7.

1 Electric fields and charge flow

1. The figure shows the electric field between two charged parallel metal plates.
Gambar rajah menunjukkan medan elektrik di antara dua plat logam bercas yang selari.
The electric field will be stronger if
Medan elektrik akan lebih kuat jika
A the distance between the charged metal plates is reduced.
A jarak antara plat logami bercas dikurangkan
B the metal plates used have a larger area.
B platlogami yang digunakan mempunyai luas yang besar
C the charge on each of the metal plates is reduced.
C cas-cas di setiap plat logam dikurangkan
2. A positively charged conducting metal sphere hangs from a nylon thread above a metal plate. The
electric field is as shown in
Sebiji bola logam bercas positif digantung di atas sebuah plat logam. Medan elektrik adalah
seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh
. The figure below shows a charged conducting ping pong ball oscillating in the electric field
between two charged parallel metal plates.
Gambar rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebiji bola ping pong bercas disesarkan di dalam medan
elektrik antara dua plat logam bercas yang selari.
The fre!uency of oscillation of the ball will increase if
rekuensi hayunan bola ping pong akan meningkat jika
A the distance d between the plates is increased.
A jarak! d antara dua plat ditambah
B the length of the nylon thread is increased.
B panjang benang nylon ditambah
C the charge on each of the plates is increased.
C cas-cas di setiap plat logam ditambah
". The figure shows a light sphere which is charged hanging in e!uilibrium for a nylon thread
besides a metal plate that is charged positive.
#ambar ra$ah menun$u%%an sfera ringan yang bercas digantung secara seimbang di sebelah plat
logam bercas positif mengguna%an benang nylon.
&hat is the type of charge on the sphere and the direction of the force due to the charged metal
plate on the sphere'
Apakah jenis cas dan arah daya pada sfera yang disebabkan oleh plat logam bercas"
A
B
C
(
). &hich diagram shows correctly the forces * between two charged spheres'
Gambar rajah yang manakah menunjukkan daya-daya antara dua sfera bercas betul"
+. &hich is the correct relation between the coulomb ,C-. the ampere ,A- and the second ,s-'
#ubungan manakah betul bagi coulomb $C%! ampere $A% dan saat $s%"
A C / A s
01
B C / A
01
s
C C / A s
( C / A
01
s
01
Charge
Cas
Direction of force
Arah daya
1ositive
&ositif
Towards he charged plate
Mendekati plat bercas
1ositive
&ositif
Away from the charge plate
Menjauhi plat bercas
2egative
'egatif
Towards the charged plate
Mendekati plat bercas
2egative
'egatif
Away from the charge plate
Menjauhi plat bercas
7. (uring a lightning +3C of charge flow for 12 milliseconds. &hat is the current produced'
Semasa kilat! ()C cas mengalir dalam masa *+ milisaat. Berapakah arus elektrik yang
dihasilkan"
A 2 A
B ) A
C 2 4 13

A
( ) 4 13

A
E 2 4 13
0
A
5. The charged sphere of a 6an de #raff generator is discharged by connecting it to the ground using
a wire. A current of 3.) m A flows for 3.2 s. 7ow much charge was on the sphere before it
discharges'
,ubah sfera penjana -an de Graff dinyahcas dengan menyambungkannya ke bumi menggunakan
wayar. Arus elektrik ).. mA mengalir dalam masa ).+ s. Berapakah cas di kubah sfera sebelum
dinyahcas"
A 13 8C
B 133 8C
C 2.) mC
( 13 mC
E 2.) C
7.2 9elationship between electric current and potential difference
:. &hich of the following statements is true for an ohmic conductor'
,enyataan manakah yang tepat bagi konduktor ohm"
A &hen the voltage across the conductor increases. the current in it decreases.
A Semasa /oltan merentasi konduktor bertambah! arus elekrtik berkurang.
B &hen the current in the conductor changes. its resistance remains constant.
B Semasa arus elektrik di dalam konduktor berubah! rintangan kekal seragam
C The current in it remains constant when the voltage across it increases.
C Arus elektrik kekal seragam apabila /oltan bertambah.
13. A rheostat is connected in the circuit shown.
0eostat disambung seperti litar di bawah.
The reading of the ammeter is ; and the voltmeter is 6. 7ow do the values of ; and 6 change
when the sliding contact < of the rheostat is slowly moved from = to >'
Bacaan ammeter dan /oltmeter masing-masing ialah 1 dan -. bagaimanakah nilai 1 dan -
berubah apabila sesentuh S rheostat dilaraskan dari 2 ke 3"
A ; increases and 6 increases
A 1 meningkat dan - meningkat
B ; increases and 6 decreases
B 1 meningkat dan - berkurang
C ; decreases and 6 increases
C 1 berkurang dan - meningkat
( ; decreases and 6 decreases
4 1 berkurang dan - berkurang
11. &hich circuit is used to determine the resistance 9 of a resistor'
5itar manakah yang digunakan untuk menentukan rintangan 0 sebuah perintang"
12. &hich of the graph of current ; against voltage 6 for a filament lamp'
Graf manakah mewakili arus elektrik! 1 lawan /oltan! - bagi filament lampu"
1. The graph of the potential different 6 against the current ; for a conductor is as shown below.
Graf be6a keupayaan ! - lawan arus elektrik! 1 bagi satu konduktor adalah seperti di bawah.
&hich of the following is the correct statement'
,enyataan manakah yang betul"
A The conductor obeys ?hm@s law.
A ,onduktor mematuhi #ukum 7hm.
B The resistance of the conductor increases when the current increases.
B 0intangan konduktor meningkat apabila arus elektrik meningkat.
C The resistance of the conductor decreases when the potential difference increases.
C 0intangan konduktor berkurang apabila be6a keupayaan meningkat.
1". The figure shows three pieces of tungsten wire =. > and A. = and > have same cross0sectional
area A. but length of > is twice that of =. > and A have the same length 2B. but cross sectional
area of A is twice that of >.
Gambar rajah menunjukkan tiga utas dawai tungsten 2! 3 adan 8. 2 dan 3 mempunyai luas
keratin rentas A! tetapi panjang 3 adalah dua kali ganda 2. 3 dan 8 mempunyai panjang yang
sama iaitu +5! tetapi luas keratan rentas 8 adalah dua kali 3.
The resistance of the wires are 94. 9y and 9C respectively then
0intangan wayar bagi 09! 0y dan 06 masing-masing ialah
A 94 D 9y D 9C
B 94 E 9y E 9C
C 94 / 9y D 9C
( 94 / 9y E 9C
7. <eries and parallel circuit
1). ;n the circuit shown below. if the reading of the voltmeter = is +.3 6. what is the reading of the
voltmeter >'
4alam litar di bawah! jika bacaan /oltmeter 2 ialah (.) -. berapakah bacaan -oltmeter 3"
A .3 6
B ".3 6
C +.3 6
( :.3 6
E 12 6
1+. Two identical resistors of resistance "F are connected to a battery of negligible resistance shown.
4ua perintang yang sama rintangan iaitu :; disambung kepada bateri yang diabaikan
rintangan dalamnya.
The current from the battery is + A. what is the e.m.f of the battery'
Arus elektrik daripada bateri ialah ( A. Berapakah daya gerak elektrik bateri"
A 1.) 6
B .3 6
C + 6
( 12 6
E 2" 6
17. Two resistors of resistance 2F and "F are connected in parallel as shown in the circuit. The
current in the resistors are as shown.
4ua perintang yang mempunyai rintangan + ; dan : ; disambung secara selari di dalam litar.
Arus elektrik dalam perintang adalah seperti ditunjukkan.
&hat is the current ; in the "F resistor'
Berapakah arus elektrik 1 yang mengalir dalam perintang : ;"
A 1 A
B 2 A
C " A
( ) A
E 5 A
15. &hen the switch < is open. the reading of the ammeter in the circuit shown below is "A.
Apabila suis S dibuka! bacaan ammeter di dalam ialah :A.
&hat is the ammeter reading after the switch < is closed'
Berapakah bacaan ammeter selepas suis S ditutup"
A 2 A
B A
C " A
( + A
E 12 A
1:. ;n the circuit shown below. the e.m.f of the battery is + 6 and its internal resistance is negligible.
4alam gambar rajah di bawah! daya gerak elektrik bateri ialah (- dan rintangan dalam
diabaikan.
&hat is the ammeter reading'
Berapakah bacaan ammeter"
A 3.+3 A
B 3.72 A
C 1.3 A
( .3 A
23. The circuit shows two resistors connected in parallel.
5itar menunjukkan dua perintang disambung secara selari.
The possible values of the current ;1. ;2 and ; are
'ilai yang mungkin bagi arus elektrik 1*! 1+ dan 1< ialah
A
B
C
(
;1 ;2 ;
1) A 13 A ) A
1) A ) A 13 A
13 A ) A ) A
23 A 13 A 13 A
1A1E9 2.
<ECT;?2 A.
1. A student uses the circuit shown in *igure 1 to determine the resistance of a piece of constantan
wire.
Seorang pelajar menggunakan litar yang ditunjukkan dalam 0ajah ( untuk menentukan
rintangan seutas dawai konstantan.
*igure 1
0ajah *
(a) 2ame the apparatus of = and >'
'amakan alat radas 2 dan 3"
,i- = G
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
.
,ii- > G
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
.
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
(b) 7ow is the resistance of the wire calculated from the readings of the apparatus = and >'
Bagaimanakah rintangan dawai dihitung daripada bacaan alat radas 2 dan 3"
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
,c- ;dentify the component labeled 1. and what is its use in the circuit'
,enal pasti komponen berlabel &! dan namakan kegunaannya dalam litar"
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
(d) (ifferent length l of the wire is connected between the points A and B. and the corresponding
resistance 0 of the wire is calculated.
&anjang dawai l yang berbe6a disambung antara A dan B! dan seterusnya rintangan dawai 0
dihitung.
0
3 l
?n the a4es above. s%etch the graph to show how the the resistance 0 of the wire depends on
its length.
4i atas paksi berikut! lakarkan graf bagi menunjukkan rintangan dawai 0 bergantung
kepada panjangnya.
I1 mar%J* markahK
2. The circuit in *igure 2 shows two resistors of the same resistance 0 connected to a battery of
negligible internal resistance. ;nitially. the switch < is open while the ammeter and voltmeter
readings are 3.23 A and 1.+ 6 respectively.
5itar dalam 0ajah + menunjukkan dua perintang yang sama nilai rintangan 0 disambung pada
bateri yang diabaikan rintangan dalamnya. Semasa suis S dibuka! bacaan ammeter dan
/oltmeter masing-masing ialah ).+) A dan *.( -.
*igure 2
0ajah +
,a- Calculate the resistance 9 of one of the resistors.
#itung rintangan 0 bagi salah satu perintang.
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
,b- The sliding contact 1 of the variable resistor is moved to the end =. e4plain what happens to
&enyentuh & bagi perintang boleh laras digerakkan ke hujung 2. =erangkan apa yang
berlaku kepada
,i- The reading of the ammeter
Bacaan ammeter
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
,ii- The reading of the voltmeter
Bacaan /oltmeter
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
I" mar%sJ: markahK
,c- The switch < is then closed.
Sui6 S ditutup.
,i- ;f the resistance of the two resistors are e!ual to the value you calculated in ,a-. what is
the effective resistance when < is closed'
>ika rintangan bagi dua perintang adalah sama dengan nilai yang dihitung di $a%!
berapakah rintangan berkesan apabila suis S ditutup"
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
,ii- 7ow would the readings of the ammeter and the voltmeter change compared to before the
switch < is closed'
Bagaimanakah bacaan ammeter dan /oltmeter berubah jika dibandingkan sebelum suis
S ditutup"
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
I2 mar%sJ+ markahK
<ECT;?2 A
1A1E9
1. A student carries out an e4periment to investigate the relationship between the resistance. 0. of a
wire and the length. 5. of the wire.
(iagram 1.1 shows the circuit used in the e4periment.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara rintangan! 0!
bagi seutas dawai dengan panjang! 5! bagi dawai itu.
0ajah *.* menunjukkan litar yang digunakan dalam eksperimen itu.
(;A#9AL 1.1 J 0A>A# *.*
The position of the sliding contact is ad$usted until the length of the wire in the circuit. 5 / 23.3
cm. The rheostat is ad$usted to obtain a suitable current. The current. 1 and the potential
difference. -. across the wire are measured by an ammeter and voltmeter respectively. (iagram
1.2 shows the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter.
The procedure is repeated for lengths of the wire. 5 / 3.3 cm. "3.3 cm. )3.3 cm and +3.3 cm.
The corresponding readings of the ammeter and voltmeter are shown in (iagrams 1.. 1.". 1.)
and 1.+.
,edudukan bagi sesentuh gelongsor dilaraskan sehingga panjang dawai dalam litar ialah 5 /
23.3 cm. 0eostat dilaraskan untuk memperoleh satu nilai arus yang sesuai. Arus! 1. dan be6a
keupayaan! -. merentasi dawai itu masing-masing diukur oleh ammeter dan /oltmeter. 0ajah *.+
menunjukkan bacaan ammeter dan /oltmeter.
&rosedur itu diulang bagi panjang dawai! 5 / 3.3 cm. "3.3 cm. )3.3 cm dan +3.3 cm. Bacaan-
bacaan sepadan bagi ammeter dan /oltmeter ditunjukkan dalam 0ajah *.<! *.:! *.. dan *.(.
A
V
<liding contact J Sesentuh gelongsor
L
&ire J 4awai
5 ? 23.3 cm
(;A#9AL 1.2 J 0A>A# *.+
5 / 3.3 cm
(;A#9AL 1. J 0A>A# *.<
V
V
V
A
A
A
5 / "3.3 cm
(;A#9AL 1." J 0A>A# *.:
5 / )3.3 cm
(iagram 1.) J 0ajah *..
5 / +3.3 cm
(iagram 1.+ J 0ajah *.(
,a- *or the e4periment described on page . identifyG
Bagi eksperimen yang diterangkan di halaman <! kenal pasti@
,i- the manipulated variable.
pembolehubah dimanipulasikan!
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
V
V
A
A
I1 markK
,ii- the responding variable.
pembolehubah bergerak balas!
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
I1 markK
,iii- a fi4ed variable.
satu pembolehubah dimalarkan.
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
I1 markK
,b- &hat is the use of the strip of mirror ne4t to the scale of the voltmeter'
Apakah kegunaan jalur cermin di sebelah skala /oltmeter itu"
HH.HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
I1 markK
,c- Based on (iagrams 1.2. 1.. 1.". 1.) and 1.+ on pages " and ). determine the current. 1
and potential difference. - for the corresponding lengths of wire. 5.
*or each value of 5. calculate the resistance. 0 of the wire.
The resistance. 0. is calculated using the formula.
1
-
0 =
Tabulate your results for 5. 1. - and 0 in the space below.
Berdasarkan 0ajah *.+! *.<! *.:! *.. dan *.( di halaman : dan .! tentukan arus! 1! be6a
keupayaan! -! yang sepadan dengan panjang dawai! 5.
0intangan! 0! dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus!
1
-
0 =
>adualkan keputusan anda bagi 5. 1. - dan 0 pada ruang di bawah.
I) marksK
,d- ?n the graph paper on 1age 7. plot a graph of 0 against 5.
&ada kertas graf di halaman A! lukiskan graf 0 melawan 5.
I) marksK
,e- Based on your graph. state the relationship between 0 and 5.
Berdasarkan graf anda! nyatakan hubungan antara 0 dan 5.
HH.HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
I1 markK
,f- <tate one precaution that should be ta%en to obtain accurate readings of -.
'yatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk mendapatkan bacaan -
yang lebih jitu.
HH.HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
HH.HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
I1 markK
#raph of 0 against 5
Graf 0 melawan 5
Answers.
Paper 1
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. V
13. B
14. C
15. D
16. D
17. A
18. D
19. D
20. B
PAPER 2
1. (a) ! "#$%&e%er
' ! a&&e%er
(b) Res(s%an)e * read(n+ #,
Read(n+ #, '
()) P ! R-e#s%a%
(() . C-an+e %-e res(s%an)e (#r )/rren%) (n %-e )(r)/(%.
. Ad0/s% 1 )#n%r#$ %-e a&#/n% #, e$e)%r() )/rren%
(d)
2. (a) R *
1
-
*
2 . 3
+ . 1
* 8.0 F
,b- ,i- ;ncreases G resistance decreases. current increases
,ii- increases G voltage across resistor increases
9esistance 9 of resistor does not change.
,c- ,i-
1
1
0
/
3 . 5
1
M
3 . 5
1
E2e)%("e res(s%an)e3 R1 * 4.0 F
((() Ammeter reading increases and voltmeter readings
PAPER 3
(i) State the correct manipulated variable
4en+%- 1 L ------------------------------------------------------------------[1 mark]
(ii) State the correct responding variable
Res(s%an)e 1 R 11 P#%en%(a$ d(2eren)e 1 V 11 C/rren% 1 I ------------------------------
[1 mark]
(iii) State one fxed variable correctly
D(a&e%er #, %-e w(re 11 Cr#ss.se)%(#na$ area #, %-e w(re 11 56pe #, w(re ......
71 &ar89
(b)State the correct use o the mirror
A"#(d para$$a: err#r ........................................71 &ar89
(c)!abulate L, I, V and R correctly
A Columns L, I, V and R
" Correct units for I, V and R
# All values of I correct
L 1 )& I 1 A V 1 V R 1 ;
20.0 0.36 0.4 1.11
30.0 0.42 0.7 1.67
40.0 0.50 1.1 2.20
50.0 0.62 1.7 2.74
60.0 0.70 2.3 3.29
$ All values of I consistent to 2 d.p.
E All values of V correct
% All values of V consistent to 1 or 2 d.p.
& All values of R correct
' All values of R consistent to 2, or ! d.p.
<#%e ,#r & ! A))ep% e.).,. ,r#& # and E
(ar)s a*arded +
</&ber #, =ar8s
8 5
6 . 7 4
4 . 5 3
2 . 3 2
1 1
!otal mar)s + ,
(d)>("e a %()8 () based #n %-e ,#$$#w(n+
A R a% %-e ".a:(s3 L a% %-e #.a:(s
" C#rre)% /n(%s a% b#%- a:es
# ?n(,#r& s)a$e a% b#%- a:es
$ 5 p#(n%s p$#%%ed )#rre)%$6
7-ote + 3 or . points plotted correctly ! 9
E Bes% s%ra(+-% $(ne
% =(n(&/& s(@e #, +rap- 5 : 4 b(+ sA/ares
(B(+ sA/are + 2 )& : 2 )&)
(Br#& %-e #r(+(n %# %-e $as% p#(n%)
(ar)s a*arded +
</&ber #, =ar8s
7 5
5.6 4
3.4 3
2 2
1 1
!otal mar)s ! 5
%or a straight line *ith positive gradient passing through the origin/
Res(s%an)e (s d(re)%$6 pr#p#r%(#na$ %# $en+%- 1 R d(re)%$6 pr#p#r%(#na$ %# L 1 5 0
..................71 &ar89
%or a straight line *ith positive gradient that does not pass through the
origin/
Res(s%an)e (n)reases $(near$6 w(%- $en+%-
State one suitable precaution
C-e)8 %-e "#$%&e%er ,#r @er# err#r and &a8e @er# ad0/s%&en% 11 P#s(%(#n #, %-e e6e
s/)- %-a% %-e (&a+e #, %-e p#(n%er (n %-e &(rr#r (s b$#)8ed b6 %-e p#(n%er %# a"#(d
para$$a: err#r........................71 &ar89