Proceedings of the 6th International

Workshop on Remote Sensing and

Environmental Innovations in
Mongolia
The (Jh International Workshop on Remote Sensing and Environmental innovations mMongolza
RENEW ABLE ENERGY FOR LOCAL COMMUNITY:
PERMORMANCE OF SOLAR HYBRID SYSTEM IN THE GOBI
Amarbayar Adiyabat
1
1
NUM-SPE, Department of Application Physics, School of
Phvsics and Electronics, Sational [Jniversity ofA!ongoba, .
Address: fkll szuguuikn gudan!f- J, Baga tobuu, Sukhbaator district, Ulaanbaatar, },fongolza
Cell: Fax: T976-11-329993, email: amarbayar.!fgmail.com
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a long-term performance analysis of PV -hybrid system based on 5
years operational data from the field site of -oyon SOllllL Umnugobi province. Mongolia project
supported by New Energy and Industrial Technology DeYelopment Organization of Japan (NEDO).
The NEDO has performed demonstrative research on the independent dispersed PV -hybrid systems:
PV, 200kW. DEG (Diesel Engine Generator): 100kVA *3set) from 2002 to 2004 in Mongolia. The
main purpose of this project was to improve system reliability and cost performance on the natural
conditions and distinctive social systems. which are rarely seen in Japan.
It has been observed that the high PV penetration (during project period: 80.-l% during 09/2003-
12/2007) 71% of total supplied energy. and the low system failure ratio. On the other hand, average
PR(perfonnanceratio) indicated 0.20 (during project period). 0.14 (estimated values between
09/2003-12/2007) due to the limited demand and distributed/grid-connected PV units (lOOkW)
with the auxilicuy power mode.
Introduction
The NEDO has performed demonstrative research
on hybrid type photovoltaic (PV) power generation
systems from 2002 to 2004 at oyon soum,
Umnugobi province, Mongolia (see Figure 1). The
main purpose of these projects was to improve system
reliability and cost performance on the natural
conditions and distinctive social systems are rarely
seen in Japan [ 1].
This paper describes the results of a long-term
Figure 1 Location of the Noyon soum center
performance analysis of PV -hybrid systems based on measured operation data during project
period, and actual record data after the project period.
System configuration
The system consists of 4 dispersed grid-connected PV units, 2 centralized PV units, 2 lead-
acid battery units, central controller unit, and 3 sets of existing DEG (see Figure 2). Dispersed
PV units located at school ( 40kW), hospital ( 40kW), admin office (1 OkW), and
telecommunication station (lOkW). Modular PC (power conditioner) 10kW employing multi
units build up systems were used in each PV unit. PC (10kW*lOset) in a power center (PV
100kW), were separated into 2 lines (units) and each of them were designed to connect
storage batteries (288kWh, 1000Ah*2V*144cell).
Power conditioners of two centralized PV units, alternately switch between self-sustained
operations and grid-connected operations by orders of a central controller and carry out
adjustment of PV outputs and control of load sharing according as power demand variation
(figure 3). In this site, all of PV array are mounted at a fixed angle (60 degree) and facing
south (azimuth 0 degree).
66
Anal
TheJ
perfo
and i
yield
In thi
opera
implt
12/2(
was 1
follo1
[kWl
Sola1
used
Syste
open
Stan
The
avail
outp1
the a
array
ofP
1
oflo
mod
ineff
B
6
.Iemational Workshop on Remote Sensing and Environmental Innovations in Mongolia
d


PV array Battery Diesel Gen.
_j 288kWh*2 ltoOkVA*3 set
, , ' : )
oo,ft(;. 50kW*2 untt . "
Cent.Controller
AC380V


;::::
'
PV array --(Q)--L-- Local Grid i

12 24
D Battery charge by PV
0DEG
D Battery discharge
L'J PV suppl y
f tgure 2 System configuration of the Noyon
fi eld site
Figure 3 Main operation mode (PV+Bat and DEG
switching operation)
ysis and method
field data analysis is divided into 2 parts: solar energy resource evaluation, and system
o rmance. For evaluation of the solar energy resource, we use monthly average irradiation,
irradiation variable ratio. The system performance indices include reference yield, final
d. system performance ratio, PV penetration ratio.
thi s analysis, system operation data referred by 2 different source. Main data is measured
ration data during the project period (09/2003-03/2005), which was provided by an
pl ementer of the NEDO project The actual data recorded after project period (04/2005-
which was obtained by a follow-up survey at the field site. Main operation data
s measured every 30 minutes and stored in the data loggers. Measurement items were as
lows: incident global irradiance in array-plane (tilt angle: 60 degree), PV unit outputs
Wh/30minut], battery input (charge) [kWh/30minut], DEG output [kWh/30minut] [1]
ar Energy Resource Indices: The horizontal and in-plane irradiations [kWh/m
2
/day] were
sed for the indices of solar energy resource .
. stem Performance Indices: All system performance data have been evaluated in terms of
erational performance and reliability. The evaluation procedures are based on the IEC
andard 61724 [7].
Yr = H A I Gs (J) YA = E A.d / P max (2)
Yr = E zoad,d! P max (3) PR = Yr! Y r (4)
The reference yield Yc is based on the in-plane irradiation H.
4
and represents the theoretically
ailable energy Gs per day and kWp. The final PV system yield Y
1
is the daily PV system
tput energy Ep to the load per day and kWp, represents the number of hours per day that
:he array would need to operate at its rated output power P max to contribute the same daily
array energy to the system as it was monitored. The system performance ratio PR is the ratio
f PV energy actually used to the energy theoretically available (i .e. Yr/Yr). It is independent
f location and system size and indicates the overall losses on the array's rated output due to
module temperature, incomplete utilization of irradiance and system component
nefficiencies or failures [2, 3].
67