EXPERIMENT NO.

1: PARALLEL AND SERIES CONNECTION OF

LINEAR RESISTORS

1.1. EXERCISE TITLE: RESISTANCE IN A SERIES RESISTIVE CURRENT

OBJECTIVES:
1. To determine the total resistance of a series resistive circuit
2. To verify the results with a multimeter.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1- F.A.C.E.T. Base Unit
1- DC FUNDAMENTALS Circuit Board
2- 15 Vdc Power Supply
1- Multimeter

PROCEDURE:
1. Turn off the power sources. Insert the DC FUNDAMENTALS circuit board into
the base unit. Do not turn on the power sources at this time.
2. Locate the SERIES CIRCUIT, circuit block of the DC FUNDAMENTALS
circuit board. Record the color code of R1, R2, and R3.

BAND 1 BAND 2 BAND3
R1 BROWN BLACK RED
R2 BROWN RED RED
R3 BLUE RED BROWN

3. Record the values of R1, R2, and R3.
R1 = 10x10^2 R2 = 10x10^2 R3 = 62x10
4. Calculate RT for the series circuit (RT = R+ R2+ R3).
RT = 2820

5. Measure the record the values of R1, R2, R3 and RT to ensure that the two
post connectors is not in place. (See Figure 2.1-2). Your post readings will
vary based on the tolerance of each component.
R1 = .99k R2 = 1.81k R3 = .62k RT = 2.792k

Figure 2.1-2

6. Place CM switch 1 in the on position. Measure and record the values of R1,
R2, R3, and RT.
R1 = 497 R2 = 1176 R3 = 622 RT = 2295
7. Which resistors changed and by how much? What is the total circuit
resistance?
R1 = 501 , RT = 2295
8. Place CM switch 1 in the OFF position. Place CM switch 2 in the ON position.
Measure and record the values of R1, R2, R3, and RT.
R1 = 9910 R2 = 1178 R3 = 1249 RT = 3417
9. Compare the values recorded instep 8 to those recorded in step 5. Which resistor
changed and by how much? What is the total circuit resistance?
R3 = 629 , RT = 3417
10. Place the CM switch 2 in the OFF position. Remove all circuit connection from
the DC FUNDAMENTALS circuit board.


CONCLUSION:
We conclude that in order to determine the equivalent resistance in a
series resistive circuit we must know the value of each resistors and the
equivalent resistance that can be computed as the summation of the
resistance present in the circuit or RE = R.
We conclude that in order to verify the values that weve got by reading
the band present in each resistor we used the multimeter to determine
their actual value.
We can also conclude that there are resistor present in each switches
(CM) resulting for us to get different values of resistor when different
switches was on.




















1.2. EXERCISE TITLE: RESISTANCE IN A PARALLEL RESISTIVE
CIRCUIT

OBJECTIVES:
1. To determine the equivalent resistance in a parallel resistive circuit.
2. To verify the result with a multimeter.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1- F.A.C.E.T. Base Unit
1- DC FUNDAMENTALS
2- 15 Vdc Power Supply
1- Multimeter

PROCEDURES:
1. Insert the DC FUNDAMENTALS circuit board in the case unit. Do not apply
power to the base unit.
2. Using the resistor color code, record the values of R1, R2, and R3 in the
PARALLEL CIRCUIT circuit block.
R1 = 10x10^4 R2 = 22x10^2 R3 = 57x10^2
3. Measure the record the values of R1, R2, and R3.
NOTE: Make individual resistance measurements without two-post
connectors in place.
R1 = 9870 R2 = 2147 R3 = 4620
4. Connect the circuit shown in Figure 2.2-3. Note the placementof the two-post
connection. Calculate the equivalent resistace (RE) in the parallel circuit
consisting of R1 and R2 by using the product-over-sum method.
RE = 1763.41
5. Measure and record RE. Verify that your measured value is the same as your
calculated value.
RE = 1763
6. Place CM switch 6 in the ON position. Measure and record the value of R1,
R2, and RE.
NOTE: Add or remove two-post connectors as required to measure R1 and
R2.
R1 = 9860 R2 = 2571 RE = 2040
7. Did R1 and R2 increase, decrease, or remain the same?
R1 remains the almost the same.
R2 increases.
8. How did the change in the circuit affect the equivalent resistance?
RE increased.
9. Is the equivalent resistance less than the lowest resistor value in either
branch?
Yes.
10. Place CM switch 6 in the OFF position, then correct the circuit shown in
Figure 2.2-4.

Figure 2.2-4.

11. When more than two resistors are in a parallel circuit, use the reciprocal
method to find RE. Calculate RE.
RE = 1276.27
12. Confirm your calculation by measuring and recording RE. Your calculated and
measured values may not be equal but should be nearly the same.
RE = 1277
13. Place CM switch 5 in the ON position. Measure and record RE, R1, R2, R3.
RE = 922 R1 = 2488 R2 = 2417 R3 = 4620
14. One resistance value (not including RE) has changed. Which one, and has it
increased or decreased?
R1 decreased.
15. How did this change affect the equivalent resistance of the circuit (measured
in step 13)?
RE decreased in value.
16. Is the equivalent less than the lowest resistor value of any branch?
Yes.
17. Place CM switch 5 in the OFF position. Do not remove the circuit board
connections. The F.A.C.E.T. setup will be used for a review question.

CONCLUSIONS:
We conclude that in order to determine the equivalent resistance in a
parallel resistive circuit we must know the value of each resistor and the
equivalent resistance (RE) can be connected as 1/RE = 1/RE
We can recheck it our (connected) computed RE correct by using
multimeter.
We also conclude that the value of RE must be less than the lowest value
of the resistor in the circuit.









1.3. EXERCISE TITLE: RESISTANCE IN A SERIES-PARALLEL
RESISTIVE CIRCUIT

OBJECTIVES:
1. To find the value of the total resistance in a series-parallel resistive circuit by
using Ohms law.
2. To verify the results with a multimeter.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
1- F.A.C.E.T Base Unit
1- DC FUNDAMENTALS Circuit Board
2- 15 Vdc Power Supply
1- Multimeter

PROCEDURES:
1. Insert the DC FUNDAMENTALS circuit board into the base unit. Do not turn
the power sources.
2. Locate the SERIES/PARALLEL CIRCUIT circuit block, and connect the circuit
shown in Figure 2.3-5.


Figure 2.3-5
NOTE: Do not apply power to the SERIES/PARALLEL CIRCUIT circuit block.
3. Calculate and record RE for the parallel branch circuit. RE = 800
4. Calculate and record RT for the series/parallel circuit. RT = 1120
5. Measure and record RE for the parallel branch circuit. RE = 791
6. Measure and record RT. RE = 1119
7. When more than two resistors are in a parallel branch, the reciprocal method
is used to find RE. Calculate RE and RT for the circuit in Figure 2.3-6.
RE = 617 , RT = 942.14

Figure 2.3-6

8. The circuit shown in Figure 2.3-5 is the basic series/parallel circuit. The circuit
is Figure 2.3-6 has an additional resistor, R4 that you can add by closing CM
Switch 12. Place CM switch 12 in the ON position. Measure and record the
values of RE and RT.
RE = 662 , RT = 990
9. Does adding more resistance in parallel increase or decrease the total circuit
resistance of a series/parallel circuit?
It decreases.
10. Place CM switch 12 in the OFF position.
11. Place CM switch 13 in the ON position. Record the values of R1 and RE.
R1= 1300 , RE = 800
12. Which resistor value changed, and did it increase or it decrease?
R1 increased.
13. Was this changed due to resistance added in series or in parallel?
In series or In parallel.
14. Calculate the new value of RT. RT = 2510
15. Confirm your estimated value of RT by measuring. Is it correct?
Yes.
16. Place CM switch 13 in the OFF position.
17. Place CM switch 15 in the ON position. Record the values of R1 and RE.
R1 = 323 , RE = 1181
18. Which resistance value changed, and did it increased or decreased?
R1 increased.
19. Was this changed due to resistance added in series, in parallel or neither? If
neither, was there an open or was there a short across parallel branch?
Yes, in series.
20. What will be the new value of RT? RT = 1504
21. Confirm you estimated value of RT by measuring, is it correct?
Yes, we get 1505.
22. Place CM switch 15 in the OFF position, but do not disconnect your circuit.
The F.A.C.E.T. setup will be used for a review question.