Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Although tribe, caste, sects, racial group and class are the
various types of social groups found in India , it is the caste and the
tribe which dominate,the former among primitive communities and
the later in hindu society when one looks in to the definition given by
various anthropologists, one is bound to be impressed by the
dissimilarity of as regard what constitutes atribe. Kinship ties, common
territory, one language, joint ownership,one political organisation have
all been referred toas the main characteristics of a tribe.
Majumdar defined the tribe as a social group with territorial affiliation,
endogamous, with no specialization of function, ruled by tribal officers,
herriditary 0r otherwise, united in language dialect, recognizing social
obloquy attaching to them , as it does in caste stucture , following tribal
traditional belifes and customs, above all conscious of a homogenety of
ethenic and territorial intigration.
Max weber in his celebrated essay on social structures regards an
indian tribe as converted into an indian caste when it loses territorial
meaning and significance. He also poin out that, whereaswithin atribe
there may be difference of rank and status, all member of caste have
one common rank.
Group dynamics:
From very early times there has been a gradual and silent change
from tribe to caste. This change has taken in a number of ways and it is
bellieved that most of the lower and exterior caste of today were
formally tribes. Actually the earliest reference to hindu caste system
mention three aryan caste and a fourth, or fourth and a fifth of sudras