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Signal Processing Toolbox

Perform signal processing, analysis, and algorithm development


Signal Processing Toolbox provides industry-standard algorithms for analog and digital signal processing
(DSP). You can use the toolbox to visualize signals in time and frequency domains, compute FFTs for spectral
analysis, design FIR and IIR filters, and implement convolution, modulation, resampling, and other signal
processing techniques. Algorithms in the toolbox can be used as a basis for developing custom algorithms for
audio and speech processing, instrumentation, and baseband wireless communications.
Signal Processing Toolbox is included in MATLAB and Simulink Student Version.
Key Features
Signal and linear system models
Signal transforms, including fast Fourier transform (FFT), discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and short-time
Fourier transform (STFT)
Waveform and pulse generation functions, including sine, square, sawtooth, and Gaussian pulse
Transition metrics, pulse metrics, and state-level estimation functions for bilevel waveforms
Statistical signal measurements and data windowing functions
Power spectral density estimation algorithms, including periodogram, Welch, and Yule-Walker
Digital FIR and IIR filter design, analysis, and implementation methods
Analog filter design methods, including Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Bessel
Linear prediction and parametric time-series modeling
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Analysis and visualization tools for verifying numerical accuracy and performance. Example plots from Signal Processing
Toolbox include (clockwise from top left): A periodogram of a numerically controlled oscillator; a reconstructed ECG signal
using the Walsh-Hadamard transform shown with the original ECG signal; the magnitude response of a low-pass FIR filter, with
a specification mask overlay; and the impulse response of a Gaussian pulse-shaping filter for various bandwidths.
Generating, Visualizing, and Analyzing Signals
Signal Processing Toolbox enables you to generate and analyze discrete signals in MATLAB

. You can:
Create vectors of discrete signal values
Generate standard waveforms using built-in toolbox functions
Import signals from files
Acquire signals from instruments, multimedia devices, and other hardware
Generating Waveforms
You can generate continuous and discrete signals using signal generation functions in the toolbox. Support for
commonly used waveforms includes:
Periodic waveforms, such as sine, square, sawtooth, and rectangular signals
Aperiodic waveforms, such as chirp and Gaussian pulse signals
Common sequences, such as unit impulse, unit step, and unit ramp
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Visualizing and Analyzing Waveforms
You can visualize signals in the time domain by plotting them against a time vector that you create in MATLAB.
You can also use stem plots, staircase plots, and other MATLAB plots to obtain different views of signal
characteristics. You can transform time-domain signals to the frequency domain using functions that compute the
DFT and STFT.
Visualization of periodic, aperiodic, and swept-frequency waveforms.
Interactive Signal Processing
Signal Processing Tool (SPTool) is an interactive tool that enables basic signal analysis tasks. From the SPTool
interface, you can launch other tools, including Signal Browser, Filter Design and Analysis Tool (FDATool), and
Spectrum Viewer. Using these tools, you can:
Import and visualize single-channel or multichannel signals in the time domain
Make signal measurements, such as slope and peak value
Play audio signals on a PC sound card
Design or import FIR and IIR filters of various lengths and response types
View characteristics of a designed or imported filter, including magnitude, phase, impulse, and step responses
Apply the filter to a selected signal
Graphically analyze signals in the frequency domain using a variety of spectral estimation methods
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Visualizing a speech signal in the time domain using the Signal Browser interface in the Signal Processing Tool (SPTool).
Performing Spectral Analysis in MATLAB
Spectral analysis is key to understanding signal characteristics, and it can be applied across all signal types,
including radar signals, audio signals, seismic data, financial stock data, and biomedical signals. Signal
Processing Toolbox provides MATLAB functions for estimating the power spectral density, mean-square
spectrum, pseudo spectrum, and average power of signals.
Algorithms for Spectral Analysis in MATLAB
Spectral estimation algorithms in the toolbox include:
FFT-based methods, such as periodogram, Welch, and multitaper
Parametric methods, such as Burg and Yule-Walker
Eigen-based methods, such as eigenvector and multiple signal classification (MUSIC)
Visualization in the Frequency Domain
Spectral analysis functions in the toolbox enable you to compute and view a signals:
Time-frequency representation of a signal using the spectrogram function
Power spectral density
Mean-square spectrum
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Visualizing signal spectra obtained with spectral analysis methods in MATLAB. Example plots from Signal Processing Toolbox
include (clockwise from top left): Spectrogram of clean and noisy audio signals; mean-square spectrum of A/D converter input
and output signals with aliasing in the output; and power spectral density of a noisy 200 Hz cosine signal, with a 95%
confidence interval.
Designing Digital FIR and IIR Filters
Signal Processing Toolbox enables you to design, analyze, and implement FIR and IIR digital filters in MATLAB.
Filter Responses and Design Methods
The toolbox supports a wide range of response types and design methods, including:
Filter responses for lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop, Hilbert, differentiator, pulse-shaping, and
arbitrary magnitude filters
Parks-McClellan and Kaiser window for FIR filter design
Butterworth, Chebyshev Type I and Type II, and elliptic filters for IIR filter design
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MATLAB code and corresponding plots for FIR (top right) and IIR (bottom right) filter design using algorithms in Signal
Processing Toolbox.
Analyzing Filters
You can analyze your filter design by simultaneously viewing multiple characteristics in the Filter Visualization
Tool (FVTool):
Magnitude response, phase response, and group delay in the frequency domain
Impulse response and step response in the time domain
Pole-zero information
FVTool also helps you evaluate filter performance by providing information about filter order, stability, and phase
linearity. Once you design your filter, you can implement it using FIR and IIR filter structures.
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Analysis of a lowpass FIR filter designed using a Kaiser window method. Example plots from Signal Processing Toolbox include
(clockwise from top left): Magnitude and phase responses, impulse response, pole-zero plot, and filter order and stability
information.
Interactive Filter Design and Analysis
Signal Processing Toolbox provides FDATool, FVTool, and Filterbuilder for interactive filter design and analysis.
Together, these tools enable you to:
Explore FIR and IIR design methods for a given filter specification
Analyze filters by viewing filter characteristics, including magnitude response, phase response, group delay,
pole-zero plot, impulse response, and step response
Obtain filter information, such as filter order, stability, and phase linearity
Import previously designed filters and filter coefficients stored in the MATLAB workspace and export filter
coefficients
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Filter Design and Analysis Tool (FDATool) showing magnitude response, filter order, and stability information for a lowpass
FIR filter.
Designing Analog Filters
Signal Processing Toolbox provides functions for analog filter design and analysis. Supported analog filter types
include Butterworth, Chebyshev, Bessel, and elliptic. The toolbox also contains discretization functions for
analog-to-digital filter conversion.
Developing Signal Processing Algorithms
Signal Processing Toolbox offers techniques for developing signal processing algorithms in these categories:
Signal transforms, including discrete cosine transform (DCT), Hilbert, Goertzel, and Walsh-Hadamard
Multirate operations for decimation, interpolation, and resampling
Statistical signal processing functions to compute autocorrelation, covariance, cross-correlation, and
cross-covariance of signals
Linear prediction and parametric modeling functions
You can use these techniques to explore various algorithm approaches and perform a variety of signal processing
tasks. You can:
Interpolate, decimate, or resample a signal
Modulate and demodulate a signal
Smooth a signal using windowing functions
Encode a signal for a compression algorithm
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Common signal processing techniques implemented using toolbox functions. Examples include (clockwise from top left):
Resampling an audio signal from a DAT sample rate of 48 kHz to a CD sample rate of 44.1 kHz, interpolating a signal by a
factor of 4, modulating message signals using double sideband modulation, and encoding floating-point scalars in the range
[1, 1] to uint8 integers.
Creating and Applying Window Functions
Data window functions apply to both spectral analysis and filter design. A window function suppresses the effects
of the Gibbs phenomenon that result from truncating an infinite series. The toolbox contains functions for creating
and applying several window functions including rectangular, Hamming, Hann, Kaiser, and Gaussian.
The interactive Window Design and Analysis Tool (WinTool) lets you design and analyze spectral windows. You
can:
Display time-domain and frequency-domain representations of selected windows
Export window vectors or window objects to the MATLAB workspace, a MAT-file, or a text file
View typical window measurements, such as leakage factor, relative sidelobe attenuation, and main lobe
width
Visualize, annotate, and print time-domain and frequency-domain plots
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Product Details, Examples, and System Requirements
www.mathworks.com/products/signal
Trial Software
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Technical Support
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Window Design and Analysis Tool (WinTool) with time-domain and frequency-domain plots of Hamming, Hann, and Kaiser
windows.
Resources
Online User Community
www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral
Training Services
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Third-Party Products and Services
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Worldwide Contacts
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2012 The MathWorks, Inc. MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. See www.mathworks.com/trademarks for a list of
additional trademarks. Other product or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
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