Moises Reyes

Partner: William Flores

ECE 306L
Experiment 1: Fourier Series
Of Pulse Trains

10/14/13

The objectives of this experiment are to be able to determine the complex exponential Fourier
Series Coefficients Xn of periodic signals and then calculate the Cns and n' s . Furthermore,
upon finishing the experiment one will be able to measure the amplitude spectrum of sinusoid,
rectangular pulse train, and triangular pulse train using the Agilent 54600-series oscilloscope.
Part I:
For this part of the experiment we connected the function generator to the oscilloscope using a
BNC-BNC connector. The function generator was set to x(t)=1.5cos(2* *1000t). The
oscilloscope was adjusted to display 5 cycles of x(t). Then the FFT function was selected from
the oscilloscope menu. After setting the center frequency to zero and changing the frequency
span to around 12.21kHz we then recorded 11 peak values (in DbV) and frequency in (kHz) for
the following windows: Flattop, Rectangular, Hanning and Exponential. The following tables and
graphs are from our experimental measurements:

Flattop Window:
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
2.5
0
-6.875
0
-11.25
0
-14.38
0
-16.2
0
-18.13

f(KHz)
1.05
0
2.97
0
5.02
0
7
0
9.03
0
11

Rectangular Window:
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
2.5
0
-6.875
0
-11.25
0
-13.75
0
-16.25
0
-18.13

f(KHz)
1.02
0
3
0
5.04
0
6.99
0
9.04
0
11.05

Hanning Window:
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
2.5
0
-6.886
0
-11.27
0
-14.09
0
-16.59
0
.18.15

f(KHz)
1.02
0
3.01
0
5.01
0
7.04
0
9.02
0
11.03

Exponential Window:
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
2.13
0
-6.26
0
-11.27
0
-14.09
0
-16.28
0
-18.25

f(KHz)
1.02
0
3.01
0
5
0
7.06
0
9
0
11.02

Part II
For the second part of the experiment we set the function generator to a rectangular pulse
train x(t) with peak-to-peak amplitude 3V, period T0=1ms, and the duty cycle set to d=1/2. The
amplitude of the pulse train was +1.5 V or -1.5 V. We then adjusted the oscilloscope to display
five cycles of x(t) and recorded the following measurements:
Vpp=500mV, Peak Amplitude=250mV, Frequency=1kHz
We were then asked to press the FFT menu on the oscilloscope and we set the center
frequency to 8KHz and the span to 10kHz for a good reading. We set both the X1, and Y1 active
cursors to 0 and then varied X2, and Y2 to varying harmonic components (peaks) to get 11 data
points for varying duty cycles: d=1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5. The following are the plots and data for
these different duty cycles.

Sine Wave for all Windows:

Window
Flat Top
Rectangular
Hanning
Exponential

dBV
0.939
0.626
0.313
0.626

Frequency
(KHz)
1.04
1.04
1.05
1.04

Rectangular Pulse Train for varying duty cycles:

D=1/2
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
2.817
0
-6.886
0
-11.27
0
-14.09
0
-15.96
0
-17.84

f(KHz)
1.05
0
2.95
0
5.03
0
7
0
8.99
0
11.05

dBV
1.252
0
-4.382
0
-10.33
0
-12.52
0
-15.02
0
-16.59

f(KHz)
1
0
2.04
0
4.04
0
4.97
0
6.99
0
8.02

D=1/3
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

D=1/4
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
-0.313
0
-3.13
0
-10.02
0
-13.77
0
-17.53
0
-18.47

f(KHz)
1.06
0
2.01
0
2.98
0
5.03
0
6.05
0
7.03

dBV
-1.565
0
-3.443
0
-6.886
0
-14.4
0
-16.9
0
-14.71

f(KHz)
1.06
0
2.02
0
3.02
0
4.01
0
6.01
0
7.01

D=1/5
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Finally we were asked to change the duty cycle to for a triangular pulse. The following was
the data and plot for this type of pulse.
Triangle duty cycle=1/2
Peak
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

dBV
-0.939
0
-19.09
0
-28.8
0
-34.43
0
-38.19
0
-41.32

f(KHz)
1
0
2.97
0
5.02
0
6.98
0
9.06
0
10.95