08/10/2014

1
Elemen Sistem Otomasi
Ade Irman SM
Untirta
2013

Manufacturing Operations
1. Processing & assembly
2. Material handling
3. Inspection & test
4. Coordination & control
08/10/2014
2
Konsep
Why automation can run a complete process
without human assistance ?
Basic Elements
1. A Program of Instruction
To define process
2. A Control System
To actuate the instruction
3. Power
To drive the process & to operate the program &
control system

08/10/2014
3
Basic Elements
Program of
Instruction
Control System Process
Power
Program of Instruction
Cycle Instruction (Work Cycle Program)
Load the part into the machine
Perform the process
Unload the part
Decision Making in The Programmed Work
Cycle
Changes in variables

08/10/2014
4
Process Parameter & Variable
Process Parameter are input to the process
Temperature setting of furnace
Coordinate axis value in a positioning system
Valve opened or closed in afluid flow system
Motor on or off
Process Variables are output of the process
The actual temperature of the furnace
The actual posistion of the axis
The actual flow rate on the pipe
The rotational speed of the motor
Continuous and Discrete Variables or
Parameters in Manufacturing Operations
08/10/2014
5
Control System
The element of the automated system that
executes the program of instruction
A Closed loop control system (Feedback control
system)
An Open loop control system
A Closed Loop Control System
Input
Parameter
Controller Actuator Process
Feedback
Sensor
output
variable
08/10/2014
6
Contoh
A Open Loop Control System
Input
Parameter
Controller Actuator Process
output
variable
08/10/2014
7
Contoh
?
Basic Power Requirement
Manufacturing Process
Material handling function:
Loading/ unloading
Material/ product transport
08/10/2014
8
Power
The principle source of power in automated
system is
electricity.
Can be readily converted to alternative energy
forms: mechanical, thermal, light
At low level can be used to accomplish function
such as signal transmission, information
processing, data storage, communication
Can be stored in long life batteries
Alternative Power Sources
Fossil fuel
Solar energy
Water
Wind
Rare in automated system (exclusive use)
In many case alternative power sourced is used,
electricity power is still needed
Example: In heat treatment or casting, the furnace
maybe heat by fossil fuel, but the control system to
regulate temperature is electrical
08/10/2014
9
Power for the Common Process
Process Power Form Action Accomplished
Casting Thermal Melting the metal before pouring into a
mold cavity
Electric discharged
machining (EDM)
Electrical Metal removal (cause very high localized
temperature that melt metal)
Forging Mechanical Metal is deformed by opposing dies
ect
The power source is usually converted from electricity
Additional Power Function in
Automated System
Controller unit
To actuate the control signal
Data acquisition and information processing
08/10/2014
10
Advance Automation Function
Safety Monitoring
Maintenance and Repair Diagnostic
Error detection and recovery
Safety Monitoring
1. To protect human workers in the vicinity of
the system
2. To protect the equipment associated with the
system
Complete stoppage of the automated system
Sounding an alarm
Reducing the operation speed
ect
08/10/2014
11
Maintenance and Repair Diagnostic
1. Status Monitoring
Monitors and records the status of key sensor
2. Failure Diagnostic
To analyze the recorded value preceding the
failure
3. Recommendation of repair procedure
Provide recommendation procedure for repair
Error Detection and Recovery
In control unit (computer)
1. Random error
2. Systematic error
3. Aberration error
08/10/2014
12
Tugas Kelompok
Buat makalah untuk dipresentasikan, terkait:
Proses produksi suatu produk/jasa
Potensi otomatisasi
Alasan kualitatif
Alasan kuantitatif