Hoist Application and

Safety Symposium
Presented by
Peter Cooke
Columbus McKinnon Corporation
Disclaimer
Please note:
The information in this symposium is intended for
general information purposes only.
This information is not a substitute for review of the
applicable government regulations and standards,
and should not be construed as legal advice or
opinion by Columbus McKinnon Corp, ASME, OSHA
or any of the presenters appearing before you.
Attendees with specific questions should refer to the
cited regulations or consult with an attorney.
Objectives
Identifying your hoist: what regulation
or rules apply to your equipment.
Applications/Case Studies
How hoist work
General inspection and testing
requirements per OSHA and ASME
Hoist Safety Tips
1
2
3
4
5
U.S. Dept. of Labor, Occupation,
Safety & Health Administration
(OSHA)
American National Standards
Institute (ANSI)
American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME)
Governing Agencies & Organizations
OSHA Regulations are LAW.
ASME rules are created by industry leading authorities. In a
court of law they can be just as binding as OSHA.
When OSHA and ASME vary, it is prudent to follow the most
stringent to protect employees.
OSHA / ASME / ANSI
Q
Explain the difference between ASME & OSHA and their
application of the law as it applies to hoists and cranes.
OSHA Requirements
Regulation 1910.179 Safety and Operational Standard for
Overhead and Gantry Cranes
Double girder cranes with top running trolley hoist
Section 1910.179(b)(2) shall meet design specificationANSI
B30.2, which is incorporated by reference as specified
inSec.1910.6.
Most stringent standard OSHA refers to as far as cranes
In all other cases OSHA invokes its General Duty Clause
Employer to furnish to each employee employment and a place of
employment which is free of recognized hazards that are causing or
likely to cause death or serious injury.
Will refer to recognized and applicable industry standards
ANSI/ASME B30 Safety Standards
Manufacturers recommendations in their manuals
Can & will interpret should as a shall. If it is important
enough to recommend then it should be put into practice.
Only mandatory provisions containing the word shall or other
mandatory language of standards incorporated by reference, are
adopted as standards by OSHA.
OSHA places the responsibility of compliance on the end
user, the owner of the crane.
It is our moral responsibility to have working knowledge of the
safety standards and to educate our customer by recommending
and encouraging their compliance.
State OSHAs may have additional Safety regulations over
and above the federal regulations.
Personnel must be aware of state OSHA requirements in the
areas they operate in.
OSHA Requirements
ASME B30.16 Overhead Hoist Underhung
ASME B30.11 Mono Rails and Underhung Cranes
ASME B30.9 Slings/OSHA 1910.184
ASME B30.20 Below the Hook Lifter
ASME B30.10 Hook
ASME B30.9 Slings/OSHA 1910.184
ASME B30.10 Hook
ASME B30.20 Below the Hook Lifter
ASME B30.26 Rigging Hardware
ASME B30.26 Rigging Hardware
OSHA/ASME Standards
Do you know what is
required to be
compliant?
ASME B30.16
OVERHEAD HOI ST UNDERHUNG
E
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C
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A
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M
A
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ASME B30.21
LEVER TOOLS
Wire Rope Synthetic Roller Chain Chain
Ratchet and Pawl Brakes Weston type brakes
This is an underhung hoist
Overhead Hoist &
Underhung Cranes
ASME / ANSI B30.16
OSHA: CFR 29, USC 654,
Section 5(a)(1)
ASME B30.16
OVERHEAD HOI ST UNDERHUNG
Monorails &
Underhung Cranes
This is a crane
ASME / ANSI B30.11
ASME /ANSI B30.16
CFR 29, USC 654, Section
5(a)(1)
ASME B30.11
Monor ai l s and Under hung Cr anes
Monorails &
Underhung Cranes
New Chapter 11-4
Training: 11-4.1.2: The requirements for certification as
an underhungcrane and monorail maintenance person
apply to all persons who maintain the mechanical,
structural, and electrical components of the equipment.
ASME B30.11
Monor ai l s and Under hung Cr anes
Applications
Appl i c at i ons: Load Dr i f t i ng
Cyclone
Photo Courtesy of Commonwealth Dynamics Inc.
Chimneys, Stacks, Silos, Cooling Towers, www.comdynam.com
Forty cyclones used in a chimney project in
South Carolina
Applications
Slip Form Construction
Fl yi ng Dec k s: Las Vegas
Appl i c at i ons: Ent er t ai nment
Entertainment
How manual hoi st w or k
FRICTION
WASHERS
RATCHET
WITH
BUSHING
PAWL
Mechanical Load brake:
Weston Brake System
Lever
Hand Wheel
THREADED
PINION
SHAFT
FRICTION
HUB
How manual hoi st w or k
Mec hani c al Load Br ak e
LIFTING THE LOAD
CLOSES THE BRAKE
Similar to closing/ opening a
jar
C
M
C
M
THE LOWERING OF THE LOAD
OPENS BRAKE
Mechanical Load Brake
Inspection and testing
Complete Inspection for Hoist in regular service
Periodic Inspections
Are visual inspections To be performed every three months to annually
by an appointed person who records conditions to provide a basis for
continuing evaluations of the hoist.
RECORDS MUST BE KEPT AND RETAINED
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Under what
circumstances are
inspections required to
be documented for a
hoist in regular service?
Q
Is a written initial Inspection
required before new equipment is
placed in service?
ANSWER: Yes
B30.16-2.1.1: prior to initial use all new and
altered cranes shall be inspected to insure
compliance with the provisions of this section.
Also appears in B30.2, B30.11 B30.17
Without a written record there would be no
evidence that the inspection was done.
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Q
An external code mark on the hoist is an acceptable
identification in lieu of records for proof of periodic
inspection. (A metal stamp mark shall not be made in
a highly stressed area.)
Samples of proof of Inspection Hoist Markers
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Do we need to
disassemble the hoist for
the periodic inspection?
Q
Inspection may be performed with the hoist at its
normal location and do not require the hoist to be
disassembled.
Covers and other items normally supplied to allow
inspection of components should be opened or
removed
A designated person shall determine whether
conditions found during inspection constitute a hazard
and whether disassembly is required
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Frequent Inspections : Visual inspections
performed by the operator or other designated
personnel with records not required. This is to be
done daily monthly depending on type of
service
THIS IS YOUR PREOPERATIONAL CHECK
(NO RECORDS)
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Is the operator
responsible for hoist
inspections? yes
Q
Frequent Inspections
No records required.
However it is common
practice to give
operators a check list as
seen to the right.
Always inspect your
equipment for you
use it.
ANSWER: There is no specific time period
specified once the initial installation has had an
initial inspection (operational test) and been load
tested. If the hoist and crane is not altered,
repaired, or modified, it could remain in service
indefinitely without a load test being required.
Load test are 100% 125% of W.L.L.
Inspection & Testing
Q
How often are load tests required on hoisting
equipment that have had no load suspension
parts replaced, repaired or modified?
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Is the equipment properly rated.
Note: monorails, trolleys and hoists
dont always have the same rating.
Make sure you dont overload. Max load
based on weakest component in the
system.
Sling Chain
This is not a proper connection,
no sling protection, side loading
links
Is Hoist Trolley
Properly Installed?
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Inspect Controls and Operating Mechanisms
for Proper Operation
Hoist Pendant Controls
Operating Correctly?
Is Up Up? Down Down?
Manual Lever Hoist
Directional Controls
Working?
Inspection & Testing: Preoperational Check
Inspect Hooks for wear and distortion
Hoist hooks must
have a latch unless
in constitutes a
hazard
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Inspect Chain for wear, nicks, gouges, distortion,
heat damage
Inspection & Testing: Preoperational Check
Check the Hoist Chain or Wire
Rope Reeving if Double or
Triple Reeved
Look at the Chainare the
chain links all in line or are they
twisted? If so your chain block
is capsized.
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Quick Link
used to add
length to chain
Cold Shut used
to add hook to
length of chain
Dont Modify or Add To Hoist
Load Chain
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
WARNING
PULL TO LIFT FULL LOAD
TO MUCH FORCE EXERTED ON THE HAND CHAIN
OR LEVER TOOL WILL RESULT IN AN
OVERLOAD.
KNOW YOUR HOISTS LIMITATIONS OBSERVE
PULLING FORCES OUTLINED ON OPERATERS
MANUAL OR ON HOIST WARNING LABELS
Safety Tips
Bent Handle
Bad Hook/Latch
Hoist has been severely overloaded
NOTE:
ANY NICKS GOUGES OR BENT
HANDLE IS A SIGN OF
OVERLOAD
I nspec t i on & Test i ng
Safety Tips
Two workers powering a
lever tool. Tools are
designed for one person
operation. This is
exceeding the hoists full
load pulling force. They
are overloading.
Lever tools and
Chainfalls are designed
for one person
operation
Safety Tips
Common Lever t ool Pr obl em
Application: Welding/
Fabrication
Fabrication needs to be
squared up.
Lever tool used to pull
fabrication into position to be
welded.
Problem
There is no proper
anchorage for the hooks.
Hooks get tipped loaded and
pulled out.
A SOLUTI ON
PULLI NG
CLAMP
By using the pulling
clamp as the
anchorage point the
lever tool remains in a
straight line pull.
Common Lever t ool Pr obl em
Application: Welding/
Fabrication
Puller being used to
tension steel plates for
fabrication (welding)
Tip loading lever tool
Incorrect anchorage,
plate clamp can let go
Common Lever t ool Pr obl em
SOLUTION
Two styles of pulling
clamps for anchorage.
Eliminates tip loading of
lever tool and dangerous
use of plate lifting clamp
NOTE
Pulling clamps are used
as anchorage points for
tensioning. They are not
to be used for lifting
No Side Pulling
No Tip Loading
Safety Tips
Do Not Use Hoist Load Chain
as a Sling
Safety Tips
THIS WORKER IS
STANDING UNDER
LOAD. THE LOAD IS
BEING SUPPORTED
BY THE CHAIN OF A
LEVER TOOL.
HOIST CHAIN
SHOULD NEVER
COME IN CONTACT
WITH THE LOAD AND
SHALL ALWAYS
REMAIN IN A
STRAIGHT LINE.
Safety Tips
Dog leg in wire
rope sling
A Safe Load:
Know the Weight of your Load
Do Not Lift Beyond Rated Capacities
Use Properly Rated Rigging equipment
Always Lift or Pull in a Straight Line
Do Not Side Pull or Tip Load
Use Proper Load Balance and Know your Angles
Never Leave a Load Suspended or Unattended
Safety Tips
Be A Safe Operator:
Do Not Lift Loads Over
People
Do Not use the Hoist to
Lift, Support, or
Transport People
Maintain Firm Footing
and Balance
Keep Work Area Clean
& Clear of Obstructions
Do Read Operation &
Instruction Manuals
Safety Tips
It is NEVER acceptable to
lift personnel with a hoist
or Crane
You've figured out all
the angles.
You know what you're
doing.
It comes naturally to
you.
Youve been doing this
for 20 Years
Nothing could possibly
go wrong.
RIGHT?
Safety Tips
Please Think Again
Hoist Application and
Safety Symposium
Q & A
For more information please visit
www.cmcolive.com
www.cmindustrial.com
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