Spur gears: Parallel and co-planer shafts connected by gears are called

spur gears. The arrangement is called spur gearing.

Spur gears have straight teeth and are parallel to the axis of the wheel.
Spur gears are the most common type of gears. The advantages of spur
gears are their simplicity in design, economy of manufacture and
maintenance, and absence of end thrust. They impose only radial loads on
thebearings Spur gears are known as slow speed gears. If noise is not a
serious design problem, spur gears can be used at almost any speed.

hypoid gear :

is a style of spiral bevel gear whose main

variance is that the mating gears' axes do not intersect. The hypoid
gear is offset from the gear center, allowing unique configurations
and a large diameter shaft. The teeth on a hypoid gear are helical,
and the pitch surface is best described as a hyperboloid. A hypoid
gear can be considered a cross between a bevel gear and a worm
drive.

Helical Gear: Helical gears have their teeth inclined to the axis of
the shafts in the form of a helix, hence the name helical gears.
These gears are usually thought of as high speed gears. Helical gears can
take higher loads than similarly sized spur gears. The motion of helical
gears is smoother and quieter than the motion of spur gears.
Single helical gears impose both radial loads and thrust loads on their
bearings and so require the use of thrust bearings. The angle of the helix
on both the gear and the must be same in magnitude but opposite in
direction, i.e., a right hand pinion meshes with a left hand gear

Planetary: transmission system (or Epicyclic system as it is

also known), consists normally of a centrally pivoted sun gear, a
ring gear and several planet gears which rotate between these.
This assembly concept explains the term planetary transmission,
as the planet gears rotate around the sun gear as in the
astronomical sense the planets rotate around our sun.

The advantage of a planetary transmission is determined by load

distribution over multiple planet gears. It is thereby possible to
transfer high torques utilizing a compact design

Straight bevel: gears are the simplest of the

bevel gears. They are manufactured on precision

generating machines by indexing method ensuring
that the teeth should be of tapered depth and
thickness. Teeth are cut on the outside of the cone.
They have a straight tooth geometry, which if
extends, passes through the intersection of their
axes.
Straight bevel angle can also be with one gear flat
with a pitch angle of 90 degrees. These have conical
pith surfaces that operate on intersecting axes.
They can be designed and cut to operate on any
shaft angle. In straight bevel gears when each tooth
engages it impacts the corresponding tooth and
simply curving the gear teeth can solve the
problem.
Straight bevel gears come in two variations
depending on the fabrication equipment. They are
grouped into Gleason type and the standard type.
Major percentage of them is of Gleason type with a
coniflex form that gives almost an imperceptible
convex appearance to the tooth surface. In the
standard form, the gear has no profile shifted tooth.

spiral bevel gear: is a bevel gear with helical teeth. The

main application of this is in a vehicle differential, where the
direction of drive from the drive shaft must be turned 90
degrees to drive the wheels. The helical design produces less
vibration and noise than conventional straight-cut or spur-cut
gear with straight teeth.
A spiral bevel gear set should always be replaced in pairs i.e.
both the left hand and right hand gears should be replaced

together since the gears are manufactured and lapped in

pairs.

herringbone gear:, a specific type of double helical

gear,[1] is a special type of gear which is a side to side (not face to
face) combination of two helical gears of opposite hands.[2] From
the top the helical grooves of this gear looks like letter V.
Unlike helical gearsthey do not produce an additional axial load.
Like helical gears, they have the advantage of transferring power
smoothly because more than two teeth will be in mesh at any
moment in time. Their advantage over the helical gears is that the
side-thrust of one half is balanced by that of the other half. This
means that herringbone gears can be used in torque gearboxes
without requiring a substantial thrust bearing. Because of this
herringbone gears were an important step in the introduction of
the steam turbine to marine propulsion

worm drive: is a gear arrangement in which a worm (which is

a gear in the form of a screw) meshes with a worm gear (which is
similar in appearance to a spur gear, and is also called a worm
wheel). The terminology is often confused by imprecise use of the
term worm gear to refer to the worm, the worm gear, or the worm
drive as a unit.