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HVDC and EHV AC

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AcomparativestudybetweenHVDCandEHVACTransmission
Systems
AniketBhattacharya
B.TechPowerSystemsEngineering
UniversityofPetroleumandEnergyStudies
Dehradun,India
AnimeshGupta
B.TechPowerSystemsEngineering
UniversityofPetroleumandEnergyStudies
Dehradun,India
Abstract--Thispaperconsistsofacomparativestudyofvariouselectrical,mechanicaland
environmentalparametersthatexistsinHVDCaswellasEHVACtransmissionsystemsandhow
theseparametersaffectboththetransmissionmodesatvariousconditionsisrepresentedhere.The
papermayprovetobeagoodbasicanswerunderthecaseswherethereisaquestionofchoice
betweenHVDCandEHVACtransmissionsystems.
Keywordsconstruction;electricalparameters;environmentalimpacts,powertransmission
capacity.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the past few years, under power transmission systems we have observed that HVDC has
increased its importance by proving itself a better mode of power delivery than various EHV AC
systems. In this paper we have shown a mild study upon various parameters that exists in both the
systems and concluding with a comparative result obtained after the study at various distances.
Basically we are focusing upon the cumulative loss that takes place in both the modes at various
locations.Theareaswherewearegoingtofocusthecomparisonareasfollows
Construction
Electricalparameters
Environmentalimpacts
II. CONSTRUCTION
Asfarasconstructionworkisconcerned,
Transmissionlineestablishmentcost =n costpertower +scostpersubstatIon
Where,
n=no.oftowers,
s=no.ofsubstations
From the above formula we can say that the transmission line project cost depends upon the
followingtwofactors:
Substationcost
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Substationcost
Linecost(tower-conductor-insulation)

Highvoltagedirectcurrent(HVDC)powertransmissionisasuitablepowertransmissionprojectfor
verylongdistancei.e.distances>800km
Belowthedistanceof800kmthetransmissionisnotsuitablebecauseofitshighcostsascomparedto
EHVAC.
Substationcost:
In EHV AC power transmission, on an average every 300 km distance span of transmission lines
requiresasubstationtobeestablishedforthecompensationofreactivepowerwhereasinHVDCwe
needtohaveonlyterminaltoterminalsubstation.[5]
Hence,
Foraline<800km,
No.ofsubstationsrequiredinEHVAC =
totaItransmssondstancenRms
3uuRms
(integralvalue)
i.e.=2
Now,
ForHVDCtransmission,
No.ofsubstationsrequired=2(always) independentofdistance
Hereweobservethatforadistance<800kmsboththemodesoftransmissionrequire2substations.
Now if we observe the installing costs of the substations, we conclude that HVDC substations are
costlierthantheEHVAConesinceHVDCrequiresconvertersandthyristorvalvesasanadditional
accessory.[4]
Therefore we can prove from this that HVDC is not a suitable mode of power transmission for
distanceslessthan800km.
Whereasfordistances>800kmtheno.ofsubstationsinEHVACwillincreaseandinHVDCwill
remainsamehenceEHVwillgoontobecostlierahead.
Thecosteffectivenessofbothmodescanbeobservedinthegraphgivenbelow,
http://www.academia.edu/6697158/HVDC_and_EHV_AC 3/11
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Linecost:
Conductor
If we consider the conducto
conductorsrequiredforthepowe
ACthesamepowertransmission
thanACresultinginlowtowerc
Altitudeandweather
IncaseofEHVAC, coronal
fewkW/kmoflossinfairwe
orhoarfrost andmayreachse
Theeffectofaltitudeoncoro
atanygivenweatherconditio
For HVDC lines, theselecti
doneinthesamewayaswith
DC corona losses are, howe
increaseduringrainorhoarfr
[1]Theeffectofaltitudeonth
costper kmthe HVDC is more costeffe
transmissioninbipolarHVDCmodeisonl
requiresabout6to24conductors.Thismak
standenvironmentalimpactinHVDC.
ssesareimportanttothedesignofconduct
ather,thelevelmayincrease10-100timesd
eralhundredkW/km.[1]
alossisquitedramatic:at1800metersabo
arefourtimeshigherthanatsealevelforE
n of conductorcross section withregard t
EHVAC.
er, of less concerntothe design of condu
stismuchsmallerthanwithAC,onlyabout
eDCcoronalossissimilaraswithAC.
tive since the number
ytwowhereasinEHV
stheROWofDCless
orbundle.Withonlya
ringconditionsofrain
vesealevel,thelosses
HVAC.
the resistive losses is
tor bundles, since the
2-3times.
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