Notes

N1 B3 Unitat 1
Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



Index


Presentation 1

Making suggestions 2

Expressing a general opinion 3

Speculating about likely events 4

Indicating obligation 5

Giving advice 7

Making comparisons 9

Phonetic and orthographic content 12




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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Presentation

Objectives Next you will find the notes for all topics learnt in this unit. Once learnt, you will be able
to reach the following goals:

Making suggestions.
Expressing a general opinion.
Speculating about likely events.
Indicating obligation.
Giving advice.
Making comparisons.





N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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1. Making suggestions

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

the structures to make suggestions.




Structures to make
suggestions









Per qu no anem a Valldemossa?
Podrem llogar un cotxe.
verb poder in conditional + verb in infinitive
per qu + no + verb in present indicative?




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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2. Expressing a general opinion

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

the structure to express a general opinion.



Structure to express
a general opinion


Diuen que Siclia s carssima.
diuen + que + sentence




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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3. Speculating about likely events

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

the structures to speculate about likely events.


Structures to
speculate about
likely events






Deu ser car, aquest hotel.
En aquest alberg, deuen tenir habitacions lliures.
deu
deuen
+ verb in infinitive




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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4. Indicating obligation

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

the periphrasis haver de + infinitive,
the periphrasis caldre + infinitive,
vocabulary.




Periphrasis haver de +
infinitive




This periphrasis has a personal form, with the verb conjugated in all the persons, and an
impersonal form.

To make the personal form, we need to know the present of the verb haver:

jo
tu
ell / ella / vost
nosaltres
vosaltres
ells / elles / vosts
he
has
ha
hem
heu
han

Hem dagafar les ulleres de sol.
Si vas a lAlguer no has de portar moneda estrangera.

The impersonal form does not specify who is responsible for the action. In these cases,
the verb is always expressed in the 3rd person (singular or plural, depending on the noun it
refers to), and it is preceded by the pronoun s (contracted form of the es).

s + ha / han + de + infinitive

On sha de demanar informaci sobre els horaris dels museus?
Per visitar lesglsia de Sant Mart, shan de demanar les claus.
verb haver + de + infinitive






N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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4. Indicar obligacions

Periphrasis caldre +
infinitive





Cal posar-se crema protectora solar.
Per viatjar a lAlguer no cal agafar el passaport.

In contrast to the periphrasis haver de + infinitive, the periphrasis caldre + infinitive can
only take an impersonal form:

cal + infinitive

Cal dur roba dabric.
Cal portar molts diners.
verb caldre + infinitive


Vocabulary Luggage:

el banyador, la cmera, la crema solar, la maleta, el paraigua, el passaport, la roba
dabric, la tenda de campanya, la tovallola de platja, les ulleres de sol.




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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5. Giving advice

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

the conditional form of the periphrases haver de + infinitive and caldre + infinitve,
vocabulary.


Conditional form of
the periphrases haver
de + infinitive and
caldre + infinitve

We can give orders with the conditional form of the periphrases haver de + infinitive and
caldre + infinitive.

Haurem de deixar els objectes de valor a la caixa de seguretat de lhotel.
Per conixer b la ciutat, shauria de visitar caminant.
Caldria trucar a lhotel i preguntar si hi ha habitacions lliures.

In these cases, the intention of the instructions, rather than obliging, is that of giving
advice or suggesting.

Sometimes, we also resort to the conditional form of these periphrases in order to
mitigate the feeling of imposition or command conveyed by the instructions.

Perdonin, haurien domplir la fitxa.
Durant la nit, shauria de fer silenci.
Caldria deixar lhabitaci abans de les 12 del migdia.






N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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5. Giving advice

Conditional form of the
periphrases haver de +
infinitive and caldre +
infinitve





The conditional form of the verb haver is the following:

jo
tu
ell / ella / vost
nosaltres
vosaltres
ells / elles / vosts
hauria
hauries
hauria
haurem
haureu
haurien

The conditional form of the verb caldre followed by an infinitive is caldria.

Caldria dur roba dabric.


Vocabulary Tourist accommodation:

lalberg (m.); el bar; el cmping; la casa rural; la fonda; lhotel (m.).

Places of tourist interest:

la catedral; el castell; el centre; el jard; el museu; el palau; el passeig; la platja; el port; la
rambla; les vistes.




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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6. Making comparisons

Contents In order to achieve this objective you need to know:

comparative structures expressing sameness,
comparative structures expressing difference,
the expression en canvi,
the use of ser + semblant and assemblar-se,
vocabulary.




Comparative
structures to
express sameness

In order to express sameness, we say:

X + verb ser + tan + adjective + com + Y

X + verb ser + igual + que + Y

Palma s tan maca com Barcelona.
Pel que fa al turisme, Palma s igual que Barcelona.




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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6. Making comparisons

Comparative
structures to
express difference
Remember that we express superiority with the ms and millor, and inferiority, with the
forms menys and pitjor:

X + verb ser + ms / menys + adjective + que + Y

X + verb ser + millor / pitjor + que + Y

X + no + verb ser + tan + adjective + com + Y

Barcelona s ms gran que Palma.
Siclia s menys turstica que Barcelona.
En alguns aspectes, Palma s millor que Barcelona.
El trnsit de Barcelona s pitjor que el de Palma.
Palma no s tan sorollosa com Barcelona.


Phrase en canvi We use en canvi to introduce two different pieces of information, contrasting them.

A Palma, la gent no t pressa, no crida. En canvi, a Barcelona, hi ha ms estrs.

En canvi always goes after a stop (.) or semicolon (;) and before a comma (,).




N1-B3-Unitat 1 Hi ha alguna habitaci lliure?



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6. Making comparisons

Use of ser + semblant
and assemblar-se


In order to compare two elements with common characteristics we can use the verb
assemblar-se and the structure ser semblant:

verb assemblar-se
X i Y +
verb ser + semblant

verb assemblar-se
X +
verb ser + semblant
+ a + Y

Barcelona i Palma sassemblen.
La cuina mallorquina i la catalana sn semblants.
La rambla de les Flors sassembla a la rambla des Born.
La catedral de Palma s semblant a Santa Maria del Mar de Barcelona.




Vocabulary Weather:

la boira; el bon temps; la calor; el fred; el mal temps; la neu; la pluja; el sol; la
temperatura; la tempesta; el vent.

Climate:

Adjectives:
agradable; clid, clida; dur, dura; humit, humida; sec, seca; suau.

Nouns:
el clima mediterrani; el clima continental.




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7. Phonetic and orthographic content

Occlusive sounds


We say that a sound is oclusiu when an obstruction takes place as the air is released
from the mouth:

bstia, dinar, guerra
petit, teatre, casa

These six sounds can be classified into two big groups, according to their sonority: three
of them are voiced ([b], [d], [g]) and the other three are unvoiced: ([p], [t], [k]).

sonor sord
[b]
bar
[p]
parada
[d]
dormir
[t]
tancar
[g]
grcies
[k]
cantar

However, when these sounds appear at the end of a syllable, they become unvoiced:

verb, sap
tard, petit
llarg, parc