Name: Jowel Gray

Group: G3
Course: Science 3 (Physics)
Lecturers Name: Mr Taylor
Date: October 13, 2014

TOPIC: REFLECTION OF LIGHT

Reflection- Reflection is important because without reflection you wouldnt be able to see
anything because any object that you look at the light has reflected off that object and the rays
then travel to your eyes.
Periscope- A periscope is an apparatus consisting of a tube attached to a set of mirrors or prisms,
by which an observer (typically in a submerged submarine or behind a high obstacle) can see
things that are otherwise out of sight. The periscope is made with two mirrors tilted at a 45
degrees angle so by looking into one side of the mirror you will be able to see the object that is in
the opposite mirror because light travels in a straight line.
PURPOSE:

To observe that light travels in a straight line.

To observe that a periscope can be used to see objects over, around or through an object,
obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observers
current position.

GRADE: Four (4)

MATERIALS NEEDED

Periscopes

Large pictures

Notebook

Pens/pencils

PRECAUTIONS FOR TEACHER:

The teacher must ensure that he/she take these necessary precautions.

Ensure that you test this activity before doing it with your students because the students
should be able to see the picture in the mirror when they carry out the experiment.

This activity will be done in groups and then individually so that each student will
understand the concept of reflection of light.

PROCEDURE/METHODOLOGY:
1) Teacher will place some large picture on the wall of the classroom so that each group of
students will have a picture for their experiment.
2) Ensure that you test this activity with a child who is not from the classroom but have
similar height of your students.
3) Place students in groups of 4 to 6.
4) Tell students to cooperate in their groups and take very good observation of what they
will observe.
5) Let one student from each group stand (facing the picture) while holding the periscope
above their head and looking directly into one of the mirror.
6) Continue this procedure until every student from each group is given a chance to carry
out the experiment.
7) Ask each group of student what was observed by looking into the mirror.
8) Tell each group of students to note what their group saw in the mirror in their notebooks.
9) If some students in a group saw something different in the mirror, then first ask the other
members of the group assist the ones who are not following the procedure correctly.

ENRICHMENT/EXTENSION:
Perform a similar activity, but this time students will be asked to do this at their home to see if
they understand it individually. They will find a section in their house where there is a corner and
they will place their school bag at one corner, and then place the periscope flat on the ground
where they can lay down and look into the mirror from their end. The students will then note if
they saw their school bag when they look in the mirror.
PICTURES OF PERISCOPE

TOPIC: FORCES (PULL)

Force- A force is any agent which makes a body move from rest, or which changes the direction
of a moving body. A force must act on an object in order for it to move. If a block of wood is put
on a table it will stay there because it is inert, but if you push it, or tilt the table, then it will begin
to move and you are the agent or force which cause it to move from rest.
Pulley- A pulley is a wheel on an axle that is designed to support movement and change of
direction of a cable or belt along its circumference. Pulleys are used to lift loads, apply forces,
and to transmit power.
PURPOSE:

To observe that a pulley can be used to make work easier.

To observe that the force pull is a very important force. As the name suggested pulley,
this is used to pull objects especially heavy objects as such the force in which you pull is
a very important force

GRADE: Four (4)

MATERIALS NEEDED

Pulley

Rope

Notebook for experiment

A small bucket

Notebook

Pens/pencils

PRECAUTIONS FOR TEACHER:

The teacher must ensure that he/she take these necessary precautions.

Ensure that the pulley was securely attached

No overweight objects were placed in the bucket.

PROCEDURES/METHODOLOGY:
1) The teacher will place the students in groups of 4 to 6.
2) He/She will attach a long enough piece of rope to a pulley.
3) He/She will then attach the hook on the pulley firmly to a well fixed place that is high
above the students height.
4) The teacher will tell the students to take one book each from their bags.
5) The teacher will then attach a bucket to one end of the rope and let one group of students
stand at the other end.
6) She will instruct the students to put their books in the bucket that is at the opposite end
and return to the other end.
7) She will then ensure that the bucket is covered properly to prevent the books from falling
out.
8) One student from each group will then pull the rope from their end and observed what
happened.
9) Every student from each group will carry out this procedure until everyone is given a
chance.
10) Every group will then record what happened in their notebooks and then go back to class
and have a discussion about the activity.

ENRICHMENT/EXTENSION:
Students will be asked to make a simple pulley to carry out this procedure at their homes by
asking an older person for assistance. This time students will put objects of different weight in
the bucket, objects such as sand, stone, leaves and board. In their notebooks they will make a
table with the following.

List each item that was used

Note if it is heavy or light

Note why they think the pulley was useful in carrying the object.

PICTURES OF PULLEY