FMX2

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Contents
1 FMX2R3 interfaces 7
1.1 External interfaces 8
1.2 Internal interfaces 12
2 FMXII SISA Structure 13
3 FMXII Functional View 15
4 FMXII network structures 19
5 FMXII operating modes 25
5.1 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30 26
5.2 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30 28
5.3 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1) 30
5.4 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX 32
6 Channel conferencing modes of the CUD in DIMX-mode 35
7 FMX2R3 additional features 41
7.1 End to end nx64kbps channel protection 42
7.2 ADPCM in FMXIIR3 44
8 Exercise 47
9 Solution 49


FMX2
FMX2


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FMX2


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MX2R3 structure and components
The system module FMX is responsible for the following tasks :
Multiplex functionality
Provision of analog to digital subscriber interfaces
Control and signaling for the subscriber interfaces

The control and signaling of these interfaces is done by means of the CAS signaling.

Depending on the configuration, the FMX can be configured as terminal multiplexer
or drop insert multiplexer. On the network side system module FMX is equipped with
two 2-Mbit/s interfaces in accordance with ITU-T G.703.

The central functions in the FMX are handled by a central unit drop insert CUD. Up to
six line cards can be equipped to provide various range of subscriber interfaces.
Additionally, SUE card provides supervision and management of the system.
CUD
LC#6
.
.
.
LC#1
2 Mbps
CAS
Sub
SUE
2 Mbps
CAS

Fig. 1 FMX Functional Overview

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The following line cards are available in the FMX2R3 family:
A central unit drop/insert CUD
Up to 6 line cards LC, of the following types:

Analog
SUB102C subscriber converter, a/b wire, subscriber
side
10 ports per card
SLX102C subscriber converter, a/b wire, switching
side
10 ports per card
SLB62 subscriber converter for local battery, a/b
wire
6 ports per card
UAC68 universal analog line card, 2/4-wire
leased lines or with E&M
6 ports per card
SEM106 2-wire E&M converter)
1)
10 ports per card
SEM108H 4-wire E&M converter
1)

LLA102/104C Line card for analog 2-wire/4-wire leased
lines
1)

10 ports per card
ISDN
I8S0P ISDN line card, S0 interface 8 ports per card
IUL82(C) ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 2B1Q 8 ports per card
I4UK2NTP ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 2B1Q,
switching side
4 ports per card
IUL84 ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 4B3T 8 ports per card
I4UK4NTP ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 4B3T,
switching side
4 ports per card
Digital
Services

DSC104CO digital signal channel, 64 kbit/s,
codirectional, G.703 interfaces
10 ports per card
DSC6-n64G digital signal channel, n 64 kbit/s,
G.703 interfaces
6 ports per card
CPF2 digital signal channel with maximum of 4
interface modules for various interfaces
4 submodules per card

CIM
Customer
Interface
modules
subrates up to 31 64 kbit/s,
V.24/V35/V36/RS530 or X.21,Ethernet
- protocol conversion X.50/X.51 to
X.30/V.110/I.460
1 port per module


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CM64/2 digital signal card, 2 Mbit/s channel
multiplexer, G.703
1 port per card
DSC8V24 (digital signal channel, n 19.2 kbit/s,
V.24 interfaces)
1)

8 port per card
DSC8X21 (digital signal channel, n 64 kbit/s, X.21
interfaces)
1)

8 port per card
BEC Optionally, a bus extension card BEC
can be used instead of a line card, if up
to 12 line cards are connected to the
CUD
2)
.

1) only in MXS19 shelf
2) only possible in the shelves FMX2S and MXS19




Fig. 2 FMX2R3 Overview
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1 FMX2R3 interfaces
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1.1 External interfaces
F1 Interfaces
The F1 interfaces are on the CUD central unit drop/insert and conform to ITU-T
Recommendation G.703. Each F1 interface has a transmission rate of 2 Mbit/s. By
setting a switch, the interface can be terminated as desired with 120 or 75 .

F2/D2 Subscriber Interfaces
The F2/D2 subscriber interfaces are provided by the line cards. They are used to
connect analog, digital and ISDN subscribers. The number of subscriber interfaces
for each LC card type is different.

T3 Interface
The T3 interface is implemented by the central unit and conforms to ITU-T G.703/10.
An external 2048-kHz clock is fed in via the T3in interface. The interface can be set
to high or low resistance by a switch. The 2048-kHz clock, which is derived from the
appropriate clock source, is output at the T3out interface.

QD2 Interface
The QD2 interface of the multiplexer is on the central unit and conforms to EIA
RS485. It is in the form of a slave interface (QD2-S), and implements access to the
FMX2R3 network element and to remote network termination units.

ZA(A) and ZA(B) Interface
The interface signals an alarm in the direction of the central service observation
equipment. The ZA(A) interface is in the form of a normally closed contact. At the
normally closed contact ZA(A), either A alarm (urgent) or S alarm (service) is output,
and for both cases failure of the operating voltage. The ZA(B) interface is in the form
of a normally open contact. It is used to signal B alarm (non-urgent).

Interface of ECC
Via the ECC interface of the CUD, a control signal can be derived from any timeslot
of one of the F1 ports and inserted in the opposite direction. This timeslot can then no
longer be used for information transmission. The ECC interface conforms to ITU-T
Recommendation V.11.

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FMX2


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Sa Bit Interfaces
The Sa bit interfaces are designed according to the interface conditions of EIA
RS485. Four Sa bit interfaces, Sa5 to Sa8, are available on the CUD.
One symmetrical signal line for the sending direction and one for the receiving
direction can be connected for each Sa bit. The transmission speed is 0.6 kbit/s
(signal distortion about 15 %) to 1.2 kbit/s (signal distortion about 30 %).

The following options for the data paths are available for all Sa bits on the CUD unit:
Source for F1Aout: low-level / high-level / Sa*in / F1Bin / Sa*in ANDed with F1Bin,
Source for F1Bout: low-level / high-level / Sa*in / F1Ain / Sa*in ANDed with F1Ain,
Source for Sa*out: low-level / high-level / high-resistance / F1Ain / F1Bin / F1Ain
ANDed with F1Bin.

At the 64 kbit/s bit rate, no transparent data transmission is possible. The data signal
must be transmitted using HDLC frames.

If the option of frame synchronization of the CUD is used, the Sa bits are not
available as a transmission channel. They are permanently set to 1 in the sent
signal. The Sa bit interfaces are switched to high-resistance.


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Fig. 3


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1.2 Internal interfaces
System Bus
The system bus is subdivided into the PCM highway and the LC bus. The line cards
also receive their power supply via the system bus.

PCM Highway
The PCM highway forms the interface between the central unit and the various line
cards for serial transmission of data channels and PCM-coded speech signals.
The sending and receiving signals of the PCM interface are synchronized by the
same clock, but can be in any phase position in relation to each other as far as the
frame clock is concerned. Both signal flow directions keep their own frame
synchronization pulse.

LC bus
The LC bus is an 8-bit computer bus for transmission of control and signaling data
between the central unit and the LCs.
The interface works on the master-slave principle, i.e. the central unit is the master
and the LCs are the slaves. Irrespective of the division in the subrack, up to 12 line
cards can be operated every 4 ms with one CUD central unit drop/insert.

Test and Measurement bus
Via the test and measurement bus, measurements on the subscriber lines and/or
ports of selected line cards within an SNU can be carried out. The measurements are
done in the system module COMPS2.
Connecting the line cards to the test and measurement bus is controlled exclusively
via the supervision unit OSU of COMPS2. Multiplexers which are controlled via an
additional supervision unit cannot be measured.


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2 FMXII SISA Structure

In the FMX2S_shelf there are maximum two FMXX2 systems. The first Module is
always the SUE supervision unit to make the communication between the whole shelf
and the management system.
The first FmX2 starts in slot 2 and the second one in slot 9 (check also the SISA-
address in the DCN-view.

Fig. 4
The SUE is shown in the DCN View as virtual note SISA V/LMX (LMX means
software download to this network element is possible). The second part of the SUE
is the icon for the 8 external Alarms connected direct to the SUE : SISA ASA (ASA-K)
means Alarm Collector (Alarmsammler)
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SUE
Alarm collector: 8 external alarms
CUD Firmware (new CUD without SW)

Fig. 5

The SUE has two further slaves: the 2 FMX2 systems started with a SISA V/LMX for
the CUD Firmware.
TIP A NEW CUD WITHOUT LOADABLE SOFTWARE WILL BE SHOWN ONLY AS
SISA V

After software download the multiplexer n*64 kbps to 2Mbps will occur.



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3 FMXII Functional View

The functional view shows the logical information flow through the FMXII from the 2
Mbps G703 electrical ports to the data interfaces.


Fig. 6

EPPM64/2M #1 and #2: electrical 2Mbps ports A an B










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FU Description Remark
EPPM64/2 Electrical Plesiochronous
Multiplex Port 64 kbit/s/2 Mbit/s
Electr. 2M Ports A and B
ICBD Internal Conference Block digital conference blocks for
Timeslots 1 to 31
BPX64 Bottom Path Connection 64 kbit/s 64 kbps crossconnector
KZU analog ports of SLX and SUB
KZU
KZU Access Interface
analog Ports of UAC
SUBMUX Assignment for Connections assignment of D-Channels for
ISDN
ISDN ISDN Access Interface
IIF64 Internal Interface 64 kbps ECC Ports #2 and #3 of CUD,
ECC#1 of SUE
DSKnx64 Digital Access Interface nx64 kbps ports of DSC10C, DSC6 n*64G
FLEXnx64 Digital Access Interface nx64 kbps CIM-IF of CPF2
SISA0 SISA-0 (Management of the QD2
interface)

PET Plesiochronous Equipment Timing Synchronization sources 1 to 8
MEL Message Input (digital input group
with 32 Bit)
external alarms


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A
B
2 1 0 17 16 15 31 30
2 1 0 17 16 15 31 30
ICBD#1:1 ICBD#31:1
ICBD#1:33
ICBD#31:33
1:=A
33:=B

Fig. 7

TIP
The ICBD gives the conference for the timeslots 1 to 31. If a port of a LC is
connected to a time slot on A or B is given by the number 1 for A and 33 for B.

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4 FMXII network structures
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The FMX2 system is used to build up private networks as access multiplexers inside
public networks.
The TMX30, TMX2x30 and DIMX multiplexers and CC64K cross-connect can be
combined in different ways.
The multiplexer's operating modes are implemented by central units and CUD.
The CUD central unit has two F1 ports. Changeover between operating modes is
implemented via the operating program by menu selection.
It is possible to implement the following structures, which can be linked to each other
arbitrarily:
line-type,
intermeshed,
star-shaped or
ring-shaped.

Applications:
Operating mode Central Unit Abbreviation
TMX30 Central Unit CUD
TMX2x30 Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
TMX30(1+1) Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
DIMX Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
Application options

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The following diagrams show examples of FMX2 applications.

Mirror multiplexer
2 Mbps
2 x 2 Mbps
CU, OF,
HDSL
data
NTU
ISDN
data
voice
MUX
TMX30
TMX2x30
NTU
ISDN
data
data
voice
MUX
TMX30
TMX2x30

Fig. 8 FMXII a mirror multiplexer configuration


Line - type network
MUX
DIMX
NTU
ISDN
data
voice
MUX
TMX30
voice
data
ISDN
2 Mbps
CU, OF,
HDSL
NTU
ISDN
data
voice
MUX
TMX30
2 Mbps
CU, OF,
HDSL
N
T
U

Fig. 9 FMXII in a line-type network configuration

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CC64K
MUX
DIMX
MUX
DIMX
CC64K
MUX
TMX30
TMX2x30
.
.
.
.
.
.
20
1
CC64K
MUX
DIMX
.
.
.
.
.
.
20
2-Mbps-Lines 2-Mbps-Lines
1
CC64K
synchronous
multiplexers
2 Mbps
2x2 Mbps
CU, OF,
HDSL
Branched network
MUX
TMX30
TMX2x30
2 Mbps
2x2 Mbps
CU, OF,
HDSL

Fig. 10 FMXII/CMX in a branched network configuration

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ISDN
voice
Access line multiplexer
MUX
TMX30
TMX2x30
EX
#
2 Mbps
CU

Fig. 11 FMXII in a AccessLine multiplexer configuration


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5 FMXII operating modes
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5.1 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30
TMX30 is a multiplexer operating mode in which a maximum of 30 time slots inside
the 2 Mbps signal are seized by the LC F2 signals in the transmit direction. If no
signaling flags are transmitted (CAS deactivated), a maximum of 31 channels are
available for data transmission (no voice processing in this special case).
In the receive direction the 2 Mbps signal is distributed to the 30 (31) LC F2 signals.

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Functional diagram
LC
LC
.
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F2 F1 CUD
F1out
F1in

Fig. 12 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30



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5.2 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30
In the multiplexer operating mode TMX2x30 it is possible to distribute a maximum of
60 signals in the transmit and receive direction from the LCs to ports F1A and F1B
and to transmit and send these signals as 2 Mbps signals using 30 channels each on
F1A and F1B. If no signaling flags are transmitted (CAS deactivated), a total
maximum of 62 channels are available.

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Functional diagram

LC
LC
.
.
.
F1in
F2
F1A
CUD
F1out
F1in
F1B
F1out

Fig. 13 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30


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5.3 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1)
The multiplexer operating mode TMX30(1+1) is used for protection switching of
2 Mbps transmission routes. Signals from a maximum of 30 (31) channels are
transmitted simultaneously (in parallel) via both ports of the CUD.
After detection of a fault in the standard route, a changeover to the secondary route
occurs within 10 ms without requiring any changes e.g. channel initialization data.
This means, existing connections remain unaffected.
If a high priority alarm is activated at one port and a lower priority alarm is activated
at the same time at a different port, the port with lower priority will be used as the
transmission path.

There are two operation principles to choose from:
non-reverted mode
If changeover from the standard route to the secondary route occurs as a result of
a fault, automatic switch back will not occur after clearing the fault.
reverted mode
If changeover from the standard route to the secondary route occurs as a result of
a fault, switchback to the standard route occurs automatically after the fault is
cleared.

TIP
This mode is used if two routes are available joining 2 different sites. It will not make
any sense to use this mode and transmit both E1 over the same physical carrier (e.g.
optical fiber of SDH ring).


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Functional diagram
LC
LC
.
.
.
F1 in
F2 CUD
F1 out
F1 in
F1 out
LC
LC
.
.
.
F1 out
F2 CUD
F1 in
F1 out
F1 in
F1
ACT
STB

Fig. 14 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1)




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5.4 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX
In the DIMX mode, the 2 Mbps signals are through-connected from port to port and it
is possible to branch and reinsert a maximum of 30 channels from each of the two
transmission directions including the corresponding sections in time slot 16 (CAS
signaling in case of telephony channels for POTS or ISDN subscribers).
In this way it is possible to drop/insert up to a maximum of 60 channels.
Channels that are not dropped are through-connected from port to port.

TIP
The default status of the channels in this mode is the "blind" through-connection from
port to port. No time slot is dropped, till user configures it.


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Functional diagram
LC . . .
F1 F1
F1 in
F1 out
CUD
F1 out
F1 in
LC
F2 F2

Fig. 15 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX


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6 Channel conferencing modes of the CUD in
DIMX-mode


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Any channel (time slot) of the 2Mbit/s of the CUD can be operated in 9 different
modes:
Through connecting of a time slot (FM without LC):
if this is applied to all TS, the DIMX becomes a regenerator
Dropping and inserting a 64kbit/s channel (A and B)
Full conference (FM with LC)
point to multipoint with the TS from F1A being the point (A:MP)
point to multipoint with the TS from F1B being the point (B:MP)
point to multipoint with the port of the line card being the point (LC:MP)
Broadcasting with the TS from F1A being the source (A:BC)
Broadcasting with the TS from F1B being the source (B:BC)
Broadcasting with the port of the line card being the source (LC:BC)


Fig. 16


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F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Through switching of a 2-Mbit/s signal
Dropping and inserting and iserting 64-kbit/s signal


PCM-E PCM-S

Fig. 17


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F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Digital conferencing
Point (port F1A)-to-multipoint
PCM-E PCM-S
+
+
+
PCM-E PCM-S
+

Fig. 18

F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Point (port F1B)-to-multipoint
Point (time slot)-to-multipoint
PCM-E PCM-S
+
PCM-E PCM-S
+

Fig. 19


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F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Broadcasting with F1A as a point
PCM-E PCM-S
F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Broadcasting with F1B as a point
PCM-E PCM-S

Fig. 20
F1Ain
CUD
F1Bout
F1Aout F1Bin
Port F1B Port F1A
Broadcasting with a time slot as a point
PCM-E PCM-S

Fig. 21
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7 FMX2R3 additional features
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7.1 End to end nx64kbps channel protection
The multiplexer can carry out automatic changeovers between the normal and
protection paths according to internal changeover criteria (protection state: auto).
Automatic changeover is possible only for the UAC68 and CPF2 units.
A manual changeover from the normal to the protection path and vice versa is also
possible in the auto protection state. In this case the path to which the changeover
occurs must be fault-free. The protection state is not affected by a manual
changeover.
The protection states normal path forced active and protection path forced active
are also possible.
The line card is assigned double the transmission capacity, a normal path and a
protection path, both with the same authorizations, in the transmission network. In the
direction from the transmission network to the subscriber interface, the subscriber
port determines the availability of the current transmission link or both transmission
links, and specifies the transmission link to be used.
Non-revertive protection mode is used, meaning that when the normal path is
disturbed the system changes over to the protection path if this path is fault-free. A
reverse changeover occurs if there is a fault on the protection path, and the normal
path is fault free.

For digital signals, protection switching also occurs in the following cases:
Single port with subrate transmission
Single port with 64-kbit/s data transmission
Multiport with n x 64-kbit/s data transmission.

If ADPCM is used, no protection path can be set up.


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Fig. 22 End to end nx 64kbps channel protection


FMX2


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7.2 ADPCM in FMXIIR3
This compressed coding of 64kbit/s channels into 32kbit/s is only available for
UAC68 card.
Using the ADPCM, no channel protection is possible.
This feature enables the transport of two analogue VF signals originated in two ports
of the card into one 64kbit/s channel of the 2 Mbit/s

TIP
The ADPCM is not available with the SUB102 or SLX102 cards. This means, no
ADPCM for telephony.
Please note, that this art of voice compression applies only in the following interfaces
(those of the UAC68 card):
Leased line 2 wires
Leased line 4 wires
E&M 6 wires
E&M 8 wires.


FMX2


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UAC68
1 16 31 7
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KZU2#4
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64kbit/s channel
ADPCM1 ADPCM2
Cross-connections

Fig. 23 Occupation of ADPCM channels


FMX2


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FMX2


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8 Exercise

1. What are the components of FMX2R3?

2. Which network structures can be implemented?

3. Which operating modes of the FMXII can be configured?

4. What shelves can accommodate the FMX2R3?

5. What are the main differences between SNUS shelf and FMX2S shelf?

6. What is the maximum number of line cards, that can be assigned to an FMXII?

7. How many line cards can be placed in an SNUS shelf?

8. How many line cards can be placed in an FMX2S shelf?


FMX2


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FMX2


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9 Solution

1. What are the components of FMX2R3?
central unit
line card
supervision unit

2. Which network structures can be implemented?
line-type,
intermeshed,
star-shaped or
ring-shaped.

3. Which operating modes of the FMXII can be configured?
Terminal multiplexer
TMX30
TMX2x30
TMX30(1+1)
Drop/Insert-Multiplexer
DIMX

4. What shelves can accommodate the FMX2R3?
MSX19 for Multiplexer and Line-equipment
FMX2 for Multiplexer and Line-equipment
SNUS for Cross-connect, Multiplexer and Line-equipment

FMX2


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5. What are the main differences between SNUS shelf and FMX2S shelf?
SNUS accommodates multiplexer, cross connect as well as transport
FMX2S accommodates up to two multiplexers only

6. What is the maximum number of line cards, that can be assigned to an FMXII?
12

7. How many line cards can be placed in an SNUS shelf?
6

8. How many line cards can be placed in an FMX2S shelf?
12