CASTRO, Kevin Cedrick R.

2010-06974
B SE CA-English and SPED EDSP 102
Developmental Milestones and Disabilities that Can Affect the Individuals Development
Age
Physical
Cognitive Language Social/Emotional Self-help
Fine Motor Skills Gross Motor Skills
0 month
Purposeful grasp

Transfer objects from
hand to hand

Plays with fingers,
hands and toes

Holds and manipulates
objects; sucks on
everything!

Can grab at objects
(by 6 months)

Can smile at self in
mirror (by 5 months)
Head at 90 degree
angle, uses arms to
prop

Visually track through
midline

Roll over

Head lag disappears

Plays with feet

Exercises body by
stretching, moving

Touch genitals, rock
on stomach for
pleasure

Usually responds to
objects or faces as
they move

Reacts to sound of
voices, rattle or bell
Listens attentively to
sounds and voices (by
1 month)

Cries deliberately for
assistance (by 1
month)

Coordinates eye
movements (by 2
months)

Discovers hands and
feet as extension of
self (by 3 months)

Likes to repeat
enjoyable acts (by 4
months)

Recognizes and
responds to name (by
5 months)

Studies objects intently
(by 6 months)
Reacts to loud sounds

Calms down or smiles
when spoken to

Recognizes your voice
and calms down if
crying

When feeding, starts or
stops sucking in
response to sound

Coos and makes
pleasure sounds

Has a special way of
crying for different
needs

Smiles when he or she
sees you
Reacts to discomfort
and pain

Recognizes parents
voice

Makes eye contact

Shows affection by
looking, waving,
kicking and smiling

Shows feelings of
security when held or
talked to

Expresses delight

May form attachment
to one special object

Laughs when tickled

Builds trust when cries
are answered


Can coordinately suck
when they are
breastfeeding or
drinking formulae milk
through a nipple
artificial

1 month
2 months

Has already been able
to open their mouth
when see breast or
nipple artificial

3 months

Show their interest or
enthusiasm feeling
when seeing mothers
breast (ASI) or nipple
artificial
4 months
Follows sounds with
his or her eyes

Responds to changes

Start to place their toys
into their mouth
5 months

Vocalizes to
him/herself, people
and toys

Can raise him/herself
up on forearms (while
on tummy) and hold
head up

Rolls from back to
tummy (by 4-6
months)
in the tone of your
voice

Notices toys that make
sounds

Pays attention to music

Babbles in a speech-
like way and uses
many different sounds,
including sounds that
begin with p, b, and m

Laughs

Babbles when excited
or unhappy

Makes gurgling sounds
when alone or playing
with you
May begin to cling to
primary caregiver

Put their both hands
on mothers breast or
bottle when milk-
feeding.

6 months

Able to hold their
bottle by themselves.

Able to feed
themselves by using
their thumb and finger
tips.

Start to be able to hold
the spoon and try to
feed themselves.

Drink water or milk
from the covered cup
or directly drink it from
the open cup by sips
via the edge of the
cup.
7 months
Raking with hands

Finger-thumb
opposition

Eye-hand
coordination, but
no hand preference

Transfers toys from
hand to hand


Sits in tripod

Push head and torso
up off the floor

Support weight on
legs

Gets to and from
sitting

Crawls, pulls to
standing

Anticipates events (by
7 months)

Finds hidden objects
(by 10 months)

Can point to body parts

Puts nesting toys
together correctly

Develops expectations
about familiar events

Enjoys playing peek-a-
boo and pat-a-cake

Turns and looks in the
direction of sounds

Listens when spoken
to

Understands words for
common items such as
cup, shoe, or juice


Enjoys being near
people and played with

No longer smiles
indiscriminately

Responds gaily to play
interactions with others

Cries, smiles, kicks,
coos, laughs to attract
social attention

8 months
9 months

Stooping and
recovering

Learns to crawl, stand
up and walk

Sits without support
(by 8 months)

Sees almost
everything with good
vision

Begins to cruise and
eventually walk


Waves bye-bye
Responds to requests
(Come here or Want
more?)

Babbles using long and
short groups of sounds
(tata, upup, bibibi)

Babbles to get and
keep attention

Communicates using
gestures such as
waving or holding up
arms

Imitates different
speech sounds

Has one or two words
(Hi, dog, Dada, or
Mama) by first
birthday
Responds differently to
strangers (stranger
anxiety by 8 months)

Shouts for attention
(by 8 months); rejects
confinement

Cries if other child
cries
10 months

Pays attention to
his/her own name

Recognizes different
tones of voice and
responds

Able to interpret the
emotional expression
of familiar adults

Copies simple actions
of others

Recognizes himself as
an individual apart
from mother

Learning to cooperate;
shows guilt at
wrongdoing

Actively seeks to
maintain interactions
with adult
11 11.9 months

Displays separation
anxiety when apart
from mother

Tries to alter mother's
plans through
persuasion or protest

Teases and tests
parental limits

Can demonstrate
affection

Discriminates positive
and negative attention

1 1.6 year
Picks up small objects
with pointer finger and
thumb

Turns pages in a book

Can build a tower of
cubes

Can throw a ball

Walks well

Can walk while holding
an object

More complex motor
skills

Identifies family
members in
photographs

Enjoys cause and
effect-relationship

Is able to make
choices between clear
alternatives

Begins to solve
problems

Remembers more

Knows a few parts of
the body and can point
to them when asked

Follows simple
commands (Roll the
ball) and understands
simple questions
(Wheres your shoe?)

Enjoys simple stories,
songs, and rhymes

Points to pictures,
when named, in books
Prefers to keep
caregiver in sight while
exploring environment

Demands personal
attention

May reveal
stubbornness

Unable to share

Responds to simple
requests

Eating
Feed him/herself with
a spoon.
Hold a cup by the
handles.
Drink from a cup, with
little spilling.
Play with food.
1.6 2 years Can draw scribbles
Kicks backward and
forward

Stands on a balance
beam

Walks up stairs with
help; learns to climb
up stairs first, then
down

Runs well

Enjoys riding small-
wheeled riding toys

Sorts shapes and
colors

Mimics adult behavior

Points to and names
objects

Refers to self by name

Learns by helping

Learns concepts such
as size, shape and
weight as he/she
moves and plays with
objects in the
environment.

Acquires new words on
a regular basis

Uses some one- or
two-word questions
(Where kitty? or Go
bye-bye?)

Puts two words
together (More cookie
or No juice)

Uses many different
consonant sounds at
the beginning of words
Is possessive


Begins to show
empathy

Reveals a sense of
trust

Begins to play next to
children

Shows emotions of
pride and
embarrassment

May dawdle

Engages in
imaginative play

Tests limits of behavior

Performs for an
audience
Suck from a straw.
Begin to chew food
with mouth closed.
Give up nursing or
drinking from a bottle
near the age of two
years.
Drinks from a straw
Dressing
Take off hat.
Take off socks.
Take off shoes when
the laces are undone.
Unzip large zippers.
Grooming
Enjoy trying to brush
teeth.
Wash and dry hands
with help.
Household
Help with simple
2 2.6 years

Improving fine
motor skills and
eye-hand
coordination: cut
with scissors, draw
shapes

Strings large beads

Holds scissors

Rule of Three: 3 yrs: 3
ft, 33 lbs.

Weight gain: 4-5 lbs
per year

Growth: 3-4 inches
per year

Physically active,

Comprehends size

Beginning to
understand time
sequences (e.g. before
lunch)

Matches shapes and
colors


Has a word for almost
everything

Uses two- or three-
word phrases to talk
about and ask for
things

Uses k, g, f, t, d, and n
sounds

Has a strong sense of
ownership

May begin cooperative
play

May show need for
security object

Is becoming more
2.6 3 years
correctly

Zips and snaps


cant sit still for long

Clumsy throwing
balls

Refines complex
skills: hopping,
jumping, climbing,
running, ride big
wheels and tricycles

Walks backwards

Can balance on one
foot (by 3 years)

Learns to use the
potty, most are toilet-
trained

Walks up and down
stairs independently
Counts and
manipulates objects

Is beginning to think
about consequences

Is able to concentrate
for longer periods of
time

Speaks in a way that is
understood by family
members and friends

Names objects to ask
for them or to direct
attention to them
independent household tasks
Push and pull doors
open and shut.
3 3.9 years

Hears you when you
call from another room

Hears the television or
radio at the same
sound level as other
family members

Answers simple
Who? What?
Where? and Why?
questions

Talks about activities at
daycare, preschool,
or friends homes

Uses sentences with
four or more words

Speaks easily without
having to repeat
syllables or words

Completely undresses
self

Independently puts on
socks, coat, sweater,
pants

Manipulates large
buttons and snaps

Eats entire meal
independently

Uses a spoon and fork
effectively

Can pour liquid with
some assistance

Washes hands
unassisted

Learns toilet training

Wipes nose
unassisted
4 4.9 years
Can catch a beanbag

Can copy a simple
design

Uses scissors to cut a
straight line
Can hop on one foot,
skip and jump

Can catch a ball with
both hands

Comprehends special
concepts (e.g. around,
in front, high, next to)

Rote counts up to 20

Can complete a 6-8
piece puzzle

Begins to understand
time concepts

Understands simple
math concepts

Recalls main details of
a story
Pays attention to a
short story and
answers simple
questions about it

Hears and understands
most of what is said at
home and in school

Uses sentences that
give many details

Tells stories that stay
on topic

Communicates easily
with other children and
adults

Says most sounds
correctly except for a
few (l, s, r, v, z, ch, sh,
and th)

Uses rhyming words

Names some letters
and numbers

Uses adult grammar

Uses possessives

Uses double negatives

Joins sentences
Enjoys being with
other children

Has an increased drive
for independence

Expresses anger more
dramatically

Is aware of social
approval or
disapproval

Performs for others

Has pride in personal
accomplishments

Develops sex role
identification

Begins taking turns
and negotiating

Can cut with a knife
independently

Can put shoes on right
feet; tie shoes

Knows clothing front
from back

Toileting fully
independent

Brushes teeth
independently

Buttons front buttons

Feeds self with fork
(held with fingers).

Zips separating front
zipper.

5 5.9 years

Follows up to 4 step
directions

Uses third person

Tells simple jokes

Has a 2000 word
vocabulary
6 years Ties shoe laces.
Learns to skip with
rope.

Draws with precision
and to detail.

Developing reading
skills well.

May write
independently.

Fluent speech.

Can pronounce
majority of the sounds
of his/her own
language.

Talk fluently and with
confidence.
Stubborn and
demanding

Eager for fresh
experiences

May be quarrelsome
with friends.

Able to perform and
complete routine
chores such as
sweeping floors or
cleaning desks with
much more accuracy
Enjoys many activities
and stays busy
Likes to paint and
draw
Can already eat by
him/herself
Bathe all by himself

7 years
Hand-eye coordination
is becoming even
more refined

Able to write and draw
with control and
precision


Grows 2 to 2.5 inches

Can perform more
difficult movements
such as standing in
one place while
twisting, turning, or
spinning

Can combine motor
skills such as running
and kicking a ball
(such as in soccer) or
performing dances to
music

More interested in
complicated projects
because they have
greater attention span

Uses serious,
logical thinking;

Is thoughtful and
reflective

Able to understand
reasoning and
Uses a vocabulary of
several thousand
words

Begins to grasp that
letters represent the
sounds that form words
Desires to be
perfect and is quite
self-critical

Worries more; may
have low self-
confidence

Tends to complain;
has strong
emotional reactions

Understands the
difference between

Able to ride a bicycle
without training wheels
make the right
decisions

Can tell time;
knows the days,
months, and
seasons

Can describe
points of similarity
between two
objects

Able to solve more
complex problems

Individual learning
style becomes
more clear-cut

right and wrong

Takes direction
well; needs
punishment only
rarely

Avoids and
withdraws from
adults

Is a better loser
and less likely to
place blame

Waits for her turn
in activities

Starts to feel guilt
and shame

8 years old
Finger control is
quite refined

Stamina increases

Can run and swim
further


Seeks to
understand the
reasons for things

Begins to feel
competent in skills
and have
preferences for
some activities and
Can converse at an
almost adult level

Reading may be a
major interest


Has strong need
for love and
understanding,
especially from
mother

Can be helpful,
cheerful, and
pleasant as well as

Dresses and grooms
self completely

Can use tools (i.e.,
hammer, screwdriver)

Can already eat by
himself/herself

Can do almost all
subjects

Thinking is
organized and
logical

Begins to
recognize concept
of reversibility
(4+2=6 and 6-2=4)
rude, bossy, and
selfish

May be quite
sensitive and
overly dramatic

Emotions change
quickly

Impatient; finds
waiting for special
events torturous

Makes friends
easily; develops
close friends of
same sex

Favors group play,
clubs, and team
sports; wants to
feel part of a group

More influenced by
peer pressure

Can be obsessed
with, and motivated
by money

household chores

Bathe all by himself
9 years old
Have stronger and
smoother muscle
control,

May experience
the beginnings of
puberty.

May also be more
susceptible to
body image
issues.

Increased coordination

Pushes self to physical
limits

Fatigues easily

Numerous injuries

Somatic complaints

Tension outlets such
as nail-biting, hair-
twisting, lip-pursing

Are incredibly
curious about the
world around them,
and may want to
research topics that
interest them.

Have longer
attention spans and
will tend to spend
lots of time on
activities and
subjects that they
are excited about.

Able to think
critically, and may
want to share their
opinions about
things.

Read and write
increasingly more
complicated texts

Learn how to work
with multiple digits,
geometry, and data
organization in
math.

Growth of Language
Patterns Used:
Descriptive
Loves vocabulary
and language
play and
information
Baby-talk
sometimes re-
emerges
Use of hyperbole
Age of negatives;
I hate it, I
cant, boring,
yeah right
Dirty jokes
Graffiti


Are more
emotionally mature

Are better able to
handle conflicts
and frustrations.

More independent,
and will be
emotionally more
ready to socialize
without their
parents (such as at
sleepovers at
friends' houses).

Have a strong
desire to belong to
a group and to fit
in, and may be
more susceptible to
peer influence and
peer pressure

May be more
moody and feel
more stress and
pressure, and will
rely upon the
support and love
provided by
parents.
10 years old
Handwriting often
sloppier than at nine

Large muscle
development

Needs outdoor time
and physical challenge

Snacks and rest
periods helpful for
growing bodies

Memorizing details
productively

Increased ability to
abstract

Likes rules and
logic

Classification and
collections of
interest; likes to
organize

Able to
concentrate, read
for extended
periods

Good problem
solvers

Proud of Academic
products
Good listeners, actively
receptive

Voracious readers

Expressive, talkative,
like to explain
Fairness issues peak
and can be solved

Quick to anger quick
to forgive

Generally content

Works well in groups

Enjoys both family and
peers

Likes clubs, sports,
and activities

Usually truthful;
developing more
mature sense of right
and wrong, good at
solving social issues

Cooperative and
competitive


Can accomplish tasks
in a shorter time due
to longer attention
span

Can do all things by
him/herself

Can discriminate
dangers when
engaging in an activity

11 years old
Fine motor capability is
good
Vast appetite for food
and physical activity

Growth spurt of early
adolescence for some
girls

Constant motion;
restless

More illness: colds, flu,
ear infections

Need for more sleep

Physical aggression
not uncommon
Prefers new tasks and
experiences to
reflection or revision of
previous work

Able to abstract

Deductive reasoning
advances

Can establish and
modify rules, develop
hypotheses

Increased ability to de-
center and see world
from various
perspectives

Loves to argue
Impulsive talks
before thinking

Can be cruel or harsh
with words

Argumentative; debater

Appreciates humor

Imitates adult language
Moody; sensitive

Oppositional; tests
limits

Often does best away
from home

Impulsive; rude;
unaware

Loves to argue

Difficulty with decisions

Self-absorbed

Extremes of emotion

Inclusion/exclusion;
height of cliques;
seeks to belong

12 years old
High Energy

Much Rest needed

Growth spurt:
signs of puberty

Menstruation for
majority of girls

Food important,
Increased ability to
abstract in intellectual
pursuits

May show emerging
ability in a particular
skill or content area

Can and will see both
sides to an argument

High interest in current
events, politics, social
Sarcasm emerges

Double meanings,
word play, jokes of
intellectual interest

Enjoys conversation
with adults and peers

Peer vocabulary
(slang) important


Adult personality
begins to emerge

More reasonable,
tolerant than at 11

Enthusiastic,
uninhibited

Will initiate own activity

Empathetic
especially mid-
morning in school

Physical education
and sports valued
justice; also pop
culture, materialism

Research and study
skills advance with
increase of
organizational
discipline

Self-aware, insightful

Can set realistic goals
in the short term

Appears secure

Peers more important
than teachers and
parents




References:
http://www.parentingme.com/1yrshelp.htm
http://childparenting.about.com/od/physicalemotionalgrowth/tp/Child-Development-Your-Nine-Year-Old-Child.htm
http://childparenting.about.com/od/physicalemotionalgrowth/tp/Child-Development-Your-Nine-Year-Old-Child.htm
http://www.child-development-guide.com/child-development-milestone.html
http://childparenting.about.com/od/physicalemotionalgrowth/a/Your-7-Year-Old-Child-Physical-Development.htm
http://www.greatschools.org/special-education/health/731-developmental-milestones-your-7-year-old-child.gs
http://www.greatschools.org/special-education/health/903-developmental-milestones-your-8-year-old-child.gs





Red Flags for the Development for Each Area until Age 5
Age
Physical
Cognitive Language Social/Emotional Self-help
Fine Motor Skills Gross Motor Skills
1 month
2 months
3 months
Persistent fisting
(hypertonia)
Rolling prior to 3
months (hypertonia)

4 months
5 months
6 months
Hands frequently
clenched (motor,
visual, and/or cognitive
deficits, neuromuscular
disorder)
Not reaching for and
holding (grasping) toys
(motor, visual, and/or
cognitive deficits)
Not rolling
Not holding head and
shoulders up when on
tummy
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders)
No visual tracking
(visual impairment)
No response to sounds
(hearing impaired)
Not beginning to
repeat actions to elicit
pleasurable results
Avoids close contact or
cuddling
Inconsolable at night
Difficult self
soothing/regulating
Doesn't attempt to
attract attention
No interest in games
like peek-a-boo
Not starting to babble
(hearing deficit)
Does not smile or
squeal in response to
people (visual loss,
attachment problems,
maternal depression)

7 months
W-sitting and bunny
hopping (spasticity or
hypotonia)

Absent stranger
anxiety

8 months
9 months
Unable to hold and/or Not sitting without

No gestures (e.g.
pointing, showing,
Not sharing enjoyment
with others using eye

release toys
Cannot move toy from
one hand to another
Persistence of
primitive reflexes
(neuromotor disorders)
support
Not moving (e.g.
creeping, crawling)
Does not take weight
well on legs when held
by an adult

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
waving)
Not using 2-part
babbles (e.g. mama,
dada)
contact or facial
expressions (autism,
vision impairment)
10 months
Not sitting
independently
Not crawling
("commando" crawling-
-moving across the
floor on his belly)

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)

Inability to localize
sound (unilateral
hearing loss)

11 months
12 months
Majority of nutrition is
still puree/liquid
Cannot chew solid
food
Unable to pick up
small items using
index finger and thumb
Not creeping (on all
fours, what is typically
called "crawling")
Not sitting upright in a
child-sized chair
Not pulling to stand
Not crawling or bottom
Doesn't search for
hidden/removed
objects (intellectual
disability)
Continues to problem
solve using repetition
actions rather than trial
and error (intellectual
No babbled phrases
that sound like talking (
No response to familiar
words (articulation
disorder)

Not performing for
social attention
(autism, sensorial
disorders)
Does not notice
someone new
(intellectual disability,
autism, sensorial

shuffling
Not standing holding
on to furniture

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
disability, learning
disability)
Not anticipating effects
of actions (knocking
over blocks)
(intellectual disability,
learning disability,
autism, ADHD)
Not using toys for
intended purposes
functional play
(intellectual disability)
Not showing interest in
children her age
(autism,behavioral
problems)
Extreme difficulty
waiting for desired item
(ADHD)
Rigidity regarding
routine, food items,
clothing, etc. (autism)
Limited or fleeting eye
contact
(communication
disorder, autism)
Persistent mouthing of
objects (intellectual
disability)
impairment)
Does not play early
turn-taking games
(autism)
13 months
14 months
Not standing alone
(neuromuscular

Not feeding him/herself
disorders) finger foods
15 months
Not imitating body
action on a doll (i.e.,
kiss the baby, feed the
baby) (visually
impaired, autism,
intellectual disabilities)
Lack of consonant
production (mild
hearing loss,
production problems)
Does not use at least 3
words (hearing
impaired, intellectual
disability)

Not attempting to use
a spoon
Not picking up and
drinking from a regular
open cup
Not able to pull off hat,
socks or mittens on
request
16 months
Lack of imitation
(hearing loss, cognition
problems, autism)

17 months
18 months
Not holding or
scribbling with crayons
(dysgraphia,
intellectual disabilities)
Does not attempt to
tower blocks
(behavioral problems,
intellectual disabilities)
Hand dominance
(contralateral
weakness)
Not attempting to walk
without assistance
Not standing alone

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
Doesn't understand
function of common
objects (intellectual
disability)
Continues to mouth or
use
sensory/exploratory
tactics to play
(intellectual disability)
Constantly moving
from one item to
another/inability to
attend for brief periods
(ADHD)
Requires constant
attention to remain
engaged (ADHD)
Lack of protodeclarative pointing (problem in
social relatedness)

No clear words
(articulation disorder,
hearing impairment)
Cannot understand
short requests
(intellectual disability,
hearing impairment,
receptive disorders)
Does not say mama,
dada or other names
(articulation disorder,
hearing impairment,
intellectual disability)
Lacks interest in
playing and interacting
with others (autism,
behavioral problems)
19 months
Not attempting to wash
own hands or face
20 months
21 months
22 months
Advanced
noncommunicative
speech (echolalia)
(autism)

Not assisting with
dressing tasks
(excluding clothes
fasteners)
23 months
24 months
Inability to walk up and
down stairs
Unable to run
Unable to throw a ball

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
Does not have at least
50 words, and use at
least 25 (intellectual
disabilities)
Not putting words
together, e.g. push car
Most of what is said is
not easily understood

(communication
disorders, receptive,
production and
articulation problems)
Not imitating actions
and movements
(autism)
Not engaging in
pretend play (autism)
Not showing interest in
children her age
(autism, behavioral
problems)
Extreme difficulty
waiting for desired
items (ADHD)
Too passive (autism,
inert behavioral
problems)
No interest in self-care
skills, e.g. feeding,
dressing
25 months
26 months
27 months
Not able to match two
sets of objects by item
(i.e., blocks in one
container and people
in another) (intellectual
disability, learning

disability)
Not able to imitate a
model from memory
(i.e., show me how you
brush your teeth)
(intellectual disability,
autism, ADHD)
28 months
29 months
30 months
Not jumping
(neuromuscular
disorders)
Not independent on
stairs (up and down)
(neuromotor or
neuromuscular
disorders)

No 2-word
spontaneous phrases

31 months
Not able to match two
sets of objects by color
(visual impairment,
intellectual disability,
down syndrome)

32 months
33 months
34 months
Not able to deliberately
undo large buttons,
snaps and shoelaces
35 months
3 years
Difficulty manipulating
small objects e.g.
Not running well
Cannot kick or throw a
Not demonstrating
simple categorization
Speech difficult to
understand
Extreme difficulty
separating from parent
Difficulty helping with
self-care skills (e.g.
threading beads
(cerebral palsy,
dysgraphia)
ball
Cannot jump with 2
feet together

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
(learning disability,
intellectual disabilities)
Not using simple
sentences e.g. big car
go
Does not ask by name
for objects
Repeats phrases in
response to questions
Not initiating or
reciprocating simple
interactions with
children her age
Abnormal aggression
Not interested in
pretend play
Difficulties in noticing
and understanding
feelings in themselves
and others
feeding, dressing)
4 years
Unable to use pencils
in scribbling or drawing
(dysgraphia,
intellectual disabilities)
Cannot pedal a tricycle
Cannot catch, kick or
throw a ball
Cannot balance well
standing on one leg

for all included here
(neuromuscular or
neuromotor disorders,
cerebral palsy)
No understanding of
time, or recognizing
concepts like
"yesterday" and "next
summer" (dyscalculia,
intellectual disability)
Unable to draw lines
and circles
(dysgraphia,
intellectual disability)
Speech difficult to
understand
Unable to follow
direction with two steps
Unable to play games
with other children and
agree to rules
No spontaneous
singing, dancing, or
acting
Unwilling to play
cooperatively
Not toilet trained by
day
5 years
Cannot draw simple
pictures (dysgraphia,
intellectual disabilities)
Awkward when
running, walking,
climbing, and using
Cannot answer questions in a simple
conversation (articulation disorders, receptive
disorders)
Play is different than
their friends (autism)
Unable to dress him or
herself
Unable to go to the
stairs (dyspraxia,
physical impairment)
Ball skills are very
different from other
peers (neuromuscular
Unable to hop 5 times
on each foot
Unable to follow the
rules of a simple game
(behavioral problems,
intellectual disabilities)
Cannot draw simple
pictures (dysgraphia,
Concerns from teacher
about school readiness
Difficulty telling a
parent what is wrong
bathroom without
assistance
Unable to help with
simple chores
Any age

Difference between left
and right sides of body
in strength, movement,
or tone (cerebral palsy)
Loose or floppy
movements (low tone)
or stiff and tense (high
toe) (dyspraxia,
cerebral palsy)
Lack of response to
sound or visual stimuli
(sensorial
impairments)
Lack of or limited eye contact (autism, visual
impairment)
all from self-help
(intellectual disabilities,
autism, neuromotor or
neuromuscular
disorders, or lack of
training from
caregivers)

Poor interaction with
adults or other
children (behavioral
problems, autism)
Strong parental
concern
Significant loss of skills
Not achieving indicated developmental milestones


References:
http://www.fpnotebook.com/Peds/Neuro/DvlpmntlMlstn.htm
http://www.earlyinterventionsupport.com/development/cognitive/default.aspx
http://www.uic.edu/classes/sped/sped506/milestones.html
http://www.sensory-processing-disorder.com/child-developmental-checklist.html
http://www.health.qld.gov.au/rch/professionals/brochures/red_flag.pdf