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Definition
NPSH is what the pump needs, the minimum requirement to perform its
duties.
Therefore, NPSH is what happens in the suction side of the pump, including
what goes on in the eye of the impeller.
Remember :
The unit of measure for NPSH is head in meters in the pump suction.
NPSHA
Net Positive Suction Head Available
NPSHr
Net Positive Suction Head Required
Definition
It is the energy in the liquid required to overcome the friction losses from
the suction nozzle to the eye of the impeller without causing vaporization.
Remember :
It is a characteristic of the pump and is indicated on the pump's curve. It
varies by design, size, and the operating conditions.
An easy way to understand NPSHr is to call it the minimum suction
pressure
necessary
Accordingtotokeep the pumped
the Standards of fluid in a liquidInstitute,
the Hydraulic state. a suction lift test
is performed on the pump and the pressure in the suction vessel is
lowered to the point where the pump suffers a 3% loss in total head.
This point is called the NPSHr of the pump.
NPSHa
Net Positive Suction Head Available
Definition
This is the energy in the fluid at the suction connection of the pump over
and above the liquid’s vapor pressure.
It is a characteristic of the system.
Remember :
NPSHa only deals with the suction side of the pump.
During pump operation,
NPSHa should be always greater than the NPSHr
HOW ?
Formula of NPSHa is
NPSHa = Ha +/- Hs - Hvp - Hf
H ( mtr ) x Specific gr
P (bar) = 10,2
NPSHa = Ha +/- Hs - Hvp – Hf
Ha Atmospheric head at sea level
:
a ) Open tank to
atmosphere
Ha = 10,33 mtr
Tank Pressure
4,5 bar g
- Hs
+ Hs
NPSHa = Ha +/- Hs - Hvp – Hf
Hvp : The Liquid Vapour Pressure head expressed in
meters.
It is a function of the temperature of the liquid.
Pvapour of any liquid can be found in
Example: thermodynamic properties tables.
a) Liquid: Water @ 35 0 C Pvapour = 0,056 bar
a
0,056 x 10,2
Hvp Hvp 0,57 mtr
1
= =
Hf = Suction line
piping losses
NPSHa calculation of a Ballast pump
NPSHa = Ha +/- Hs - Hvp - Hf
Hs = 1 mtr FW @ 320 C
Hf = 1,1 mtr
NPSHa = Hs
Propane
@ 50 C
Hs = 1
mtr
LPG pumps