.8kJ
Calculate AS0. Is the sign reasonable?
5. Predict the sign of AS for the following:
a. weeding of the garden
b. dissolving instant coffee in hot water
c. addition of Zn dust to aqueous hydrochloric acid
d. CCI4( I ) +502 ( g ) - C02 ( g ) +4CI02 ( g )
c. Precipitating copper(ll) hydroxide
6. Discuss the effect of temperature change on the spontaneity of the
following reactions at 1.0 atm.
a. 2PbO;s) +2S02 ( g ) - 2 PbS(s) +302 ( g ) AH0 =+830.8 kJ /mol
b. 2As(s) +3F2 ( g ) - 2AsF3(i) AH0 =-1643 kJ /mol
c. S02( g) +CO( g) +H2 ( g ) - COS(g) +2H20(i) endothermic
7. A 1.397-gram sample of thymol, C1 0 H1 4 O( s ) (a preservative and a mold
and mildew preventive), is burned in a bomb calorimeter assembly.
a. Show the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of thymol.
b. The temperature increase is 11.23 C and the heat capacity of the
bomb calorimeter is 4.68 kJ /C. What is the heat of combustion of
thymol, expressed in kilojoules per mole?
8. "Kalburo" or calcium carbide (CaC2), is used to hasten the ripening of
fruits. It is prepared by reacting calcium oxide with graphite, producing
carbon monoxide as by-product. When one mole of calcium carbide is
formed, 468.4 kJ is absorbed.
a. Write the thermochemical equation for this reaction.
b. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?
c. What is the heat of reaction when 1.20 kg of CaC2 is produced?
d. How many grams of graphite are used up when 40.00 kJ of heat is
absorbed?
9. Isooctane is a primary component of gasoline and gives gasoline its
octane rating. Burning 1.00 mL of isooctane (density =0.688g/mL)
releases 33.0 kJ of heat. When 10.0 mL of isooctane is burned in a
bomb calorimeter, the temperature in the bomb rises from 23.2C to
66.5C.What is the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter?
10. Use bond energies to estimate the enthalpy of reaction for each of the
following gas phase reaction: CH4 +Cl2 -*CH3CI +HCI
Bond energies (kJ /mol of bond): C-H (413), C-CI (339), CI-CI (242),
H-CI (432)
11. Which substance has a AHf=0?
a - 03(g) b. C(cj,a n l 0 n c j) C. Pt(S) d. Cl(g)
12. Substitute natural gas (SNG) is a gaseous mixture containing CH4 ( g j
that can be used as fuel. One reaction for SNG is
4 CO,,, - 8 H2lif; 3 CH,,,,. * C02 ,9 . 2 H2 0,/,
Use the appropriate data from the following list to determine AH for this
SNG reaction.
13. Compute AH, AS0 and AG0 for each of the following reactions. State
whether they are spontaneous or not.
a) 4 NH3(g) +7 02 ( q i - 4 N O ^ + 6 H2Olg}
b) 2H2 02 f f l + N 2 H 4 ^- N2^; +4 H 2 Ow
species S (J .mol K) AH(kJ mol)
NH:,,y , 192 3 4 6.1
205 0
NO,,., 240.0 - 33.2
H2 O, 0 , 188.7 241 .8
H O . . 69.9 285.8
H2O2,,,-, 109 6 187 8
N2 H4 , a , 121.2 r50.6
N2,; 191.5
C H, , . , , 186 2 74.8
CI :-,7. 223 0
201 7 134.5
HC I ( . ; 186 8 92 3
56 5 . 167 2
116 1
223 0
I" , M 1 1 1.3 -55 2
14. Write a balanced equation for the formation of 1 mole of CH3OH(l ) from
its elements in their standard states and include AHf. AHfCH30H(i) (-
238.6kJ /mol)
15. Liquid hydrogen peroxide decomposes to liquid water and oxygen gas
at constant pressure.
a. Write a thermochemical equation for the reaction.
b. If 7.5 grams of H2 02 was initially present, find the value of q
accompanying its decomposition.
16. For the reaction
2 CO(g) +2 H2(g) - C02(g) +CH4(g)
a. Determine the AG for the reaction at 25C. Given AH' = -247.3
kJ /mol and AS' =-256.5 kJ /mol-K.
b. Is the reaction spontaneous at 15C?
17.50.0 mL 1.00 M HCI03 and 100.0 mL of 0.50 M NaOH aqueous
. solutions are placed in a calorimeter. Initially, the solutions are at
23.5'C. After the reaction, the temperature reading was 25.8'C. The
calorimeter has a heat capacity of 1.45 kJ /'C and the resulting mixture
is assumed to have the same specific heat capacity as that of water
(4.184 J /gC). If the solution has a density of 1.18 g/mL, calculate the
heat of the system. (Hint: The heat of the system is the sum of the heat
absorbed by the calorimeter and the heat absorbed by the solution)
18. The combustion of hydrogen chloride vapor produces chlorine gas and
water and releases 101.2 kJ of heat per mole of oxygen used in the
reaction.
a. Provide balanced thermochemical equation.
b. How much heat was involved in combusting 50.0 grams of
hydrogen chloride?
19. Calculate the enthalpy (in kJ ) of the reaction:
H2(g) +Cl2(g) - HCI (g)
given the following reactions:
NH3(g) +HCI(g) NH4CI(s) +176.0 kJ
N2(g) +3H2(g) - 2NH3(g) +92.22 kJ
N2(g) +4H2(g) +Cl2(g) ^ 2NH4CI(s) +628.86 kJ
(Hint: Balance the equation first.)
Chem 16 DG August 29, 2013
1. ) For each of the molecule below, give the following:
S Correct Lewis structure
S Electron group geometry
S Molecular group geometry
S Bond Polarity
S Molecular Polarity
S Expected bond angles
S Designated bond types (specify the bond found in between atoms)
a. ) XeF4
b. ) CO32 " anion
2. ) Draw the proper Lewis structure of the following salts. Indicate the formal charge for each
3-
a. )Na3 B03 s^Y t#V i 8=o*c; d - i k n
atom appearing in your structure
a. ) Na3 B03
b. ) lithium triodide (Lil3 ) r_L; 3 +rv "i -z-1'. J "
3.) Given the molecular structure of retinol, or Vitamin A, below:
<f if
H3 C X / C H 3 j _|
s p CH3
i f
f CH3
I
H2C ^ C ? X C . OH
I || H *H crH H H
*
f H2 *P
ID a.) How many carbons are sp2 hybridized?
s , ID b.) How many n bonds are there? How many n electrons are there?
o c.) How many central carbons have bond angles at 120 measure?
lt> d.) How many carbons are sp3 hybridized?
e. ) How many central carbons have bond angles at ~109.5 measure?
f. ) What is the hybridization of the single Oatom?
(fill's SWwt
13^
. rr X e O d V\ c d r a l S quare, pl "4* pc\c, r ni?npW qo" X e ~F- C"sp? ol
0 - C- 0
n
: 0
%orrmm& [Aug 15, xii) e<0 _ ^ . u>
GO. S'
J I - ,
I : ;c\ ;cv,
5 h
V>) CMCA3 ;: V cl \. 4 U
: * r - t V \ o c - Nl' I - r (
\
V \ ^0=- jj"
\\^Wfl L^i c(7Yv oil
1^
1^ ^ , . - .
3u
C^xtlAjrr^WvJJ.)