INTRODUCTION

Brief History Background

Philippine Education is a product of long history of struggle. Its metamorphosis was a
gradual process which was a product of generations of colonialism and imperialism.
Before the coming of Americans in the Philippines, the Educational system of pre-
colonial period was informal and unstructured. The fathers taught their sons how to look for food
& other means of livelihood. The mothers taught their daughters to do the household chores.
This form of education basically prepared their children to become good husband & wives.
During the Spanish times, education was formal. The first Christian school built in the
Philippines was mandated by the Augustinians & establish in Cebu in 1565. Christian doctrines
were the main focus of these schools for boys and girls were separated. However, wealthy
Filipinos or the Illustrados were accommodated by the schools.
While education in the Philippines became a very important issues for the United state.
Between 1901 and 1902, more than 1,000 American teachers, known as Thomasites for
the S.S Thomas, which transported the original groups to the Philippines; fanned out across the
archipelago to open Barangay schools.
The Filipino soldiers became the first teachers of the Filipinos. These Filipino soldiers
stopped teaching only when a group of teachers called the Thomasites from the U.S came to the
Philippines. The name Thomasites came after the name of the ship they traveled on, the S.S
Thomas.
Education in the Philippines during the American period brought with its progress,
together with its ills and shortcomings but it can`t denied the fact that Education in that time
became very important issue for the Filipinos. This was something that the Americans gave
importance during their conquest in our country.


STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The main point of this study is to find out the effect s of Philippine Educational System during
the American period.
Moreover, it sought to answers the following questions
1. What was the effect of American rule with regards to Philippine Education?
2. How was the condition of Literacy rate in Philippines during the time of American
regime?
3. How do Filipinos adapt to the charges of Educational system during the American
regime.




















RATIONALE
The Filipinos regarded education as the most effective vehicle for social mobility since
the progress of nation is relying on it.
Education was used by the Americans as one of the most effective means of pacifying the
restless natives. The main goal of education as established by the Americans was not solely for
giving the Filipinos the gift of literacy, but more so for their economic and political purposes.
They established schools in different places and provide adequate supports including the
materials and all the necessary resources. Students were given free books and free school
supplies by their teachers.
The American form of education emphasized unity and equality for all Filipinos.
Different laws were enacted and it emphasized more on educational system in Philippines. One
of these laws was;
The Schurman commission, its main features included not only broadening representative
institutions but also expanding a system of free public elementary education.
After the first Philippine Commission, the second Philippine Commission suddenly
followed with the continuation of the objectives of Schurman commission with regards to
Philippine Education. On January 21, 1901, the commission enacted Act No. 74, establishing the
Department of Public Instruction section one of the act provided that primary instruction should
be free of charge and open to all Filipinos.
American education was a successful instrument of colonization. It gradually disoriented
the Filipinos sense of national identity because it introduced them into an entirely new world,
strange, yet challenging. The use of English as medium of instruction widens the divide between
the elite and the Filipino masses.
This study focused more about the Philippine Education during the American regime and
it was conducted in order to know its effects and how Filipinos adapt to the changes of
Educational system during that time .

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Researchers: It helps them in such a way that it broadens their minds about the effects of
American regime in Philippine education.
Future Researchers: They can use this as their reference regarding the effects of American rule
in terms of Education in the Philippines.
Students also benefit from this study because they will become more aware of the style of the
educational system during American period up to the present time.
Parents: They will be informed that knowing about history with regards to Philippine
Educational System is an important aspect of becoming a citizen in our country.
Teachers: This research could guide them in such a way that our research contains the necessary
information about the background of Philippine Educational System that they can use to teach
their students.











SCOPE OF LIMITATION
This study was conducted at Talisay City College campus. This study was only limited to
reading of books (the Filipino History), searching articles and other related studies of effects of
American rule in Philippine Educational system.


















DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Schurman Commission-also known as the First Philippine Commission was established by
United States President William McKinley on January 20, 1899, and tasked to study the situation
in the Philippines and make recommendations on how the U.S should proceed after the
sovereignty of the Philippines was ceded to the U.S. by Spain on December 20, 18
2. Taft Commission- also known as Second Philippine Commission (Filipino Ikalawang
Komisyon ng Pilipinas) was established by United States President William McKinley on March
16, 1900 following the recommendations of the First Philippine Commission.
3. Baybayin- is an ancient pre-colonial Philippine writing system. It is a member of the Brahmic
family of India and is recorded as being in use in the 16th century
4. Chavacano-is a Spanish-based Creole language spoken in parts of the Philippines, especially
in and around the city of Zamboanga, by over 600,000 people.











Research Methodology
This study was conducted in order to know if we really attain our goals. The researchers
used a kind of method in order to find out the effectiveness of the study.
This presents the research design, research environment, research respondents, research
procedure, and research instrument.
Research Design
This research was the use of the descriptive method to gather information about the
effects of Philippine Educational system during the American regime.
Research Environment
The study was conducted in Talisay City College Campus at the library. The school`s
library has history books which we are using to gain more information about Philippine
Education during American time.
Research Procedure
The researchers were using a descriptive study in gathering information about the topic. \
It relies more on describing rather than on judging or interpreting
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers used a history book in presenting their data analysis.















Objectives
The objective of this study is to know the effects of American Rule in Philippine Educational
System. Furthermore, the specific objectives are;
To gather information through interviews to obtain a certain data about the topic.
To explore the effectiveness of the study by integrating related studies and theories about
the effects of American rule in Philippine educational system and so that the researchers
can arrive for a good conclusion.

h. Approach
Theoretical
Educational Theories
Constructivism is a philosophy of learning founded on the premise that, by reflecting on our
experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in. Each of us generates
our own "rules" and "mental models," which we use to make sense of our
experiences. Behaviorism is a philosophy of learning that only focuses on objectively
observable behaviors and discounts mental activities. Behavior theorists define learning as
nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior.
Classic conditioning occurs when a natural reflex responds to a stimulus.
The most popular example is Pavlov's observation that dogs salivate when they eat or even see
food. Essentially, animals and people are biologically "wired" so that a certain stimulus will
produce a specific response.
Behavioral or operant conditioning occurs when a response to a stimulus is reinforced.
Jean Piaget authored a theory based on the idea that a developing child builds cognitive
structures, mental "maps", for understanding and responding to physical experiences within their
environment. The four developmental stages of Piaget's model and the processes by which
children progress through them are: Sensorimotor stage(birth - 2 years old), Preoperational
stage(ages 2 - 7), Concrete operations (ages 7 - 11)Formal operations(beginning at ages 11 -
15).
Conceptual

















Review of Related Literature
ISSUES AND CONCERNS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION THROUGH THE YEARS
Joel M. Durban1, Ruby Durban Catalan2
INTRODUCTION
Philippine Education is a product of long history of struggle. Its metamorphosis was a gradual
process which was a product of generations of colonialism and imperialism. The Spaniards were
for sometimes, successful in making the natives illiterate and uneducated. From the coming of
Legazpi in 1570 to 1762, the natives were contented to be vassals of Spain. The Spaniards
CONSTRUCTIVISM

BEHAVIOIRISM


PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION
OPERANT
CONDITIONING
COGNITIVE THEORY
A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS ON
AMERICAN RULE IN PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
DATA ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
triumphed in using religion to make the people submissive and unquestioning. The people
blindly obeyed their foreign masters with the hope of salvation in the afterlife. The Spanish
policy focused on treating the natives as a ward; hence, there is no need for them to be educated.
This policy offered no opportunity for the Indios (as what the Spaniards call the Filipinos during
that time) to improve their lot in the colonial society. However, the second phase of Spanish
colonization, from 1762 1896 was a period of awakening. It marked the start of the realization,
the dawn of critical queries and, ultimately, of revolution. The global changes during that time,
like the opening of Suez Canal, the French Revolution, the opening of the Philippines to world
trade and commerce, among others, provided opportunity for the illustrados to send their
children to school, even in Europe.
History tells us that education during the Spanish colonization was selective. It was more
of a privilege than a right. Educational opportunities were so limited that learning became the
possession of a chosen few. Only the illustrados, the likes of Jose Rizal, the Luna brothers, the
Pardo de Taveras and others, availed of it, even with harsh treatment and discrimination from
their Spanish contemporaries. Learning, therefore, became a badge of privilege. There was a
wide gap between the illustrados and the masses. Even if the propaganda movement was
spearheaded by them, it was evident that they favored the assimilation of the Philippines with
Spain. This was a clear indication that, educated they maybe, they were still captives of Spain.
The great masses, the majority of the uneducated, were those who favored the separation of the
Philippines from Spain. Aware of their educational handicap, their desire for freedom was, for a
while, suppressed, giving the educated illustrados the privilege of leadership.






II. Data Analysis
The book of Teodoro Agoncillo about Filipino history represents the historic events of
Philippines from its people, cultures, conquests, influences of other countries cultures and
traditions, the countries nationalism and independence. It was also stated on his book the
Educational background of Philippines during the American Rule during the year 1898. It
specifies the major influences of Americans in Philippine education. One of this is the
establishment of Public school system which is free and compulsory for primary years. This was
the greatest achievement of Americans during their conquest in Philippines. This schools lead to
the uprising of literacy rate in our country which is also the reason why we change our 10 year
basic education into k-12 program.
Study shows that as of year 1903, when the first census was taken, the literacy rate was
44.2% and it rose to 49.2% in 1918. As of present time, the literacy rate of the country increased.
It rose up to 97.5% as a result of NSO's 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) showed
that of the 71.5 million individuals who are 10 years old and above, 97.5 percent or 69.8 million
were literate or could read and write. This is higher compared to the literacy rate of 92.3 % as
recorded in the 2000 CPH. Filipinos form of education has been greatly influenced by the
American`s form of education. They eventually adapt to the changes in the form of Education
from the Spanish era until the American time.
Until now, the bases of our education depend on the educational system of the U.S
because our Government believed that their educational system is better than ours. With these
statement, truly, we Filipinos were lack of initiative because we don`t trust our own educational
system. We are fun of patronizing and recognizing others system that leads in ignoring our own
capacities on running our own system. Where in fact, Filipinos were very competitive in most
areas but the problem is we are lacking of support by our Government.
According to Teodoro on his book, the America`s greatest achievement in the Philippines
was the introduction of Public school system. It paved the way on how Filipino lives change
from being simple into a developing one through the schools implemented by Americans. The
Silliman University, in Dumaguete City is the first American institution of higher learning to be
founded in Asia while the Central Philippine University, founded by the American Baptists is the
second American university in Asia.
But Teodoro`s book of Philippine History specifies most on the achievement of American
colonization rather than discussing about the negative sides and results of their conquest in
Philippines.

















Summary:
This research was conducted in order to know the effects of American rule in Philippine
Educational system.
Education in Philippines had evolved through the years since from the start of pre-ancient
times until now; our form of Education was being influenced by a long product of generations of
colonialism and imperialism.
The Educational system during pre-ancient times and Spanish period was replaced by a
form of free and compulsory public education by Americans. The effect of their conquest leads
to the;
Establishment of public schools in all levels of elementary and secondary
education.
It leads to major uprising of literacy rate in Philippines during American
Regime.
Filipinos at all ages were given the chance to attend to school since it was just a
free public school for all Filipinos.
Conclusion:
In general, we the researchers concluded that we cannot deny the fact that the
Americans give us the best example of a good education its impact in our educational system
creates an amazing change in our education. Through their way of education it enlightens and
awakens Filipino to be well educated and not just being contented on what we know but
rather exploring the beauty of being an educated person and be able to used education as
stepping stones to rebuild our own education. The Filipino literacy rate during American time
was really high. Until now we made the American educational system as our basis in
establishing our own education. Whether we like it or not educational system during
American period was really better than what we have experience today. Since then, they had
been the source of inspiration in making an excellent education.
Recommendation: