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1. The key factors to consider when sizing a battery charger are the capacity of the battery bank, the daily energy usage and load pattern, the desired recharge time, and room for future expansion.
2. Loads are classified as either constant loads that are always on or irregular transient loads that require higher power for short periods. The charger should not be sized directly for transient loads.
3. An example calculation is shown to determine the required charger size based on the battery capacity, daily energy used, and desired recharge time. The recommended charger output is within 10-25% of the battery capacity.
1. The key factors to consider when sizing a battery charger are the capacity of the battery bank, the daily energy usage and load pattern, the desired recharge time, and room for future expansion.
2. Loads are classified as either constant loads that are always on or irregular transient loads that require higher power for short periods. The charger should not be sized directly for transient loads.
3. An example calculation is shown to determine the required charger size based on the battery capacity, daily energy used, and desired recharge time. The recommended charger output is within 10-25% of the battery capacity.
1. The key factors to consider when sizing a battery charger are the capacity of the battery bank, the daily energy usage and load pattern, the desired recharge time, and room for future expansion.
2. Loads are classified as either constant loads that are always on or irregular transient loads that require higher power for short periods. The charger should not be sized directly for transient loads.
3. An example calculation is shown to determine the required charger size based on the battery capacity, daily energy used, and desired recharge time. The recommended charger output is within 10-25% of the battery capacity.
1. Capacity of battery bank and possible depth of discharge ( limits to 60 % if affordable) , the lesser the DOD the longer the battery lasts. 2. Types of load and daily energy usage pattern
3. Feasible ( desired) recharge time ( normally 8 to 12 hours , or up to 24 hours )
4. Room for future expansion
All the above key factors are closely inter-related , let us start with the load first . There are two types of loads:
A. constant loads which are always on time most of time. Examples of constant loads are lighting , security system , router , CCTV camera , power adapter of wireless phone , computer and etc B. Irregular or transient loads which are of much higher power relative to constant load, but sustained for a very short period of time. Examples are engine start, motor start , fridge ,switching on constant load and etc.
Do not size charger directly to take up transient load as it will result a much larger charger than necessary. The irregular load is to be fed by the battery before it becomes a constant load.
Parameters : WH =Daily watt hour consumption =sum of (power rating of load x Hours of usage) Tc =Desired charge time in hours =8 to 12 hours V =battery system , let us limit to either 12V or 24V system Rf =recharge factor is the additional energy required to charge a battery , usually it is about 1.1 to 1.15 . It means it needs 10 to 15 % more energy to make up for what has been removed from the battery.
Example : Energy consumed by Constant load 200W for 6 hour =1200WH =1200WH/12V =100 AH =AH taken from battery Also 200 W at 12V =16.7A load Battery size = 100 AH / 0.6 DOD =177 AH --- larger than 160 AH
Desirable recharge time =8 hours
Size of battery Charger = AH ( taken out from battery) x Rf + Constant load ------------------------------------------ Desired recharge time in hr
= 100 AH x 1.15 + 16.7 A ---------------------- 8 =31 A ----- USE A 30Amp Charger
The above is only an estimate , you can juggle the desired recharge time and the battery size and the DOD .
Keep the charger output within 0.1C to 0.25C.of the battery capacity.
When you have room for expansion , you can calculate the size of charger using future load and battery capacity . But it is important to choose a battery charger with adjustable output current like our HBC chargers.
Whenever practical, choose the longest charging time , use the least DOD. If your charger has selectable output current , choose the output current that is just or slightly less than the calculated output in the above formula . .