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=
Hence angular acceleration of
direction.
Angular displacement of
is given as:
Number of accelerations
circumference:
(a) Initially at
(b) After it has made one third of a revolution.
Edudigm
3. A wheel mounted on a stationery axle starts at rest and is given the following angular
acceleration:
where t is the time begins to rotate. Find the number of revolutions that the wheel turns
before it stops (and begins to turn in the opposite direction).
Solution:
The kinematic equations do not apply because the angular acceleration
is not
constant.
(in SI units)
Edudigm
4. Find the moment of inertia of a circular disk or solid cylinder of radius R about the axis
through the corner and perpendicular to the flat surface.
Solution:
The figure shows that the appropriate mass element is a
circular ring of radius r and width dr.
Its area is
Edudigm
5. Find the moment of inertia of a uniform solid sphere of mass M and radius R about a
diameter.
Solution:
The sphere may be divided into disks perpendicular to the given axis, as
shown in fig. the disk at a distance x from the center of the sphere has a
radius
If
is the volume mass density (mass per unit volume), the mass of this
elemental disk is
From the last example, the moment of inertia of this elemental disk is
written as:
6. A grind stone is in the form of a solid cylinder has a radius of 0.5 m and a mass 50 kg.
(a) What torque will bring it from rest to an angular velocity of 300 rev/min in 10 s?
Edudigm
Torque required
R K E = 3084 J
7. Calculate the torque developed by an airplane engine whose output is 2000 hp at an angular
velocity of 2400 rev/min.
Solution:
Edudigm
Solution:
Let R be the radius of the pulley and
Edudigm
The linear acceleration of blocks is same as the tangential acceleration of any point on the
circumference of the pulley which is
to the vertical?
(b) What is the tangential linear acceleration of the free end when the rod is horizontal? The
moment of inertia of a rod about one end is
Solution:
Edudigm
to the vertical.
is
body.
As there is no slipping, the point of contact of the body with plane is instantaneously at
rest.
Edudigm
We cal also derive the condition for pure rolling. (rolling without slipping)
11. A solid cylinder rolls down an inclined plane of height h and inclination
calculate its
speed at the bottom a, the plane using acceleration-method and energy-method. Also calculate
the time taken to reach bottom.
Solution:
Energy Method:
Let v,
Edudigm
10
Acceleration Method:
From the result of last example
Using
Edudigm
11
12. A solid cylinder of mass m = 4 kg and radius R= 10 cm has two ropes wrapped around it,
one near each end. The cylinder is held horizontally by fixing the two free ends of the cords to
the hooks on the ceiling such that both the cords are exactly vertical. The cylinder is released to
fall under gravity. Find the tension in the cords when they unwina and the linear acceleration
of the cylinder.
Solution:
Let a = linear acceleration and
angular acceleration of the cylinder.
For the linear motion of the cylinder:
Also, the linear acceleration of cylinder is same as the tangential acceleration of any point on its
surface.
13. The end A of the rod AB is being pulled on the floor with a constant velocity
as shown.
12
(a) Differentiate
Edudigm
13
The string attaches the mass m to the highest point of the cylinder.
14
through which the cylinder rotates before it leaves contact with the
edge.
(b) The speed of the center of mass of the cylinder before leaving contact with the edge,
and
(c) The ratio of the transitional and rotational kinetic energy of the cylinder when its
center of mass is in horizontal line with the edge.
Solution:
As the cylinder rotates about the edge, its CM moves along a circular
arc of radius r centered at the edge. Let N be the normal reaction
from edge at the instant when cylinder has rotated through the an
angle
Edudigm
15
We can also apply conservative of mechanical energy as there is no slipping. The gravitational
potential energy decreases and hence the kinetic energy increases.
(c)
The rotational kinetic energy (
The kinetic energy at the instant when CM is in horizontal line with edge is K.
K= loss in GPE from initial position= mgr
16. A solid sphere of radius r and mass m rolls without slipping down the track shown in the
figure. At the end of its run at point Q its center of mass velocity is directed upward.
Solution:
From A to B
Loss in GPE = gain in KE
Edudigm
16
17. The descending pulley (disc shaped) shown in figure have a radius 20 cm and
moment of inertia
frictionless. Find the acceleration of the block if its mass is 1.0 kg.
Solution:
Let
Edudigm
17
The string attaches the mass m to the left point of the cylinder.
18. In the arrangement shown in figure a weight A possess mass m, a pulley B possesses mass
M. also known are the moment of inertia I of the pulley to its axis and the radii of the pulley R
and 2R. The mass of the threads is negligible. Find the acceleration of the weight a after the
system is set free.
Solution:
tension in string attached to ceiling
tension in string attached to block
acceleration of CM of spool downward
Edudigm
18
And for the string winding over the smaller parts of spool
stone.
Initial angular velocity
Edudigm
19
20. A carpet of mass m made of an inextensible material is rolled along the its length in the
form of a cylinder of radius R and is kept on a length on a rough floor. The carpet starts
unrolling without sliding on the floor when a negligibly small push is given to it. Calculate the
horizontal velocity of the axis of the cylindrical part of the carpet when its radius reduces to
R/2.
Solution:
As radius is reduced to R/2, mass of rolling part
reduces to M/4
Loss in GPE = gain in KE
( )
I= moment of inertia of rolling part
( )( )
For rolling without slipping
Edudigm
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Edudigm
21
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Edudigm