Statistical Quality Control

Montgomerys 6th edition

Solutions for Chapter 03
Jan Rohln
jan.rohlen@hb.se

Question 3.2
(a)
Pn

i=1

M ean = x =

xi

= 952.889

(b)
s=

v
u Pn
u n i=1 x2i
t

( ni=1 xi )2
= 3.72
n(n 1)
P

Question 3.3
(a)
948, 949, 950, 951, |{z}
953 , 954, 955, 957, 959
median

(b)
Infinitely

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Jan Rohln

Statistical Quality Control

Chapter 3

Question 3.22
(a)
Two dices are tossed.
6
5
4
3
2
1

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

8
7
6
5
4
3
2

9
8
7
6
5
4
3

10
9
8
7
6
5
4

11
10
9
8
7
6
5

12
11
10
9
8
7
6

The sample space:

= {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}.
Total number of outcomes: n = 6 6 = 36
Probability Distribution:
P (
x = 2) =

1
36

P (
x = 3) =

2
36

P (
x = 3) =

3
36

...

P (
x = 12) =

Question 3.23
mean and variance:

E(X) =

ip(i) =

i=12
X

ip(i) == 2

i=2

(X) =

1
2
3
1
+3 +4 +...+12 = 7
36
36
36
36

(i E(X)) p(i) =

12
X

(i E(X))2 p(i) = 5832

i=2

Question 3.26
(a)

P (X = 1) =

ex x
e0.02 0.021
=
= 0.0196
x!
1!
2

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1
36

Jan Rohln

Statistical Quality Control

Chapter 3

(b)

P (X 1) = 1 P (X = 0) = 1

e.02 0.020
= 1 0.9802 = 0.0198
0!

(c)
Assume that defect frequency has become into half:
P (X 1| = 0.01) = 0.010
Question 3.24
f (x) = 0.125e0.125x

x>0

(a)
T = time to failure
T exp() , = 0.125
P (T 1) =

Z 1
0

f (x)dx =

Z 1

x dx = e + 1 = 1 e =

[ex ]10 = 1 e0.125 = 0.18

(b)
P rice = 50 + 25 = 75
Cost = 50(1 = 0.18) = 55.9
P rice Cost = P rof it = 75 55.9 = 19.1
Question 3.30
x
p = nx 0.04 = 50
x=2
X is binomial distribution.
P (X 2) = 0.9216

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Jan Rohln

Statistical Quality Control

Chapter 3

Question 3.32
Hypergeometric Distribution
N= 25, n=5
(a)
M = 2, P (X = 0) =?
 

P (X = 0) =

M
x

N M
nx

 

 
N
n

2
0

252
50
 
25
5

= 0.633

(b)
(

p = Dn =
n=5

2
25

= 0.08

n
5
P (X) =
px (1 p)nx =
0.080 (1 0.08)50 = 0.659
x
0

Rule of Thumb:
If Nn < 0.1 then accept!
5
25

= 0.2 then REJECT!

(c)

5
If N = 150 Nn = 150
= 0.033 < 0.1
Yes, this time we can accept the approximation.

(d)
D = 5andP (X 1)
 

P (X = 0) =

5
0

 
20
n

 
25
n

< 1 0.95

Using the simulation and test:

n=1
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Jan Rohln

Statistical Quality Control

Chapter 3

n=2
.
.
.
n = 10 P (X = 0) = 0.057
n = 11 P (X = 0) = 0.038 answer! n=11
note: we usually choose the the bigger n. So thee answer is 11 and not
10.
Question 3.40
(a)
Supply Voltage U N (, )
(

= 5V
= 0.02V

P (LSL U U SL) = P (

U CL = 5.05
LCL = 4.95

LSL
U
U SL

| {z
ZN (0,1)

P ( 4.955
Z
0.02

5.055
)
0.02

= P (2.5 Z 2.5) =

P (X 2.5) P (X 2.5) =
(2.5) (2.5) = (2.5) (1 (2.5)) =
2 (2.5) 1 = 0.9876

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Jan Rohln

Statistical Quality Control

Chapter 3

Question 3.41
(a)
No, shifting the average does not improve the process. It is systematical and centred.
(b)
P = 1 P (LSL < U < U SL) = 0.001???
0.001
2

P (U < LSL) =
P(

U SL

}
|
{z

LSL
)

= 0.0005

ZN (0,1)

= ( LSL
) = 0.0005

LSL

= 1 (0.0005) = 1 (0.9995) = 3.29

LSL
1 (0.0005)

4.955
3.29

= 0.0152

answer: = 0.015

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