Peter Walsworth

History of Art Song

Final Exam
1. The German Lieder boom that came about with the wors of Schubert were hea!ily de"endent
on the "iano#s "laying$ Schubert#s songs were not full of sim"le chords su""lied merely to
accom"any the !ocal line% nor were they sim"lified !ersions of what would ha!e been
orchestral or &uartet based wors' instead% Schubert wrote s"ecifically for the "iano and !oice%
gi!ing the tas of telling the story and con!eying the emotion to both$ This style was taen to
heart by others and continued in the wors of Schumann and Wolf as they made sure that the
storytelling was not left to any one "art alone but that both the accom"animent and the melody
were e&ual "artners in crafting the narrati!e for their audiences$
2. While the "iano "art in the French m(lodie began as a sim"le accom"animent% it began to
e!ol!e into more with the wor of Gounod$ He made the line act alongside the !oice% often
taing and continuing% connecting% or com"leting the line of the singer$ Soon% with inno!ations
from com"osers such as )u"arc% Faur(% and )ebussy% the m(lodie truly came into its own$ The
!ocal line was no longer necessarily the "redominant "art$ *ften% the "iano#s "laying was more
highlighted and more im"ortant to the song$ )u"arc#s music e!entually includes sur"rising
dissonances and com"licated rhythms$ Faur( used a !ery limited !ocal range% but beautiful
harmonies to bring his songs to life' and )ebussy threw a number of rules out the window as he
wrote for the "ianist rich% nontraditional chords that hel"ed to mae u" thic and "ictures&ue
wa!es of sound% unlie the com"osition that had been done before him$
3. Song Composers
a+ Finland , -ean Sibelius ./0123/425+
b+ 6orway , Ed!ard Grieg ./0783/495+
c+ Former :;echoslo!aia 3 Anton<n )!o=> ./07/3/497+
d+ ?9
th
:entury @taly , *ttorino Aes"ighi ./0543/481+
4. Peter Warloc was nown for his beautiful melodies and creating a decidedly English style$ He
was hea!ily influenced by the many transcri"tions he did of early music and thus his music
often too on some of these characteristics' seeming often to be contra"untal and !ery ordered$
5. @t is sad that Gerald Fin;i looed at himself as an outsider in both the musical and geogra"hical
world$ He was !ery intros"ecti!e and did not see his wor as es"ecially notable% thining it
would be forgotten within a few decades of his death$ He mo!ed away from the city at one
"oint to wor in isolation% but e!entually he mo!ed bac to a more central location because of
the greater "racticality of interacting with "eo"le there$
6. Britten#s musical language was !ery so"histicated and modern% but there were a few notable
as"ects that set his world a"art$ First% the !ocal and "iano lines did not always flow together in
the same way that they had in the Aomantic era% instead acting as almost entirely se"arate but
com"limentary forces$ He also used a great amount of dissonant chords in his writing$ His
setting of text howe!er% was fantastic and the words flowed in the music as they would ha!e in
s"oen dialogue$
7. Both George :hadwic and Amy Beach were members of the Second 6ew England School$
8. Arthur Farwell established the Wa3Wan Press$
9. 6adia Boulanger taught at Longy from /480 , /477$ *ne of her students% Walter Piston% went
on to teach at Longy$